I-mononeuropathy eminingi

I-mononeuropathy eminingi ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yezinzwa okubandakanya ukulimala okungenani kwezindawo ezimbili ezihlukene zezinzwa. I-Neuropathy isho ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa.

I-mononeuropathy eminingi iyindlela yokulimala kweyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezinzwa zomzimba. Lezi izinzwa ezingaphandle kobuchopho nomgogodla. Iqembu lezimpawu (syndrome), hhayi isifo.

Kodwa-ke, izifo ezithile zingadala ukulimala noma ukulimala kwezinzwa okuholela ezimpawu ze-mononeuropathy eziningi. Izimo ezivamile zifaka:

• Izifo zemithambo yegazi efana ne-polyarteritis nodosa
• Izifo zezicubu ezixhuma njenge-rheumatoid arthritis noma i-systemic lupus erythematosus (imbangela evame kakhulu ezinganeni)
• Isifo sikashukela

Izimbangela ezingavamile kakhulu zifaka:

• I-Amyloidosis, inqwaba yamaprotheni akhelene nezicubu nezitho zomzimba
• Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi (njenge-hypereosinophilia ne-cryoglobulinemia)
• Izifo ezifana nesifo seLyme, i-HIV / AIDS, noma i-hepatitis
• Uchoko
• I-Sarcoidosis, ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph node, amaphaphu, isibindi, amehlo, isikhumba, noma ezinye izicubu
• I-Sjögren syndrome, ukuphazamiseka lapho izindlala ezikhiqiza izinyembezi namathe zibhujiswa khona
• I-Granulomatosis nge-polyangiitis, ukuvuvukala kwesitsha segazi

Izimpawu zincike emithanjeni ethile ethintekayo, futhi ingafaka:

• Ukulahlekelwa yisinye noma ukulawulwa kwamathumbu
• Ukulahlekelwa umuzwa endaweni eyodwa noma eziningi zomzimba
• Ukukhubazeka endaweni eyodwa noma eziningi zomzimba
• Ukulimala, ukushisa, ubuhlungu, noma okunye ukuzwa okungavamile endaweni eyodwa noma ngaphezulu zomzimba
• Ubuthakathaka endaweni eyodwa noma ngaphezulu zomzimba

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba abuze ngezimpawu, egxile ohlelweni lwezinzwa.

Ukuxilonga lesi sifo, kuvame ukuba nezinkinga ngezindawo ezimbili noma eziningi ezingahlobene nezinzwa. Izinzwa ezivamile ezithintekile yilezi:

• I-axillary nerve kunoma iyiphi ingalo nehlombe
• Inzwa ejwayelekile ye-peroneal emlenzeni ongezansi
• I-distal nerve medie esandleni
• Imizwa yabesifazane ethangeni
• I-Radial nerve engalweni
• I-sciatic nerve ngemuva komlenze
• I-ulnar nerve engalweni

Ukuhlolwa kungafaka:

• I-Electromyogram (EMG, ukuqoshwa komsebenzi kagesi emisipheni)
• I-biopsy yezinzwa ukuhlola ucezu lwenzwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu
• Izivivinyo zokuqhuba imizwa ukukala ukuthi ukushukuma kwemizwa esheshayo kuhamba kanjani emsipheni
• Ukuhlola ukuhlolwa, okufana nama-x-ray

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Iphaneli ye-antiinuclear antibody (ANA)
• Ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali egazi
• Amaprotheni asebenza ngo-C
• Ukufanekisa ukuskena
• Ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa
• Isici se-rheumatoid
• Izinga le-sedimentation
• Ukuhlolwa kwendlala yegilo
• Ama-X-ray

Izinhloso zokwelashwa uku:

• Phatha ukugula okubangela inkinga, uma kungenzeka
• Nikeza ukunakekelwa okusekela ukugcina ukuzimela
• Izimpawu zokulawula

Ukwenza ngcono ukuzimela, izindlela zokwelashwa zingafaka:

• Ukwelashwa emsebenzini
• Usizo lwe-Orthopedic (ngokwesibonelo, isihlalo esinamasondo, izinsimbi zokubopha, izihlinzana)
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba (ngokwesibonelo, ukuzivocavoca nokuzilolonga kabusha ukukhulisa amandla emisipha)
• Ukwelashwa kwamakhono

Ukuphepha kubalulekile kubantu abanezinkinga zokuzwa noma ukunyakaza. Ukuntuleka kokulawulwa kwemisipha nokwehla kwemizwa kungakhuphula ingozi yokuwa noma yokulimala. Izinyathelo zokuphepha zifaka:

• Ukuba nokukhanya okwanele (njengokuyeka izibani ebusuku)
• Ukufaka okwensimbi
• Ukususa izithiyo (njengama-rugs okuxegayo angahle ashelele phansi)
• Ukuhlola izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ngaphambi kokugeza
• Ukugqoka izicathulo zokuzivikela (azikho izinzwane ezivulekile noma izithende eziphakeme)

Bheka izicathulo kaningi ukuthi awunamabala noma amachaphaza angalimaza izinyawo.

Abantu abanesimo esinciphile kufanele bahlole izinyawo zabo (noma enye indawo ethintekile) kaningi ukuthola imihuzuko, izindawo ezivulekile zesikhumba, noma okunye ukulimala okungenzeka kungabonakali. Lokhu kulimala kungatheleleka kakhulu ngoba izinzwa zezinhlungu zendawo azikhombisi ukulimala.

Abantu abane-mononeuropathy eminingi bathambekele ekulimaleni okusha kwezinzwa ezindaweni zokucindezelwa njengamadolo nezindololwane. Kufanele bagweme ukufaka ingcindezi kulezi zindawo, ngokwesibonelo, ngokunganciki endololwaneni, ukuwela emadolweni, noma ukubamba izikhundla ezifanayo isikhathi eside.

Imithi engasiza ifaka:

• Imithi yezinhlungu ezithengiswa ekhawunteni noma kadokotela
• Izidakamizwa zokuqeda noma ukucindezela ukunciphisa izinhlungu zokugwaza

Ungalulama ngokugcwele uma imbangela itholakele futhi yelashwa, futhi uma umonakalo wezinzwa ulinganiselwe. Abanye abantu abanakho ukukhubazeka. Abanye banokulahlekelwa okuyingxenye noma okuphelele kokuhamba, ukusebenza, noma ukuzwa.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukukhubazeka, ukulahleka kwezicubu noma imisipha
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi yesitho
• Imiphumela emibi yezokwelapha
• Ukulimala okuphindiwe noma okungabonwa endaweni ethintekile ngenxa yokushoda kwemizwa
• Izinkinga zobudlelwano ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma ubona izimpawu ze-mononeuropathy eziningi.

Izinyathelo zokuvimbela zincike ekuphazamiseni okuthile. Isibonelo, ngesifo sikashukela, ukudla ukudla okunempilo nokugcina ukulawula okuqinile ushukela wegazi kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-mononeuropathy eminingi ekuthuthukiseni.

Multiplex mononeuritis; I-multiplex ye-Mononeuropathy; I-multifocal neuropathy; I-peripheral neuropathy - i-mononeuritis multiplex

• Isistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi nesistimu yezinzwa ezungezayo

I-Katirji B. Ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa yangaphakathi. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 107.

USmith G, Nginamahloni ME. I-peripheral neuropathies. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 392.