Indlebe barotrauma

I-barotrauma yendlebe ayithokozi endlebeni ngenxa yokungafani kwengcindezi phakathi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-eardrum. Kungabandakanya ukulimala endlebeni.

Umfutho womoya endlebeni emaphakathi uvame kakhulu ukucindezela komoya ngaphandle komzimba. Ishubhu le-eustachian ukuxhumana phakathi kwendlebe ephakathi nendawo nangemuva kwekhala nomphimbo ongaphezulu.

Ukugwinya noma ukuzamula kuvula ishubhu le-eustachian futhi kuvumela umoya ukuthi ungene ungene noma uphume endlebeni ephakathi. Lokhu kusiza ukulinganisa ingcindezi nhlangothi zombili zesigubhu sendlebe. Uma ishubhu le-eustachian livinjiwe, umfutho womoya endlebeni ephakathi uhlukile kunengcindezi engaphandle kwe-eardrum. Lokhu kungadala i-barotrauma.

Abantu abaningi bane-barotrauma ngesikhathi esithile. Inkinga ivame ukwenzeka ngokushintsha kokuphakama, njengokundiza, ukuhamba nge-scuba, noma ukushayela ezintabeni. Uma unekhala eliminyene elivela ku-allergies, imikhuhlane, noma ukutheleleka okuphezulu okuphefumulayo, kungenzeka ukuthi uthuthukise i-barotrauma.

Ukuvalwa kweshubhu le-eustachian nakho kungaba khona ngaphambi kokuzalwa (kokuzalwa). Kungabangelwa nokuvuvukala emphinjeni.

Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:

• Isiyezi
• Ukungakhululeki kwezindlebe noma ubuhlungu endlebeni eyodwa noma zombili
• Ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa (okuncane)
• Ukuzwela kokugcwala noma ukugcwala ezindlebeni

Ezinye izimpawu zingakhula uma isimo sibi kakhulu noma siqhubeka isikhathi eside, njenge:

• Ubuhlungu bendlebe
• Ukuzwa ingcindezi ezindlebeni (njengokungathi ngaphansi kwamanzi)
• Maphakathi nokulahlekelwa okukhulu kokuzwa
• Wakhala igazi

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwendlebe, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angabona ukuqhuma kwangaphandle okuncane noma ukudonsa kwangaphakathi kwe-eardrum. Uma isimo sinzima, kungaba negazi noma ukulimazeka ngemuva kwe-eardrum.

I-barotrauma enamandla ingabukeka ifana nokutheleleka kwendlebe.

Ukudambisa ubuhlungu bendlebe noma ukungaphatheki kahle, ungathatha izinyathelo zokuvula i-eustachian tube futhi unciphise ingcindezi, efana nale:

• Uhlafune ushingamu
• Adonse umoya, bese uwukhipha kahle ubambe amakhala uvale amakhala nomlomo uvaliwe
• Ukumunca uswidi
• Ekuseni

Lapho undiza, UNGALALI njengoba indiza ilungiselela ukwehla. Phinda izinyathelo ezifakwe kuhlu ukuvula ishubhu le-eustachian. Ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezincane, ukuncelisa noma ukuphuza isiphuzo kungasiza.

Abatshuzi be-Scuba kufanele behle futhi bakhuphuke kancane. Ukutshuza ngenkathi unenkinga yokungezwani komzimba noma isifo sokuphefumula kuyingozi. I-Barotrauma ingaba nzima kulezi zimo.

Uma izinyathelo zokuzinakekela zingakudambisi ukungakhululeki emahoreni ambalwa noma inkinga inkulu, kungadingeka ukuthi ubone umhlinzeki.

Ungadinga umuthi wokuqeda ukuminyana kwamakhala futhi uvumele ithubhu ye-eustachian ukuthi ivuleke. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ama-decongestants athathwe ngomlomo, noma ngesifutho sekhala
• Ama-steroid athathwe ngomlomo, noma ngesifutho sekhala

Ungadinga ama-antibiotic ukuvimbela noma ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwendlebe uma i-barotrauma inzima.

Kuyaqabukela, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi ukuvula ishubhu. Kule nqubo, ukusika okuhlinzekwayo kwenziwa eardrum ukuvumela ingcindezi ukuba ilingane futhi iketshezi ukukhipha (myringotomy).

Uma kufanele ushintshe ukuphakama kaningi noma ujwayele i-barotrauma, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlinzwe ukuze ubeke amashubhu kudramu yendlebe. Lokhu akuyona inketho ye-scuba diving.

I-Barotrauma ivame ukungabi nomdlavuza (i-benign) futhi iphendule ekuzinakekeleni. Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa cishe kuhlala kungokwesikhashana.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukutheleleka kwendlebe okunamandla
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa
• I-eardrum eqhekekile noma ebunjiwe
• I-Vertigo

Zama izinyathelo zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya kuqala. Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma ukungakhululeki kunganciphisi ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma une-barotrauma futhi kuvela izimpawu ezintsha, ikakhulukazi:

• Ukukhipha noma ukuphuma endlebeni
• Imfiva
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu bendlebe

Ungasebenzisa ama-decongestants ngamakhala (ifafaza noma ifomu lephilisi) ngaphambi kokushintsha kokuphakama. Zama ukugwema izinguquko eziphakeme ngenkathi unesifo esiphezulu sokuphefumula noma ukuhlaselwa ukungezwani komzimba.

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nokusebenzisa ama-decongestants uma uhlela ukushushumbisa.

I-Barotitis media; IBarotrauma; Ukuphuma kwezindlebe - i-barotrauma; Ubuhlungu bendlebe obuhlobene nengcindezi; Ukungasebenzi kweshubhu le-Eustachian - i-barotrauma; I-Barotitis; Indlebe khama

• I-anatomy yendlebe

U-Byyny RL, uShockley LW. Ukuntywila nge-Scuba kanye ne-dysbarism. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 135.

UVan Hoesen KB, uLang MA. Imithi yokuntywila. Ku: Auerbach PS, Cushing TA, Harris NS, eds. Imithi Yasehlane Lase-Auerbach. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 71.