Yini i-melena, izimbangela eziyinhloko nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimbangela eziyisihlanu eziyinhloko ze-melena
• 1. Isilonda esiswini
• 2. Ama-varices we-Esophageal
• 3. I-Gastritis ne-esophagitis
• 4. Isifo seMallory-Weiss
• 5. Umdlavuza wesisu
• Yelashwa kanjani

UMelena yigama lezokwelapha elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ubumnyama obukhulu (njenge-tar-like) nezitulo ezinukayo, eziqukethe igazi eligayekile ekubunjweni kwazo. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwezimbungu luvame kakhulu kubantu abanezinhlobo ezithile zokopha ohlelweni lokugaya olungaphezulu, okungukuthi, esiswini noma esiswini. Lokhu kuvumela igazi ukuthi ligayeke kanye nokudla, kunikeze indle umbala omnyama kakhulu.

Noma nini lapho kutholakala ubukhona bezitokisi ezimnyama kakhulu ezingaba yi-melena, kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela wesisu noma udokotela ojwayelekile, ukuthola imbangela bese uqala ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu, ukunqanda ukopha nokugwema izinkinga ezinzima kakhulu, ezifana i-anemia, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi ngisho nokunganele ezithweni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba.

Izimbangela eziyisihlanu eziyinhloko ze-melena

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ukudala ukuvela kwe-melena yilezi:

1. Isilonda esiswini

Isilonda esiswini sifana nesilonda esivela odongeni lwesisu futhi singopha uma sicasulwe kakhulu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, futhi ngokuya ngenani legazi elikhishiwe, indle ingagcina iba mnyama kakhulu futhi inuka.

Imvamisa, isilonda sivame kakhulu kubantu abane-gastritis engapheli futhi, ngakho-ke, cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi sihambisana nezinye izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu obukhulu esiswini, obuba bucayi kakhulu ngemuva kokudla, isicanucanu esiqhubekayo nokuhlanza, ngokwesibonelo. Bheka ezinye izimpawu ezingakusiza ukukhomba isimo sesilonda esiswini.

Okufanele ngikwenze: lapho kusolwa izilonda, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxhumana nodokotela wezifo zesisu, ngoba kuyadingeka ukuthi ube ne-endoscopy ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Ngemuva kokuxilongwa, ukwelashwa kufaka ukwenza izinguquko ezithile ekudleni, kanye nokusebenzisa imithi enikezwe udokotela, engaba ama-antacids nabavikeli besisu.

2. Ama-varices we-Esophageal

Ama-varopha esophageal angenye imbangela ejwayelekile yokuvela kwe-melena. Le mithambo ye-varicose iqukethe ukunwebeka kwemithambo ethile esiswini, engagcina iqhume, ikhiphe igazi ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla okuthi, ngemuva kokudlula esiswini, lenze izitulo zibe mnyama kakhulu futhi zinuke.

Lolu hlobo lwemithambo ye-varicose luvame kakhulu kubantu abanezinkinga zesibindi, okwandisa ingcindezi emithanjeni yohlelo lokugaya ukudla, luye luyeke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimweni eziningi, ukugqashuka kwemithambo ye-varicose kwenzeka kubantu asebevele bazi ukuthi banalolu hlobo lwenguquko emqaleni, bexwayiswa ngengozi yokopha. Lapho bephuka, ngaphezu kwe-melena, imithambo ye-varicose ingadala ezinye izimpawu nezimpawu, njengokuhlanza ngegazi elibomvu elikhanyayo, i-pallor, ukukhathala ngokweqile kanye ne-pallor, ngokwesibonelo.

Okufanele ngikwenze: ukuqhekeka kwemithambo ye-varicose esimeni yisimo esiphuthumayo futhi, ngakho-ke, uma kukhona ukusola kubalulekile kakhulu ukuya ngokushesha esibhedlela ukuyoqala ukwelashwa okufanele, okungabandakanya ukuhlinzwa ukunqanda ukuphuma kwegazi. Abantu abanemithambo ye-varicose kufanele futhi balandele ngendlela efanele ukwelashwa okuqondiswe udokotela, ukuvimbela ukuthi bangaphuli. Ukuqonda kangcono ukuthi ziyini i-varices esophageal nokuthi ziphathwa kanjani.

3. I-Gastritis ne-esophagitis

I-Gastritis ukuvuvukala kwezindonga zesisu, njengoba ne-esophagitis ingukuvuvukala kwezindonga zomzimba. Yize, ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kuvuvukala kungabangeli ukopha, lapho kungelashwa kahle, zombili izindonga zingacasuka kakhulu futhi zigcine sezivuza kancane. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, lo muntu angahlangabezana ne-melena, engabuye ihambisane nobuhlungu besisu, isilungulela, ukuqaqamba nokuhlanza, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokudla.

Okufanele ngikwenze: abantu abane-gastritis noma i-esophagitis etholakele kufanele balandele ukwelashwa okuboniswe yi-gastroenterologist. Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona ukusola kwe-melena kubalulekile ukuxhumana nodokotela noma ukuya esibhedlela, ngoba ukuphuma kwegazi kungakhombisa nokuthi isilonda siyakhula, ngokwesibonelo, futhi kungadingeka ukuguqula ukwelashwa. Bheka ukuthi ukwelashwa kwesisu kungenziwa kanjani.

4. Isifo seMallory-Weiss

Lesi sifo singavela ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuhlanza okunamandla futhi senzeka lapho kuvela izigaxa ezincane emqaleni ngenxa yengcindezi eyeqile ezindongeni. Kulezi zimo, umuntu uvame ukuletha ngokuhlanza okugcina kuguquke kube ukuhlanza ngegazi nokukhathala ngokweqile.

Okufanele ngikwenze: uma kusolwa ukuthi uneMallory-Weiss syndrome kunconywa ukuthi uye esibhedlela ukumisa ukopha bese uqala ukusebenzisa imishanguzo ethile. Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka futhi ukulungisa ukulimala. Funda kabanzi mayelana nalesi sifo nokwelashwa kwaso.

5. Umdlavuza wesisu

Yize kunqabile kakhulu, umdlavuza wesisu nawo ungadala ukuvela kwe-melena, ngoba kubangela ukopha ezindongeni zesisu. Kodwa-ke, kuhlotshaniswa ne-melena, ezinye izimpawu nezimpawu nazo ziyavela, njengokuncipha, ukushona njalo, ukungathandi ukudla, ukuzwa isisu esigcwele ngaphandle kokudla nobuthakathaka obedlulele. Bheka ezinye izimpawu ezingakhombisa ukuba nomdlavuza wesisu.

Okufanele ngikwenze: noma yiliphi icala lomdlavuza osolwayo kufanele lihlolwe udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu, njengoba ngokushesha kutholakala, ukwelashwa kuzoba lula. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa kwenziwa nge-radiotherapy kanye ne-chemotherapy, futhi ukuhlinzwa kusengadingeka ukukhipha ingxenye ethintekile yesisu.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kuka-melena kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngembangela, kodwa-ke, cishe kuzo zonke izimo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya esibhedlela ukuyoqinisekisa ukopha nokukuvimba, ukuvimbela ukubonakala kwezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu, njenge-anemia noma ukwehluleka kwezitho ezimbalwa.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, udokotela uzohlola umlando womuntu ngamunye bese a-oda ezinye izivivinyo, ikakhulukazi i-endoscopy, ukuzama ukuthola imbangela, ngaleyo ndlela, aqondise kangcono uhlobo lwezokwelapha oludinga ukwenziwa.