Ukunakekelwa kwezimbambo eziphukile

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezimbambo, okubizwa nangokuthi ubambo olimele, kungenzeka ngemuva kokuwa noma ukushaya endaweni yakho yesifuba. Ukulimazeka kwenzeka lapho imithambo yegazi emincane iphuka futhi ivuza okuqukethwe kwayo ezicutshini ezithambile ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Lokhu kudala ukuthi isikhumba sibe nombala.

Izimbangela ezivamile zezimbambo ezilinyaziwe izingozi zemoto, ukulimala kwezemidlalo, noma ukuwa. Ukukhwehlela okukhulu noma isikhathi eside nakho kungadala izimbambo ezilimele.

• Ukulimala ezimbanjeni ngenxa yamandla angaqondile kungadala ukopha nokulimala kwezicubu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba.
• Ngokuya ngamandla okushaywa, ungahle ube nokunye ukulimala, njengezimbambo eziphukile noma ukulimala emaphashini, isibindi, ubende noma izinso. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ezingozini zemoto noma ukuwa kusuka ekuphakameni okukhulu.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, nokuguquka kwesikhumba.

• Isikhumba esigcwele umhuzuko singashintsha sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nsomi, noma phuzi.
• Indawo elimele ayithambile futhi ibuhlungu.
• Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu kokubili lapho uhamba nalapho uphumule.
• Ukuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ukuhleka noma ukuthimula konke kungadala noma kwandise ubuhlungu.

Izimbambo eziphukile zilulama ngendlela efanayo nezimbambo eziphukile, kepha ukulimaza kuthatha isikhathi esincane ukuphola kunokwaphuka kwezimbambo.

• Ukuphulukisa kuthatha cishe amaviki amane kuya kwayisithupha.
• Kungadingeka i-X-ray, i-MRI, noma i-CT scan ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa futhi kukhishwe ukulimala okubi kakhulu, njengokuqhekeka kwezimbambo noma ukulimala kwezitho zangaphakathi.
• Ngeke ube nebhande noma ibhandishi esifubeni sakho ngoba lokhu kungagcina izimbambo zakho zinganyakazi lapho uphefumula noma ukhwehlela. Lokhu kungaholela ekuthelelekeni kwamaphaphu (i-pneumonia).

Nazi ezinye izindlela zokusiza ekudambiseni ubuhlungu nokungahambi kahle njengoba uphulukisa.

ICING

I-icing isiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ngokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi endaweni. Iphinde ibe ndikindiki endaweni futhi isize ukuqeda izinhlungu.

• Faka ipakethe yeqhwa endaweni elimele imizuzu engama-20, izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezingu-3 ngosuku ngosuku lokuqala kuya kwezimbili.
• Songa iphakethe leqhwa ngendwangu ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo endaweni elimele.

IMITHI YOBUhlungu

Uma ubuhlungu bakho bungebuhlungu, ungasebenzisa ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) noma naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn) ukukhululeka kobuhlungu. Ungathenga le mithi yezinhlungu esitolo.

• Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa le mithi uma unesifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sezinso, isifo sesibindi, noma uke waba nezilonda zesisu noma ukopha ngaphakathi esikhathini esedlule.
• UNGATHATHI ngaphezu kwenani elinconywe ebhodleleni noma ngumhlinzeki wakho.

I-Acetaminophen (iTylenol) nayo ingasetshenziselwa izinhlungu ngabantu abaningi.

• UNGAYITHATHI le mithi uma unesifo sesibindi noma unciphise ukusebenza kwesibindi.
• UNGATHATHI ngaphezu kwenani elinconywe ebhodleleni noma ngumhlinzeki wakho.

Uma ubuhlungu bakho bukhulu, ungadinga imithi yezinhlungu kadokotela (izidakamizwa) ukugcina ubuhlungu bakho bulawulwa ngenkathi umhuzuko wakho uphola.

• Thatha le mithi ngohlelo umhlinzeki wakho alunqumile.
• UNGABUPHUZI utshwala, ushayele, noma usebenzise imishini esindayo ngenkathi uthatha le mithi.
• Ukugwema ukuqunjelwa, phuza uketshezi oluningi, udle ukudla okune-fiber eningi, futhi usebenzise izithambisi zendle.
• Ukugwema isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza, zama ukuthatha imithi yakho yezinhlungu ngokudla.

