I-retinitis pigmentosa

I-Retinitis pigmentosa yisifo samehlo lapho kukhona ukulimala kwe-retina. I-retina ungqimba lwezicubu ngemuva kweso langaphakathi. Lolu ungqimba luguqula izithombe ezilula zibe amasignali ezinzwa bese luzithumela ebuchosheni.

I-Retinitis pigmentosa ingasebenza emindenini. Lesi sifo singabangelwa ukukhubazeka okuningana kofuzo.

Amaseli alawula umbono wasebusuku (izinduku) angathinteka kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, amaseli wesigaxa se-retinal alimele kakhulu. Isibonakaliso esikhulu sesifo ukuba khona kwamadiphozi amnyama ku-retina.

Isici esiyinhloko sengozi umlando womndeni we-retinitis pigmentosa. Isimo esingajwayelekile esithinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-4 000 e-United States.

Izimpawu zivame ukuvela okokuqala ebuntwaneni. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga zombono ezinzima azivame ukukhula ngaphambi kokuba umuntu omdala.

• Ukwehla kombono ebusuku noma ekukhanyeni okuphansi. Izimpawu zokuqala zingabandakanya ukuba nesikhathi esinzima sokuhamba ebumnyameni.
• Ukulahleka kombono oseceleni (kwembali), okwenza "umbono wetonela."
• Ukulahleka kombono ophakathi nendawo (ezimweni eziphambili). Lokhu kuzothinta ikhono lokufunda.

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola i-retina:

• Umbono wombala
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-retina yi-ophthalmoscopy ngemuva kokuba abafundi sebenwetshiwe
• I-Fluorescein angiography
• Ingcindezi yangaphakathi
• Ukulinganiswa komsebenzi kagesi ku-retina (i-electroretinogram)
• Impendulo ye-reflex yabafundi
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Refraction
• Ukuthwebula izithombe
• Ukuhlolwa kombono oseceleni (ukuhlolwa kwenkambu ebonakalayo)
• Sika ukuhlolwa kwelambu
• Ubukhali obubukwayo

Akukho ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwalesi simo. Ukugqoka izibuko zelanga ukuvikela i-retina ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet kungasiza ekulondolozeni umbono.

Olunye ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukwelashwa ngama-antioxidants (njengamanani aphezulu wevithamini A palmitate) kungasinciphisa lesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, ukuthatha imithamo ephezulu kavithamini A kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu zesibindi. Inzuzo yokwelashwa kufanele ilinganiswe nobungozi esibindini.

Ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kuyaqhubeka ukuhlola ukwelashwa okusha kwe-retinitis pigmentosa, kufaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwe-DHA, eyi-omega-3 fatty acid.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokufakwa kwe-microchip kwi-retina esebenza njengekhamera yevidiyo encane kakhulu, kusezigabeni zokuqala zokukhula. Lezi zindlela zokwelashwa zingasiza ekwelapheni ubumpumputhe obuhambisana ne-RP nezinye izimo zamehlo ezibucayi.

Isazi sokubona singakusiza uzivumelanise nokulahleka kombono. Yenza ukuvakashelwa njalo kochwepheshe bokunakekelwa kwamehlo, okwazi ukubona i-cataract noma i-retinal swelling. Zombili lezi zinkinga zingelashwa.

Lesi sifo sizoqhubeka nokuthuthuka kancane. Ukungaboni ngokuphelele akuvamile.

Ukulahleka kombono kanye nendawo emaphakathi kuzokwenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Abantu abane-retinitis pigmentosa bavame ukuhlakulela i-cataract besebancane. Bangabuye bahlakulele ukuvuvukala kwe-retina (i-macular edema). I-cataract ingasuswa uma ifaka isandla ekulahlekelweni kombono.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma unezinkinga ngombono wasebusuku noma uba nezimpawu zalesi sifo.

Ukwelulekwa nokuhlolwa ngofuzo kungasiza ekutholeni ukuthi ngabe izingane zakho zisengozini yalesi sifo.

RP; Ukulahleka kombono - RP; Ukulahleka kombono ebusuku - RP; I-Rod Isigaxa sokukhubazeka; Ukulahleka kombono wokuzungeza - RP; Ubumpumputhe basebusuku

• Iso
• Ukuhlolwa kwesibani

UCioffi GA, uLiebmann JM. Izifo zohlelo olubonakalayo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 395.

ICukras CA, Zein WM, Caruso RC, iSieving PA. Ukuwohloka kwezitho zomzimba okuqhubekayo futhi 'okumile'. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ama-eds. I-Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 6.14.

UGregory-Evans K, Weleber RG, uPennesi ME. I-Retinitis pigmentosa kanye nokuphazamiseka okuhlangene. Ku: Schachat AP, Sadda SR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, abahleli. URitina kaRyan. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 42.

U-Olitisky SE, uMarsh JD. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-retina ne-vitreous. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 648.