Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar yisimo sengqondo lapho umuntu enezinguquko ezibanzi noma ezeqile kwemizwa yakhe. Izikhathi zokuzizwa udabukile futhi ucindezelekile zingashintshana nezikhathi zenjabulo enkulu nokusebenza noma ukweqa noma ukucasuka.

Isifo se-bipolar sithinta abesilisa nabesifazane ngokulinganayo. Imvamisa iqala phakathi kweminyaka yobudala eyi-15 nengama-25. Imbangela ngqo ayaziwa, kepha yenzeka kaningi ezihlotsheni zabantu abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo.

Kubantu abaningi abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo, asikho isizathu esicacile sezikhathi (iziqephu) zenjabulo eyedlulele nomsebenzi ophakeme noma amandla (mania) noma ukudangala nomsebenzi ophansi noma amandla (ukudangala). Okulandelayo kungadala isiqephu somuntu:

• Ukubeletha
• Imithi, njenge-anti-depressants noma i-steroids
• Izikhathi zokungakwazi ukulala (ukuqwasha)
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa

Isigaba se-manic singahlala ezinsukwini kuye ezinyangeni. Kungabandakanya lezi zimpawu:

• Ukuphazamiseka kalula
• Ukubandakanyeka okweqile emisebenzini
• Isidingo esincane sokulala
• Ukwahlulela kabi
• Ukulawulwa komoya omubi
• Ukuntuleka kokuzithiba nokuziphatha budedengu, njengokuphuza ngokweqile noma ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngokweqile, ukuba nocansi olwandayo noluyingozi, ukugembula, nokuchitha noma ukunikela ngemali eningi
• Imizwelo ethukuthele kakhulu, imicabango yokujaha, ukukhuluma okuningi, nezinkolelo ezingamanga mayelana nawe noma ngamakhono akho
• Inkulumo esheshayo
• Ukukhathazeka ngezinto ezingelona iqiniso (inkohliso)

Isiqephu sokucindezeleka singafaka lezi zimpawu:

• Imizwa ephansi yansuku zonke noma ukudabuka
• Izinkinga zokugxila, ukukhumbula, noma ukwenza izinqumo
• Izinkinga zokudla njengokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla kanye nokwehlisa isisindo somzimba noma ukudla ngokweqile nokuzuza kwesisindo
• Ukukhathala noma ukungabi namandla
• Ukuzizwa ungelutho, uphelelwe yithemba, noma unecala
• Ukulahlekelwa yinjabulo emisebenzini eyake yajatshulelwa
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzethemba
• Imicabango yokufa noma ukuzibulala
• Inkinga yokulala noma ukulala kakhulu
• Ukudonsela kude nabangane noma imisebenzi eyake yajatshulelwa

Abantu abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo basengozini enkulu yokuzibulala. Bangasebenzisa utshwala noma ezinye izinto. Lokhu kungenza izimpawu ze-bipolar zibe zimbi kakhulu futhi kwandise ingozi yokuzibulala.

Iziqephu zokudangala zivame kakhulu kuneziqephu ze-mania. Iphethini ayifani kubo bonke abantu abanesifo se-bipolar:

• Izimpawu zokucindezeleka kanye ne-mania zingavela ndawonye. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi izwe elixubekile.
• Izimpawu zingavela futhi ngemuva komunye nomunye. Lokhu kubizwa ngebhayisikili elisheshayo.

Ukuthola isifo se-bipolar, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angenza okunye noma konke okulandelayo:

• Buza ukuthi ngabe amanye amalungu omndeni anenkinga yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo
• Buza ngokushintsha kwemizwelo yakho kwakamuva nokuthi unesikhathi esingakanani unakho
• Yenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele noku-oda kwe-lab ukuze ubheke ezinye izifo ezingadala izimpawu ezifana nenkinga ye-bipolar
• Khuluma namalungu omndeni ngezimpawu zakho nempilo yonke
• Buza nganoma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo onazo kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo
• Buka indlela oziphatha ngayo nomoya wakho

Inhloso enkulu yokwelashwa uku:

• Yenza iziqephu zingabi njalo futhi zibe nzima
• Kukusiza usebenze kahle futhi ujabulele impilo yakho ekhaya nasemsebenzini
• Vimbela ukuzilimaza nokuzibulala

IMITHI

Imithi iyingxenye eyinhloko yokwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo. Esikhathini esiningi, imithi yokuqala esetshenzisiwe ibizwa ngama-mood stabilizers. Zikusiza ukuthi ugweme ukuguquguquka kwemizwelo nezinguquko ezeqile emazingeni omsebenzi namandla.

