Ukopha okungavamile kwesibeletho

Ukopha okungavamile kwesibeletho (AUB) kuphuma esibelethweni okude kunokujwayelekile noma okwenzeka ngesikhathi esingajwayelekile. Ukopha kungasinda noma kube lula kunokujwayelekile futhi kwenzeke kaningi noma ngokungahleliwe.

I-AUB ingenzeka:

• Njengokubona noma ukopha phakathi kwezikhathi zakho
• Ngemuva kocansi
• Izinsuku ezinde kunokujwayelekile
• Isinda kunokujwayelekile
• Ngemuva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini

AKWENZEKI ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukopha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kunezimbangela ezihlukile. Uma uphuma noma ukhulelwe, qiniseka ukuthi ushayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Isikhathi sabo bonke abesifazane (umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini) yehlukile.

• Ngokwesilinganiso, isikhathi sowesifazane senzeka njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-28.
• Iningi labesifazane linemijikelezo ephakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-24 nezingama-34 ngokuhlukana. Imvamisa ihlala izinsuku ezi-4 kuya kwezi-7.
• Amantombazane amancane angathola ukuya esikhathini kwawo kusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-21 kuye kwezingu-45 noma ngaphezulu ngaphandle.
• Abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-40 bangaqala ukuba nesikhathi sabo kaningi noma banciphise isikhawu phakathi kwezikhathi zabo.

Kwabesifazane abaningi, amazinga ama-hormone abesifazane ayashintsha njalo ngenyanga. Ama-hormone estrogen ne-progesterone akhishwa njengengxenye yenqubo ye-ovulation. Lapho owesifazane ekhipha iqanda, kukhululwa iqanda.

I-AUB ingenzeka lapho amaqanda engakhiphi iqanda. Izinguquko emazingeni ama-hormone zidala ukuthi isikhathi sakho sibe sekwedlule noma ngaphambili. Isikhathi sakho kwesinye isikhathi singasinda kunokujwayelekile.

I-AUB ivame kakhulu entsheni noma kwabesifazane bangaphambi kokuya esikhathini. Abesifazane abakhuluphele ngokweqile futhi kungenzeka babe ne-AUB.

Kwabesifazane abaningi, i-AUB ibangelwa ukungalingani kwe-hormone. Kungenzeka futhi ngenxa yezimbangela ezilandelayo:

• Ukuqina kodonga lwesibeletho noma ulwelwesi
• Izindlala zesibeletho
• Ama-polyp wesibeletho
• Umdlavuza wamaqanda, isibeletho, umlomo wesibeletho, noma isitho sangasese sowesifazane
• Izinkinga zokopha noma izinkinga zokuvala igazi
• Isifo se-Polycystic ovary
• Ukwehla kwesisindo okukhulu
• Ukulawulwa kokuzalwa kwe-Hormonal, njengamaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha noma amadivayisi we-intrauterine (IUD)
• Ukuzuza ngokweqile kwesisindo noma ukulahleka (ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayi-10 noma ama-4.5 kilograms)
• Ukutheleleka kwesibeletho noma umlomo wesibeletho

I-AUB ayilindelekile. Ukopha kungaba nzima kakhulu noma kube lula, futhi kungenzeka kaningi noma ngokungahleliwe.

Izimpawu ze-AUB zingafaka:

• Ukopha noma ukubona kusuka esithweni sangasese phakathi nezikhathi
• Izikhathi ezenzeka ngaphansi kwezinsuku ezingama-28 zihlukene (zivame kakhulu) noma zingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingama-35 zihlukene
• Isikhathi esiphakathi kwezikhathi siyashintsha inyanga ngayinye
• Ukopha okusindayo (njengokudlulisa amahlule amakhulu, okudinga ukushintsha ukuvikelwa ebusuku, ukungena ngephedi yokuhlanzeka noma i-tampon njalo ngehora amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu ngokulandelana)
• Ukopha okuhlala izinsuku eziningi kunokujwayelekile noma izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-7

Ezinye izimpawu ezibangelwa izinguquko emazingeni ama-hormone zingafaka:

• Ukukhula ngokweqile kwezinwele zomzimba ngephethini yesilisa (hirsutism)
• Ukushisa okushisayo
• Ukushintsha kwemizwelo
• Ubumnene nokoma kwesitho sowesifazane sangasese

