Izindlala zesibeletho

I-uterine fibroids yizicubu ezikhula esibelethweni sowesifazane (isibeletho). Lokhu kukhula akuwona umdlavuza (ubungozi).

Izindlala zesibeletho zivamile. Abesifazane abaningi kwabangabahlanu bangaba ne-fibroids phakathi neminyaka yabo yokubeletha. Ingxenye yabo bonke abesifazane ine-fibroids eneminyaka engama-50.

Ama-Fibroids ayivelakancane kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-20. Avame kakhulu kubantu base-Afrika baseMelika kunabesifazane abaMhlophe, abaseSpanishi, noma base-Asia.

Akekho owazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-fibroids. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kubangelwa:

• AmaHormoni emzimbeni
• Izakhi zofuzo (zingase zigijime emindenini)

Ama-Fibroids angaba mncane kakhulu kangangokuba udinga i-microscope ukuze uwabone. Zingakhula futhi zikhulu kakhulu. Zingagcwalisa sonke isibeletho futhi zingaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu ambalwa noma amakhilogremu. Yize kungenzeka ukuthi i-fibroid eyodwa ithuthuke, imvamisa kukhona okungaphezu kweyodwa.

Ama-Fibroids angakhula:

• Odongeni lwemisipha yesibeletho (i-myometrial)
• Ngaphansi kobuso bolwelwesi lwesibeletho (i-submucosal)
• Ngaphansi kolwelwesi lwangaphandle lwesibeletho (i-subserosal)
• Esihlokweni eside ngaphandle kwesibeletho noma ngaphakathi kwesibeletho (pedunculated)

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-uterine fibroids yilezi:

• Ukopha phakathi nezikhathi
• Ukopha kakhulu ngesikhathi sakho, kwesinye isikhathi ngamahlule egazi
• Izikhathi ezingahlala isikhathi eside kunokujwayelekile
• Kudingeka ukuchama kaningi
• Ukuqunjelwa noma ukuqubuka komzimba
• Ukuzwa ukugcwala noma ingcindezi esiswini sakho esingezansi
• Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuya ocansini

Imvamisa, ungaba ne-fibroids futhi ungabi nazimpawu. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angabathola ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba noma okunye ukuhlolwa. I-Fibroids ivame ukuncipha futhi ingabangeli zimpawu kwabesifazane asebedlule esikhathini. Ucwaningo lwamuva luye lwabonisa nokuthi amanye ama-fibroids amancane ancipha kwabesifazane bangaphambi kokuya esikhathini.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic. Lokhu kungakhombisa ukuthi unoshintsho ekubunjweni kwesibeletho sakho.

Ama-Fibroids akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuxilonga. Ukukhuluphala kungenza i-fibroids ibe nzima ukuyithola. Ungadinga lezi zivivinyo ukubheka ama-fibroids:

• I-Ultrasound isebenzisa amaza omsindo ukudala isithombe sesibeletho.
• I-MRI isebenzisa odonsa ngamandla namagagasi omsakazo ukwakha isithombe.
• I-saline infusion sonogram (hysterosonography) - I-Saline ijojowe esibelethweni ukwenza kube lula ukubona isizalo sisebenzisa i-ultrasound.
• IHysteroscopy isebenzisa ithubhu ende, ezacile efakwa esithweni sangasese kanye nasesibelethweni ukuhlola ingaphakathi lesibeletho.
• I-Endometrial biopsy isusa ucezu oluncane lolwelwesi lwesibeletho ukuhlola umdlavuza uma wopha ngokweqile.

Uhlobo luni lokwelashwa onalo oluxhomeke ku:

• Iminyaka yakho
• Impilo yakho ejwayelekile
• Izimpawu zakho
• Uhlobo lwe-fibroids
• Uma ukhulelwe
• Uma ufuna izingane ngokuzayo

Ukwelashwa kwezimpawu ze-fibroids kungafaka:

• Amadivayisi we-Intrauterine (IUDs) akhipha ama-hormone ukusiza ukunciphisa ukopha okukhulu nobuhlungu.
• I-Tranexamic acid ukunciphisa inani lokugeleza kwegazi.
• Izinsimbi zensimbi ukuvimbela noma ukwelapha i-anemia ngenxa yezikhathi ezinzima.
• Ukunciphisa izinhlungu, okufana ne-ibuprofen noma i-naproxen, yezinsika noma ubuhlungu.
• Ukulinda okulindile - Ungahle ulandele izivivinyo ze-pelvic noma ama-ultrasound ukuhlola ukukhula kwe-fibroid.

Izindlela zokwelashwa noma zehomoni ezingasiza ukunciphisa ama-fibroids zifaka:

• Amaphilisi okulawula inzalo okusiza ukulawula izikhathi ezinzima.
• Uhlobo lwe-IUD olukhipha isilinganiso esincane se-hormone progestin esibelethweni usuku ngalunye.
• AmaHormone shots ukusiza ukuncipha kwe-fibroids ngokumisa i-ovulation. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziswa isikhashana ukunciphisa imicu ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Zingasetshenziswa futhi isikhathi eside lapho inani elincane le-estrogen hormone lifakwa emuva ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi.

