Ukuhlukumezeka ebusweni

Ukuhlukumezeka ebusweni ukulimala ebusweni. Kungabandakanya amathambo obuso njengethambo lomhlathi eliphezulu (maxilla).

Ukulimala ebusweni kungathinta umhlathi ongaphezulu, umhlathi ophansi, isihlathi, ikhala, isokhethi yamehlo, noma isiphongo. Zingahle zidalwe ukuphoqa noma zibe umphumela wesilonda.

Izimbangela ezivamile zokulimala ebusweni zifaka:

• Ukushayisana kwezimoto nezithuthuthu
• Amanxeba
• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo
• Udlame

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Izinguquko kumuzwa ebusweni
• Ubuso obukhubazekile noma obungalingani noma amathambo obuso
• Kunzima ukuphefumula ngamakhala ngenxa yokuvuvukala nokopha
• Umbono ophindwe kabili
• Amazinyo alahlekile
• Ukuvuvukala noma ukulimaza eduze kwamehlo okungadala izinkinga zombono

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba, okungakhombisa:

• Ukopha okuphuma emakhaleni, emehlweni, noma emlonyeni
• Ukuvaleka kwamakhala
• Ukwephuka esikhunjeni (ukuqhekeka)
• Ukugquma ngamehlo noma ukunweba ibanga eliphakathi kwamehlo, okungasho ukulimala emathanjeni phakathi kwezisekelo zamehlo
• Izinguquko embonweni noma ekuhambeni kwamehlo
• Aqondaniswe kahle namazinyo aphezulu nangaphansi

Okulandelayo kungaphakamisa ukuphuka kwethambo:

• Imizwa engajwayelekile esihlathini
• Ukungahambi kahle kobuso okungazwakala ngokuthinta
• Ukunyakaza komhlathi ongaphezulu lapho ikhanda limile

Ukuhlolwa kwe-CT kwekhanda namathambo obuso kungenziwa.

Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa uma ukulimala kuvimbela ukusebenza okujwayelekile noma kubangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu.

Inhloso yokwelashwa uku:

• Lawula ukopha
• Dala i-airway ecacile
• Phatha ukuqhekeka bese ulungisa izingxenye zamathambo eziphukile
• Vimbela izibazi, uma kungenzeka
• Vimbela umbono ophindwe kabili wesikhathi eside noma amehlo acwile noma amathambo esihlathi
• Khipha okunye ukulimala

Ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha okukhulu uma umuntu ezinzile futhi engenakho ukuphuka kwentamo.

Iningi labantu lenza kahle kakhulu ngokwelashwa okufanele. Ukuhlinzwa okuningi kungadingeka ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kwezi-12 ukulungisa izinguquko ekubukekeni.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukopha
• Ubuso obungalingani
• Ukutheleleka
• Izinkinga zobuchopho nezesistimu
• Ubuntofontofo noma ubuthaka
• Ukulahleka kombono noma ukubona kabili

Iya egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo noma ushayele inombolo yendawo ephuthumayo (efana ne-911) uma ulimele kakhulu ebusweni bakho.

Bopha amabhande esihlalo ngenkathi ushayela.

Sebenzisa igiya lekhanda elivikelayo lapho wenza umsebenzi noma imisebenzi engalimaza ubuso.

Ukulimala kweMaxillofacial; Ukuhlukumezeka kwangaphakathi; Ukulimala ebusweni; Ukulimala kweLeFort

UKellman RM. Ukuhlukumezeka kweMaxillofacial. Ku: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, ama-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 23.

UMayersak RJ. Ukuhlukumezeka ebusweni. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 35.

INeligan PC, iBuck DW, ukulimala ebusweni. Ku: Neligan PC, Buck DW, ama-eds. Izinqubo Eziyinhloko Ekuhlinzekeni Ngeplastiki. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 9.