Isiteji somdlavuza webele

Lapho iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo selazi ukuthi unomdlavuza webele, bazokwenza izivivinyo eziningi ukuwukhuphula. Ukubeka isiteji yithuluzi iqembu elisebenzisayo ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza uthuthuke kangakanani. Isigaba somdlavuza sincike ebungwini nasendaweni yesimila, ukuthi sesisabalele yini, nokuthi umdlavuza ususabalale kangakanani.

Ithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lisebenzisa isiteji ukusiza:

• Nquma ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu
• Yazi ukuthi hlobo luni lokulandelela oluzodingeka
• Nquma ithuba lakho lokululama (ukubikezela)
• Thola izivivinyo zomtholampilo ongakwazi ukujoyina

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zesiteji somdlavuza webele.

Isiteji somtholampilo kusekelwe ekuhlolweni okwenziwe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungafaka:

• Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba
• I-Mammogram
• I-MRI yamabele
• Isifuba se-Ultrasound
• IBele Biopsy, kungaba i-ultrasound noma i-stereotactic
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Iskena se-CT
• Ukuskena kwamathambo
• Ukuskena kwe-PET

Isiteji sokugula isebenzisa imiphumela evela ekuhlolweni kwebhu okwenziwe kwizicubu zesifuba kanye nama-lymph node asuswe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Lolu hlobo lwesiteji luzosiza ukunquma ukwelashwa okwengeziwe futhi lusize ukubikezela ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngemuva kokuphela kokwelashwa.

Izigaba zomdlavuza webele zichazwa ngohlelo olubizwa nge-TNM:

• U-T umele isimila. Lichaza ubukhulu nendawo okukhona kuyo isimila esikhulu.
• U-N umeleama-lymph node. Lichaza ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele node. Iphinde isho ukuthi mangaki ama-node anamaseli omdlavuza.
• M umeleimethastasis. Kusho ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele ezingxenyeni zomzimba kude nebele.

Odokotela basebenzisa izigaba eziyisikhombisa eziyinhloko ukuchaza umdlavuza webele.

• Isigaba 0, esibizwa nangokuthi i-carcinoma in situ. Lo ngumdlavuza ovalelwe kuma-lobules noma amapayipi esifubeni. Akusakazekanga ezicutshini ezizungezile. AmaLobules izingxenye zesifuba ezikhiqiza ubisi. Amapayipi ahambisa ubisi engonweni. Umdlavuza weSigaba 0 ubizwa ngokuthi awuhlaseli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ayisakazekanga. Amanye umdlavuza wesigaba 0 aba yingozi kamuva. Kepha odokotela abakwazi ukusho ukuthi iziphi ezizokwenza futhi ezingeke zenze.
• Isigaba I. Isigaxa sincane (noma singaba sincane kakhulu ukuthi singabonwa) futhi siyahlasela. Kungenzeka noma kungasakazeki kuma-lymph node asondele esifubeni.
• Isigaba II. Kungase kungabi bikho isimila esitholakala esifubeni, kepha kungatholakala umdlavuza osusakazekele kuma-lymph node noma ama-node aseduze kwesifuba sesifuba. Ama-axillary node yizindawo ezitholakala kuketanga kusuka ngaphansi kwengalo kuze kube ngaphezulu kwekhola. Kungaba khona futhi nesimila esiphakathi kwamasentimitha amabili kuya kwayisi-5 esifubeni esinomdlavuza omncane kwamanye ama-lymph node. Noma, isimila singaba sikhulu kunamasentimitha ama-5 ngaphandle komdlavuza kuma-node.
• Isigaba IIIA. Umdlavuza usabalalele ezindaweni ezine kuya kweziyi-9 ze-axillary node noma ezindaweni eziseduze nesifuba sesifuba kodwa hhayi kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Noma, kungahle kube nesimila esikhudlwana kunamasentimitha ama-5 nomdlavuza osusabalele kuma-3 axillary node noma kuma-node eduze kwesifuba sesifuba.
• Isigaba IIIB. Isimila sesinabele odongeni lwesifuba noma esikhumbeni sesifuba senza isilonda noma ukuvuvukala. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi isakaze kuma-axillary node kepha hhayi kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• Isigaba IIIC. Umdlavuza wanoma iluphi usayizi usabalalele okungenani ama-axillary node ayi-10. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi isakaze esikhunjeni sesifuba noma sodonga lwebele, kepha hhayi ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba.
• Isigaba IV. Umdlavuza yi-metastatic, okusho ukuthi ususabalalele kwezinye izitho ezinjengamathambo, amaphaphu, ubuchopho noma isibindi.

Uhlobo lomdlavuza onalo, kanye nesiteji, kuzokusiza ukunquma ukwelashwa kwakho. Ngomdlavuza webele wesigaba I, II, noma III, inhloso enkulu ukwelapha umdlavuza ngokuwelapha nokuwugcina ungabuyi. Ngesigaba IV, inhloso ukuthuthukisa izimpawu nokwelula impilo. Cishe kuzo zonke izimo, umdlavuza webele wesigaba IV awulapheki.

Umdlavuza ungabuya emuva kokuphela kokwelashwa. Uma kwenzeka, kungenzeka esifubeni, ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba, noma kuzo zombili izindawo. Uma ibuya, ingahle idinge ukwenziwa kabusha.

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele (omdala) (PDQ) - inguqulo yezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/ Ukwelashwa kwesibeletho-pdq. Kubuyekezwe uFebhuwari 12, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngoMashi 20, 2020.

UNeumayer L, uViscusi RK. Ukuhlolwa nokuqokwa kwesigaba somdlavuza webele. Ku: Bland KI, Copeland EM, Klimberg VS, Gradishar WJ, ama-eds. Isifuba: Ukuphathwa Okuphelele Kwezifo ZeBenign Nezimbi. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 37.

• Umdlavuza Webele