I-Amblyopia

I-Amblyopia ukulahlekelwa yikhono lokubona kahle ngeso elilodwa. Kubizwa nangokuthi "iso elvilaphayo." Kuyimbangela ejwayelekile kakhulu yezinkinga zombono ezinganeni.

I-Amblyopia yenzeka lapho indlela yezinzwa esuka esweni elilodwa iye ebuchosheni ingakhuli ngesikhathi sobuntwana. Le nkinga iba ngenxa yokuthi iso elingajwayelekile lithumela isithombe esingalungile ebuchosheni. Lokhu kunjalo nge-strabismus (amehlo awele). Kwezinye izinkinga zamehlo, isithombe esingalungile sithunyelwa ebuchosheni, lokhu kudida ubuchopho, futhi ubuchopho bufunde ukungasinaki isithombe esweni elibuthakathaka.

I-Strabismus iyimbangela evame kakhulu ye-amblyopia. Imvamisa kunomlando womndeni walesi simo.

Igama elithi "iso elvilaphayo" lisho i-amblyopia, evame ukwenzeka kanye ne-strabismus. Kodwa-ke, i-amblyopia ingenzeka ngaphandle kwe-strabismus. Futhi, abantu bangaba ne-strabismus ngaphandle kwe-amblyopia.

Ezinye izimbangela zifaka:

• Izinkinga zamehlo ezingane
• Ukubona kude, ukubona kude, noma i-astigmatism, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulu iso linye

Ku-strabismus, inkinga kuphela ngeso uqobo ukuthi likhonjwe ngendlela engafanele. Uma ukungaboni kahle kubangelwa inkinga nge-eyeball, efana ne-cataract, i-amblyopia isazodinga ukwelashwa, noma ngabe i-cataract isusiwe. I-Amblyopia ingahle ingakhuli uma womabili amehlo enokubona okulinganayo.

Izimpawu zalesi simo zifaka:

• Amehlo aphendukayo noma aphumayo
• Amehlo angaveli asebenze ndawonye
• Ukungakwazi ukwahlulela ukujula ngokufanele
• Ukungaboni kahle esweni elilodwa

Ezimweni eziningi, i-amblyopia ingatholakala ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele. Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile akudingeki kaningi.

Isinyathelo sokuqala kuzoba ukulungisa noma yisiphi isimo samehlo esidala ukungaboni kahle esweni le-amblyopic (njenge-cataract).

Izingane ezinephutha lokubuyisa (ukubona eduze, ukubona kude, noma i-astigmatism) zizodinga izingilazi.

Okulandelayo, kufakwa isichibi esweni elijwayelekile. Lokhu kuphoqa ubuchopho ukuthi buqaphele isithombe esweni nge-amblyopia. Kwesinye isikhathi, amaconsi asetshenziselwa ukufiphalisa umbono weso elijwayelekile esikhundleni sokubeka isichibi kuso. Amasu amasha asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bekhompyutha, ukukhombisa isithombe esihluke kancane esweni ngalinye. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umbono ophakathi kwamehlo uyalinganiswa.

Izingane ezinombono ongeke usalulama ngokuphelele, futhi lezo ezineso elilodwa elihle kuphela ngenxa yanoma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kufanele zigqoke izibuko. Lezi zibuko kufanele ziphihlike- futhi zikwazi ukumelana nokuklwebheka.

Izingane ezelashwa ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala engu-5 cishe zihlala zithola umbono osondele kokujwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, bangaqhubeka nokuba nezinkinga ngokubona okujulile.

Izinkinga zokubona unomphela zingavela uma ukwelashwa kubambezeleka. Izingane eziphathwe ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala eyi-10 zingalindela ukuthi umbono uzolulama kancane kuphela.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Izinkinga zemisipha yamehlo engadinga ukuhlinzwa okuningana
• Ukulahleka kombono okungapheli esweni elithintekile

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo noma i-ophthalmologist uma usola inkinga yombono enganeni encane.

Ukukhomba nokwelapha inkinga kusenesikhathi kuvimbela izingane ekubeni nokulahleka okungapheli kokubonwayo. Zonke izingane kufanele zihlolwe ngokuphelele iso okungenani kanye phakathi kweminyaka eyi-3 nengu-5.

Izindlela ezikhethekile zisetshenziselwa ukukala umbono enganeni esemncane kakhulu ukuthi ingakhuluma. Ochwepheshe abaningi bokunakekelwa kwamehlo bangenza lezi zindlela.

Iso elinobuvila; Ukulahleka kombono - i-amblyopia

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-acuity ebonakalayo
• Ama-Walleyes

U-Ellis GS, uPritchard C. Amblyopia. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ama-eds. I-Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 11.11.

IKraus CL, iCulican SM. Intuthuko entsha ekwelashweni kwe-amblyopia I: izindlela zokwelapha ze-binocular kanye nokwengezwa kwe-pharmacologic. B J Ophthalmol. I-2018; 102 (11): 1492-1496. PMID: 29777043 kushicilelwe.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29777043/.

U-Olitsky SE, uMarsh JD. Ukuphazamiseka kombono. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 639.

I-Repka MX. I-Amblyopia: izisekelo, imibuzo, kanye nokuphathwa okusebenzayo. Ku: ULambert SR, uLyons CJ, ama-eds. I-Pediatric Ophthalmology ne-Strabismus kaTaylor & Hoyt. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 73.

I-Yen MY. Ukwelashwa kwe-amblyopia: umbono omusha. I-Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2017; 7 (2): 59-61. I-PMID: 29018758 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29018758/.