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi oyiphuzayo njengoba ukuhlangana kwezidakamizwa kungenzeka.

IZIVIVINYO ZOKUPHEFUMULA

Ukuba sezinhlungwini lapho uphefumula kungadala ukuthi uthathe ukuphefumula okungajulile. Uma uthatha ukuphefumula okungajulile isikhathi eside kakhulu, kungakubeka engcupheni yokuphathwa yinyumoniya. Ukusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga, umhlinzeki wakho angancoma izivivinyo zokuphefumula okujulile.

• Yenza izivivinyo zokuphefumula ezijulile nokuphefumula kancane njalo emahoreni ama-2, ukuqeda amafinyila emaphashini akho nokuvikela ukuwa kwamaphaphu okuyingxenye. Umhlinzeki wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ushaye into ekhethekile elinganisa ukuthi uhambisa umoya ongakanani ngokuphefumula ngakunye (spirometer).
• Thatha ukuphefumula okujulile okungu-10 njalo ngehora, noma ngabe uvuka phakathi nobusuku bokuqala.
• Ukubamba umcamelo noma ingubo ubambe ubambo lwakho olimele kungenza ukuphefumula okujulile kungabi buhlungu kakhulu. Ungadinga ukuthatha imithi yakho yezinhlungu kuqala.
• Umhlinzeki wakho angakutshela ukuthi usebenzise idivayisi ebizwa nge-spirometer ukusiza ngezindlela zokuphefumula.

IZINYATHELO ZOKUZIVIKELA

• Ungaphumuli embhedeni usuku lonke. Lokhu kungadala uketshezi emaphashini akho.
• Ungabhemi noma usebenzise noma imiphi imikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Zama ukulala endaweni enethezekile emile mpo ngobusuku bokuqala. Ungakwenza lokhu ngokubeka imicamelo embalwa ngaphansi kwentamo yakho nasemhlane ongaphezulu. Lesi sikhundla sizokusiza ukuphefumula ngokunethezeka.
• Qala ukulala ohlangothini lwakho olungathinteki ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala zokulimala. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuphefumuleni.
• Gwema imisebenzi enzima njengokuphakamisa okunzima, ukusunduza, nokudonsa, noma ukunyakaza okubangela ubuhlungu.
• Qaphela ngesikhathi semisebenzi futhi ugweme ukushayisa indawo elimele.
• Ungaqala kancane imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke (ngemuva kokukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo), njengoba ubuhlungu bakho buyancipha futhi ukulimala kwakho kuphola.

Kufanele ushayele umhlinzeki wakho ngokushesha uma une:

• Ubuhlungu obungavumeli ukuphefumula okujulile noma ukukhwehlela yize usebenzisa ukuqeda izinhlungu
• Imfiva
• Ukukhwehlela noma ukwanda kwamafinyila okhohlela
• Akhwehlele igazi
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Imiphumela emibi yomuthi wezinhlungu njengokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza, noma ukuqunjelwa, noma ukusabela okweqile, njengokuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukuvuvukala kobuso, noma ukuphefumula kanzima

Ukunakekelwa kwezintambo okonakele; Umhuzuko wezimbambo; Izimbambo ezilinyaziwe; Ukuhlanganiswa kobambo

• Izimbambo ne-anatomy yamaphaphu

U-Eiff MP, uHatch R. Rib uqhekekile. Ku: Eiff MP, Hatch R, eds. Ukuphathwa Kwephuka Kokunakekelwa Okuyinhloko, uHlelo Olubuyekeziwe. 3rd ed. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2018: isahluko 18.

I-NM enkulu. I-CT ekuhlukumezeni kwemisipha. Ku: Webb WR, Brant WE, Major NM, ama-eds. Izisekelo ze-Body CT. Umhlaka 5. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 19.

URaja AS. Ukuhlukumezeka Thoracic. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 38.

U-Yeh DD, u-Lee J. Trauma kanye nokulimala kokuqhuma. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 76.