I-teratoma ebulalayo ye-mediastinum

I-teratoma wuhlobo lomdlavuza oluqukethe eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezingqimba ezintathu zamaseli ezitholakala enganeni ekhulayo (umbungu). Lawa maseli abizwa ngokuthi ngamagciwane. I-teratoma uhlobo olulodwa lwe-tumor cell cell.

I-mediastinum itholakala ngaphakathi ngaphambili kwesifuba endaweni ehlukanisa amaphaphu. Inhliziyo, imithambo yegazi emikhulu, i-windpipe, i-thymus gland, ne-esophagus kutholakala lapho.

I-teratoma ebulalayo yangaphakathi kwenzeka kaningi emadodeni amasha aneminyaka engama-20 noma engama-30. Ama-teratomas amaningi amabi angasakazeka emzimbeni wonke, futhi asabalale ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa.

Umdlavuza wegazi uvame ukuhlotshaniswa nalesi sifo, kufaka phakathi:

• I-leukemia enamandla kakhulu (AML)
• I-Myelodysplastic syndromes (iqembu lezinkinga zomnkantsha)

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ingcindezi
• Khwehlela
• Ukukhathala
• Ikhono elilinganiselwe lokubekezelela ukuzivocavoca umzimba
• Ukuphelelwa umoya

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba abuze ngezimpawu. Ukuhlolwa kungaveza ukuvaleka kwemithambo engena maphakathi nesifuba ngenxa yengcindezi eyanda endaweni yesifuba.

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kusiza ukuxilonga isimila:

• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-CT, i-MRI, i-PET iskena isifuba, isisu, kanye ne-pelvis
• Ukucabanga kwenuzi
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola i-beta-HCG, i-alpha fetoprotein (AFP), kanye namazinga e-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
• I-Mediastinoscopy ene-biopsy

I-Chemotherapy isetshenziselwa ukwelapha isimila. Inhlanganisela yemithi (imvamisa i-cisplatin, etoposide, ne-bleomycin) isetshenziswa kakhulu.

Ngemuva kokuthi kuqedwe ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, kuthathwa futhi imishini yokuhlola i-CT ukubona ukuthi asikho yini isimila esisele. Ukuhlinzwa kunganconywa uma kunengozi yokuthi umdlavuza uzokhula ubuyele kuleyo ndawo noma uma kukhona umdlavuza oshiywe ngemuva.

Kunamaqembu amaningi okusekela atholakala kubantu abanomdlavuza. Xhumana ne-American Cancer Society - www.cancer.org.

Umbono uncike kusayizi wesimila nendawo nendawo kanye neminyaka yesiguli.

Umdlavuza ungasabalala emzimbeni wonke futhi kungahle kube nezinkinga zokuhlinzwa noma ezihlobene nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma unezimpawu ze-teratoma ebulalayo.

I-Dermoid cyst - ebulalayo; I-Nonseminomatous germ cell tumor - teratoma; I-teratoma engavuthiwe; Ama-GCT - i-teratoma; I-Teratoma - i-extragonadal

• Iskena se-Teratoma - MRI
• I-teratoma enobungozi

UCheng GS, uVarghese TK, ePaki DR. Izimila zangaphakathi kanye nama-cysts. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 83.

UPutnam JB. Amaphaphu, udonga lwesifuba, i-pleura, ne-mediastinum. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 57.