I-Keratoconus

I-Keratoconus yisifo samehlo esithinta ukwakheka kwe-cornea. I-cornea isicubu esicacile esimboza ingaphambili leso.

Ngalesi simo, ukwakheka kwe-cornea kushintsha kancane kusuka esimweni esiyindilinga kuye esimweni sesigaxa. Kubuye kube mncane futhi iso liphume. Lokhu kudala izinkinga zokubona. Kubantu abaningi, lezi zinguquko ziyaqhubeka nokuba zimbi kakhulu.

Imbangela ayaziwa. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuthambekela kokuthuthukisa i-keratoconus kukhona kusukela ekuzalweni. Isimo singaba ngenxa yokukhubazeka ku-collagen. Lesi isicubu esihlinzeka ukwakheka namandla kwi-cornea.

Ukungezwani komzimba nokuxubha iso kungasheshisa umonakalo.

Kukhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-keratoconus ne-Down syndrome.

Uphawu lokuqala ngukufiphala okuncane kombono okungenakulungiswa ngezibuko. (Umbono uvame ukuqondiswa ufike ku-20/20 ngamalensi okuxhumana aqinile, angena ngegesi.) Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungabona ama-halos, ube nokukhanya okukhanyayo, noma ezinye izinkinga zokubona ebusuku.

Iningi labantu abahlakulela i-keratoconus banomlando wokubona eduze. Ukubona eduze kuvame ukuba kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Njengoba inkinga iba yimbi, i-astigmatism iyakhula futhi ingahle ibe yimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-Keratoconus ivame ukutholakala phakathi neminyaka yobusha. Kungakhula nakubantu abadala.

Isivivinyo esinembe kakhulu sale nkinga sibizwa ngokuthi i-corneal topography, edala imephu yejika le-cornea.

Ukuhlolwa kwesibani se-cornea kungaxilonga lesi sifo ngezigaba zakamuva.

Ukuhlolwa okubizwa nge-pachymetry kungasetshenziswa ukukala ubukhulu be-cornea.

Ama-lens wokuxhumana ayindlela yokwelashwa eyinhloko yeziguli eziningi ezine-keratoconus. Ama-lens anganikeza umbono omuhle, kepha awaselaphi noma awumisi isimo. Kubantu abanalesi sifo, ukugqoka izibuko zangaphandle ngaphandle ngemuva kokutholakala kungasiza ekunciphiseni noma ekuvimbeleni ukuqhubeka kwesifo. Sekuyiminyaka eminingi ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa kuphela ukufakelwa i-corneal transplant.

Ubuchwepheshe obusha obulandelayo bungabambezela noma buvimbele isidingo sokufakelwa kabusha kwe-corneal:

• Amandla emisakazo ephezulu kakhulu (i-keratoplasty eqhubayo) ishintsha ukwakheka kwe-cornea ukuze amalensi wokuxhumana alingane kangcono.
• Izimila ze-Corneal (izingxenye zendandatho engaphakathi) shintsha ukwakheka kwe-cornea ukuze amalensi wokuxhumana alingane kangcono
• Ukuxhumanisa kwe-Corneal collagen ukwelashwa okubangela ukuthi i-cornea iqine. Ezimweni eziningi, kuvimbela isimo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu. Kungenzeka ukuthi kube khona kabusha i-cornea ngokulungiswa kombono we-laser.

Ezimweni eziningi, umbono ungalungiswa ngamalensi wokuxhumana aqinile avumela igesi.

Uma ukufakelwa kwe-corneal kuyadingeka, imiphumela ivame ukuba mihle kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, isikhathi sokutakula singaba side. Abantu abaningi basadinga amalensi okuxhumana ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-cornea ingancipha ize ifike lapho kuvela khona imbobo engxenyeni ezacile.

Kukhona ingozi yokwenqatshwa ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha kwe-cornea, kodwa ingozi iphansi kakhulu kunezinye izitho zomzimba.

Akufanele ube nokulungiswa kombono we-laser (njenge-LASIK) uma unezinga elithile le-keratoconus.Isimo sendawo seCorneal senziwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze kukhishwe abantu abanalesi simo.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ezinye izinqubo zokulungiswa kombono we-laser, njenge-PRK, zingaphepha kubantu abane-keratoconus emnene. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu kubantu abathole i-corneal collagen cross-linking.

Abantu abasha umbono wabo ongeke ulungiswe uye ku-20/20 ngezibuko kufanele bahlolwe ngudokotela wamehlo ojwayelene ne-keratoconus. Abazali abane-keratoconus kufanele bacabangele ukuthi izingane zabo zihlolwe lesi sifo kusukela eminyakeni yobudala eyi-10.

Ayikho indlela yokuvikela lesi simo. Abahlinzeki abaningi bezempilo bakholelwa ukuthi abantu kufanele bathathe izinyathelo zokulawula ukungezwani komzimba futhi bagweme ukugcoba amehlo abo.

Izinguquko zombono - keratoconus

• I-Cornea

I-Hernández-Quintela E, Sánchez-Huerta V, García-Albisua AM, Gulias-Cañizo R. Ukuhlolwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-keratoconus ne-ectasia. Ku: Azar DT, ed. Ukuhlinzwa Okukhanyayo. 3rd ed. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 12.

IHersh PS, Stulting RD, Muller D, Durrie DS, Rajpal RK; I-United States Crosslinking Study Group. Isilingo Somtholampilo sase-United States se-Multicenter seCorneal Collagen Crosslinking for Keratoconus Treatment. I-Ophthalmology. 2017; 124 (9): 1259-1270. I-PMID: 28495149 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28495149/.

UShukela J, uGarcia-Zalisnak DE. I-Keratoconus namanye ama-ectasias. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ama-eds. I-Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 4.18.