Ukuhlinzwa nezinqubo ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-fibroids zifaka:

• I-Hysteroscopy - Le nqubo ingasusa ama-fibroids akhula ngaphakathi kwesibeletho.
• Ukukhishwa kwe-Endometrial - Le nqubo kwesinye isikhathi isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukopha okunzima okuhambisana ne-fibroids. Isebenza kahle kakhulu lapho i-fibroids incane ngosayizi. Kuyayeka ukuya esikhathini ngokuphelele.
• Ukuhlanganiswa komthambo wesibeletho - Le nqubo imisa ukunikezwa kwegazi ku-fibroid, kuyenze inciphise futhi ife. Lokhu kungaba yindlela enhle uma ufisa ukugwema ukuhlinzwa futhi awuhleleli ukukhulelwa.
• I-Myomectomy - Lokhu kuhlinzwa kususa ama-fibroids esibelethweni. Lokhu futhi kungaba yisinqumo esihle uma ufuna ukuba nezingane. Ngeke ivimbele i-fibroids entsha ekukhuleni.
• I-Hysterectomy - Lokhu kuhlinzwa kususa isibeletho ngokuphelele. Kungaba inketho uma ungafuni izingane, imithi ayisebenzi, futhi awukwazi ukuthola ezinye izinqubo.

Izindlela zokwelashwa ezintsha, njengokusebenzisa i-ultrasound egxile, ziyahlolwa ezifundweni zokwelashwa.

Uma une-fibroids ngaphandle kwezimpawu, ungahle ungadingi ukwelashwa.

Uma une-fibroids, zingakhula uma ukhulelwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokwanda kokugeleza kwegazi namazinga aphezulu e-estrogen. I-fibroids ivame ukubuyela kusayizi wayo wokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane yakho.

Izinkinga ze-fibroids zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukuphuma kakhulu kwegazi okudinga ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo.
• Ukusonteka kwe-fibroid - Lokhu kungadala imithambo yegazi evinjiwe eyondla isimila. Ungadinga ukuhlinzwa uma lokhu kwenzeka.
• I-anemia (engenawo amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anele) aphuma ekopha kakhulu.
• Ukutheleleka kwe-Urinary tract - Uma i-fibroid icindezela esinyeni, kungaba nzima ukukhipha isinye ngokuphelele.
• Ukungabi nenzalo, ezimweni ezingavamile.

Uma ukhulelwe, kunengozi encane yokuthi i-fibroids ingadala izinkinga:

• Ungaletha ingane yakho kusenesikhathi ngoba ayikho indawo eyanele esiswini sakho.
• Uma i-fibroid ivimba umsele wokuzalwa noma ibeka ingane esimweni esiyingozi, kungadingeka ukuthi ube nengxenye yokuhlinzwa (C-section).
• Ungaba nokopha kakhulu ngemuva nje kokubeletha.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma une:

• Ukopha kakhulu, ukukhukhumala okwengeziwe, noma ukopha phakathi nezikhathi
• Ukugcwala noma ukusinda endaweni yakho yesisu engezansi

Leiomyoma; Fibromyoma; Myoma; Ama-Fibroids; Ukopha kwesibeletho - i-fibroids; Ukopha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane - i-fibroids

• I-Hysterectomy - isisu - ukuphuma
• Ukukhishwa kwe-Hysterectomy - laparoscopic -
• I-Hysterectomy - ukukhishwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• Ukuhlanganiswa komthambo wesibeletho - ukukhipha

• I-laparoscopy yomzimba
• I-anatomy yokuzala yabesifazane
• Izimila ze-Fibroid
• Isibeletho

I-Dolan MS, i-Hill C, i-Valea FA. Izilonda ze-Benign gynecologic: isisu, isitho sangasese sowesifazane, umlomo wesibeletho, isibeletho, i-oviduct, i-ovary, i-ultrasound imaging yezakhiwo ze-pelvic. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. I-Gynecology ephelele. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 18.

IMoravek MB, iBulun SE. Izindlala zesibeletho. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, abahleli. I-Endocrinology: Eyabantu Abadala Neyengane. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 131.

Izinhloli JB. Indima yamanje yokuhlanganiswa komthambo wesibeletho ekuphathweni kwe-uterine fibroids. Umtholampilo Obstet Gynecol. 2016; 59 (1): 93-102. I-PMID: 26630074 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26630074/.

UStewart EA. Umkhuba wokwelashwa. Izindlala zesibeletho. N Engl J Med. 2015; 372 (17): 1646-1655. I-PMID: 25901428 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25901428/.

UVerpalen IM, u-Anneveldt KJ, uNijholt IM, et al.Ukwelashwa kwe-Magnetic resonance-high intensity egxile kwi-ultrasound (MR-HIFU) yezimpawu zesibeletho ezinezimpawu ezinezinqubo zokwelashwa ezingavinjelwe: ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile nokuhlaziywa kwemeta. Umsakazo we-Eur J. 2019; 120: 108700. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.ejrad.2019.108700. I-PMID: 31634683 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31634683/.