Owesifazane angazizwa ekhathele noma ediniwe uma elahlekelwa igazi eliningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kuyisibonakaliso se-anemia.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzokhipha ezinye izimbangela zokopha okungafanele. Ngokuqinisekile uzoba nokuhlolwa kwe-pelvic kanye ne-Pap / HPV test. Olunye uvivinyo olungenziwa lubandakanya:

• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC)
• Iphrofayili yokuvala igazi
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi (LFT)
• Ukuzila ukudla kwegazi
• Ukuhlolwa kweHormone, kwamazinga we-FSH, LH, ama-hormone wesilisa (androgen), i-prolactin, ne-progesterone
• Ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa
• Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi we-thyroid

Umhlinzeki wakho angancoma okulandelayo:

• Isiko lokubheka ukutheleleka
• I-Biopsy ukuhlola i-precancer, umdlavuza, noma ukusiza ukunquma ngokwelashwa kwe-hormone
• I-Hysteroscopy, eyenziwa ehhovisi lomhlinzeki wakho ukubheka esibelethweni ngesitho sangasese
• I-Ultrasound ukubheka izinkinga esibelethweni noma okhalweni

Ukwelashwa kungafaka okukodwa noma okuningi kokulandelayo:

• Amaphilisi okulawulwa kokubeletha aphansi
• Ukwelashwa kweHormone
• Ukwelashwa kwe-estrogen ephezulu kwabesifazane abopha kakhulu
• I-intrauterine device (IUD) ekhipha i-hormone progestin
• Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) ezithathwe ngaphambi nje kokuqala kwesikhathi
• Ukuhlinzwa, uma imbangela yokopha kuyi-polyp noma i-fibroid

Umhlinzeki wakho angakufaka kwizengezo zensimbi uma une-anemia.

Uma ufuna ukukhulelwa, unganikezwa umuthi wokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kweqanda.

Abesifazane abanezimpawu ezinzima ezingathuthuki noma abanesifo somdlavuza noma sokuxilongwa kungadinga ezinye izinqubo ezifana:

• Inqubo yokuhlinza ukubhubhisa noma ukususa ulwelwesi lwesibeletho
• I-Hysterectomy ukususa isibeletho

Ukwelashwa kweHormone kuvame ukuqeda izimpawu. Ukwelashwa kungenzeka kungadingeki uma ungakhuli i-anemia ngenxa yokulahleka kwegazi. Ukwelashwa okugxile embangela yokopha kuvame ukusebenza ngokushesha. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqonda imbangela.

Izinkinga ezingavela:

• Ukuzala (ukungakwazi ukukhulelwa)
• I-anemia enamandla ngenxa yokulahleka kwegazi okuningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ingozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza we-endometrium

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma wopha ngokwejwayelekile esithweni sangasese sowesifazane.

Ukuphuma kwegazi; Ukopha okungavamile kwesibeletho - i-hormonal; I-Polymenorrhea - ukuphuma kwegazi lesibeletho okungasebenzi

• I-anatomy yesizalo ejwayelekile (isigaba esisikiwe)

I-American College of Obstetricians kanye newebhusayithi yamaGynecologists. Umbono wekomidi le-ACOG cha. I-557: Ukuphathwa kokuphuma okungajwayelekile kwesibeletho kwabesifazane abangakhulelwe abaneminyaka yobudala yokuzala. Kuqinisekiswe futhi ngo-2017. . Kufinyelelwe ngo-Okthoba 27, 2018.

IBahamondes L, Ali M. Intuthuko yakamuva ekuphatheni nasekuqondeni ukuphazamiseka kokuya esikhathini. F1000I-Rep Rep. 2015; 7:33. I-PMID: 25926984 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25926984.

URyntz T, uLobo RA. Ukopha okungavamile kwesibeletho: i-etiology kanye nokuphathwa kokopha ngokweqile nokungapheli. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. I-Gynecology ephelele. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 26.

Schrager S. Ukopha okungavamile kwesibeletho. Ku: Kellerman RD, Bope ET, ama-eds. Ukwelashwa Kwamanje kukaConn 2018. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: 1073-1074.