Ukutheleleka kwendlala yamathe

Ukutheleleka kwendlala yesalivary kuthinta izindlala ezikhiqiza amathe (amathe). Ukutheleleka kungahle kube ngenxa yamagciwane noma amagciwane.

Kunezimbhangqwana ezi-3 zezindlala ezinkulu zamathe:

• Izindlala zeParotid - Lezi yizindlala ezimbili ezinkulu kakhulu. Elinye litholakala esihlathini ngasinye phezu komhlathi ophambi kwezindlebe. Ukuvuvukala okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zindlala kubizwa nge-parotitis, noma i-parotiditis.
• Izindlala ze-Submandibular - Lezi zindlala ezimbili zitholakala ngaphansi nje kwezinhlangothi zombili zomhlathi ongezansi futhi zithwala amathe ziye phansi komlomo ngaphansi kolimi.
• Izindlala ezingezansi - Lezi zindlala ezimbili zitholakala ngaphansi nje kwendawo engaphambili yomlomo.

Zonke izindlala zamathe azinalutho emlonyeni. Amathe angena emlonyeni ngemigudu evuleka emlonyeni ezindaweni ezahlukene.

Ukutheleleka kwendlala yamathe kuvamile ngandlela thile, futhi kungabuya kwabanye abantu.

Ukutheleleka ngegciwane, okufana nokugiga, ngokuvamile kuthinta izindlala zamathe. (Izimpumputhe zivame ukubandakanya i-parotid salivary gland). Kunamacala ambalwa namuhla ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kabanzi komuthi wokugoma weMMR.

Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane kuvame ukuba umphumela we:

• Ukuvinjelwa kwamatshe emigudu yamathe
• Ukuhlanzeka okungahambi kahle emlonyeni (inhlanzeko ngomlomo)
• Amanzi aphansi emzimbeni, imvamisa ngenkathi usesibhedlela
• Ukubhema
• Ukugula okungalapheki
• Izifo ezizimele

Izimpawu zifaka:

• Ukuthanda okungavamile, ukunambitheka okungcolile
• Ukwehla kwekhono lokuvula umlomo
• Umlomo owomile
• Imfiva
• Umlomo noma ubuso "bukhama" ubuhlungu, ikakhulukazi lapho udla
• Ububomvu ngaphesheya kohlangothi lobuso noma entanyeni ephezulu
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso (ikakhulukazi phambi kwezindlebe, ngaphansi komhlathi, noma phansi komlomo)

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo noma wamazinyo uzokwenza isivivinyo ukuze afune izindlala ezikhulisiwe. Ungase futhi ube nobomvu obudonsa bangene emlonyeni. Indlala ivame ukuba buhlungu.

I-CT scan, i-MRI scan, noma i-ultrasound kungenziwa uma umhlinzeki esola ithumba, noma efuna amatshe.

Umhlinzeki wakho angaphakamisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-mumps uma kubandakanye izindlala eziningi.

Kwezinye izimo, akukho ukwelashwa okudingekayo.

Ukwelashwa okuvela kumhlinzeki wakho kungafaka:

• Ama-antibiotic uma unomkhuhlane noma i-pus drainage, noma uma ukutheleleka kubangelwa amagciwane. Ama-antibiotic awasizi ukulwa nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
• Ukuhlinzwa noma ukufisa ukukhipha ithumba uma unalo.
• Inqubo entsha, ebizwa nge-sialoendoscopy, isebenzisa ikhamera nezinsimbi ezincane kakhulu ukuxilonga nokwelapha izifo kanye nezinye izinkinga ezidunjini zamathe.

Izinyathelo zokuzinakekela ongazithatha ekhaya ukusiza ekululameni zifaka:

• Zijwayeze ukuhlanzeka ngomlomo okuhle. Gcoba amazinyo akho bese uvunguza kahle okungenani kabili ngosuku. Lokhu kungasiza ekwelapheni futhi kuvimbele ukutheleleka ekusakazekeni.
• Hlanza umlomo wakho ngeziwasho zamanzi anosawoti afudumele (isipuni esisodwa uhhafu noma u-3 amagremu kasawoti enkomishini e-1 noma kumamililitha angu-240 wamanzi) ukunciphisa izinhlungu nokugcina umlomo umanzi.
• Ukusheshisa ukwelashwa, yeka ukubhema uma ubhema.
• Phuza amanzi amaningi bese usebenzisa amathonsi kalamula angenashukela ukukhulisa ukugeleza kwamathe nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala.
• Ukubhucunga indlala ngokushisa.
• Kusetshenziswa ukucindezela okufudumele endalweni evuthayo.

Ukutheleleka okuningi kwendlala yamathe kuyazimela noma kuyelapheka ngokwelashwa. Ezinye izifo zizobuya. Izinkinga azivamile.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ithumba lendlala yamathe
• Ukubuyela kokutheleleka
• Ukusabalala kokutheleleka (i-cellulitis, i-Ludwig angina)

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma une:

• Izimpawu zokutheleleka kwendlala yamathe
• Ukutheleleka kwezindlala zesalivary nezimpawu kuya ngokuya ziba zimbi

Thola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma une:

• Umkhuhlane omkhulu
• Ukuphefumula kanzima
• Izinkinga zokugwinya

Ezimweni eziningi, ukutheleleka kwendlala yamathe kungavinjelwa. Ukuhlanzeka okuhle ngomlomo kungavimbela ezinye izimo zokutheleleka ngamagciwane.

I-parotitis; I-Sialadenitis

• Izindlala zekhanda nezentamo

U-Elluru RG. I-Physiology yezindlala zamathe. Ku: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, ama-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 83.

UJackson NM, uMitchell JL, uWalvekar RR. Ukuphazamiseka kokuvuvukala kwezindlala zamathe. Ku: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, ama-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 85.