Ngemithi, ungaqala ukuzizwa ungcono. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, izimpawu ze-mania zingazizwa zihle. Abanye abantu banemiphumela engemihle evela emithini. Ngenxa yalokho, ungahle ulingeke ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imishanguzo yakho noma ushintshe indlela oyiphuza ngayo. Kodwa ukumisa imithi yakho noma ukuyiphuza ngendlela engafanele kungadala ukuthi izimpawu zibuye noma zibe zimbi kakhulu. UNGAYEKISI ukuthatha noma ukushintsha imithamo yemithi yakho. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho uma unemibuzo mayelana nemithi yakho.

Cela amalungu omndeni noma abangane ukuthi bakusize uphuze imithi ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kusho ukuthatha umthamo ofanele ngesikhathi esifanele. Futhi zingasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi iziqephu ze-mania kanye nokudangala ziyelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu.

Uma izivikeli zemizwa zingasizi, umhlinzeki wakho angaphakamisa eminye imithi, njenge-antipsychotic noma i-antidepressants.

Uzodinga ukuvakashelwa njalo nodokotela bengqondo ukukhuluma ngemithi yakho kanye nemiphumela engemihle engaba khona. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyadingeka kaningi, futhi.

EZINYE UKWELASHWA

I-Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) ingasetshenziselwa ukwelapha isigaba se-manic noma sokucindezeleka uma singaphenduli emithini.

Abantu abaphakathi kwesiqephu esinzima somuntu noma sokudangala bangadinga ukuhlala esibhedlela baze bazinze futhi nokuziphatha kwabo kulawulwe.

SEKELA IZINHLELO FUTHI UKHULUME IMITHI

Ukujoyina iqembu lokusekelwa kungakusiza wena nabathandekayo bakho. Ukubandakanya amalungu omndeni nabanakekeli ekwelashweni kwakho kungasiza ekunciphiseni amathuba okubuyela kwezimpawu.

Amakhono abalulekile ongawathola ezinhlelweni ezinjalo afaka indlela yokwenza lokhu:

• Bhekana nezimpawu eziqhubekayo noma ngabe uthatha imithi
• Lala ngokwanele futhi uziqhelelanise nezidakamizwa zokuzijabulisa
• Thatha imithi ngendlela efanele futhi uphathe imiphumela emibi
• Buka ukubuya kwezimpawu, futhi wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze lapho zibuya
• Thola ukuthi yini edala iziqephu futhi ugweme lezi zimbangela

Ukwelashwa kokukhuluma nomhlinzeki wezempilo yengqondo kungasiza kubantu abane-bipolar disorder.

Izikhathi zokudangala noma i-mania ziyabuya kubantu abaningi, noma ngabe zelashwa. Abantu futhi bangaba nezinkinga ngotshwala noma ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa. Kungenzeka futhi babe nezinkinga ebudlelwaneni, esikoleni, emsebenzini nasezimalini.

Ukuzibulala kuyingozi yangempela ngesikhathi sobabili kanye nokudangala. Abantu abanesifo se-bipolar abacabanga noma abakhuluma ngokuzibulala badinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo ngokushesha.

Funa usizo ngendlela efanele uma:

• Yiba nezimpawu ze-mania
• Zizwe unesifiso sokuzilimaza wena noma abanye
• Zizwe ungenathemba, wesabe, noma udangele
• Bona izinto ezingekho ngempela lapho
• Zizwe ungeke ukwazi ukuphuma endlini
• Awukwazi ukuzinakekela

Shayela umhlinzeki okwelashwa uma:

• Izimpawu ziya ngokuya ziba zimbi
• Unemiphumela engemihle evela emithini
• Awuthathi umuthi ngendlela efanele

Ukudangala kweManic; Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo; Ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo - i-bipolar; Isifo sokudangala seManic

• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar

I-American Psychiatric Association. I-bipolar kanye nokuphazamiseka okuhlobene. Ku: I-American Psychiatric Association. Incwajana Yokuhlola Nezibalo Yezinkinga Zengqondo. Umhlaka 5. I-Arlington, VA: Ukushicilelwa Kwe-Psychiatric yaseMelika; 2013: 123-154.

UPerlis RH, Ostacher MJ. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar. Ku: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, ama-eds. IMassachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 30.