Umkhuhlane wesigodi

I-Valley fever ukutheleleka okwenzeka lapho izinhlamvu zefungus ICoccidioides immitis faka umzimba wakho ngamaphaphu.

I-Valley fever yisifo sofuba esivame ukubonakala ezindaweni eziwugwadule eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-United States, naseMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. Uyithola ngokuphefumulela ukhunta okuvela enhlabathini. Ukutheleleka kuqala emaphashini. Ngokuvamile kuthinta abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala.

I-Valley fever ingabizwa nangokuthi i-coccidioidomycosis.

Ukuhambela endaweni lapho kuvame ukubonakala ukhunta kuphakamisa ubungozi bakho balesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi uthuthukise ukutheleleka okungathi sína uma uhlala lapho kutholakala khona ukhunta futhi unamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka ngenxa yalokhu:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
• Umdlavuza
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• Imithi ye-Glucocorticoid (prednisone)
• Izimo zenhliziyo namaphaphu
• I-HIV / AIDS
• Ukufakelwa komzimba
• Ukukhulelwa (ikakhulukazi i-trimester yokuqala)

Abantu boMdabu baseMelika, base-Afrika noma basePhilippines bathinteka ngokungenakulinganiswa.

Iningi labantu abane-fever fever abanazo izimpawu. Abanye bangaba nezimpawu ezibandayo noma umkhuhlane noma izimpawu zenyumoniya. Uma izimpawu zivela, zivame ukuqala izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kwezingu-21 ngemuva kokuchayeka ku-fungus.

Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:

• Ukuvuvukala kweqakala, izinyawo nomlenze
• Ubuhlungu besifuba (buyahlukahluka kusuka kobumnene kuye kokubi)
• Ukukhwehlela, okungenzeka kukhiqize isikhwehlela esinegazi (isikhwehlela)
• Imfiva nobusuku ukujuluka
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ukuqina okuhlangene nobuhlungu noma ubuhlungu bemisipha
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla
• Izigaxa ezibuhlungu, ezibomvu ezinyaweni ezingezansi (i-erythema nodosum)

Imvamisa, ukutheleleka kusakazeka kusuka emaphashini kungena egazini ukufaka isikhumba, amathambo, amalunga, ama-lymph node, kanye nesistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi noma ezinye izitho. Lokhu kusabalala kubizwa ngokuthi yi-coccidioidomycosis esatshalalisiwe.

Abantu abanale fomu esabalele bangase bagule kakhulu. Izimpawu zingafaka futhi:

• Shintsha esimweni sengqondo
• Ama-lymph node akhulisiwe noma aqothulwayo
• Ukuvuvukala okuhlangene
• Izimpawu zamaphaphu ezinzima kakhulu
• Ukuqina kwentamo
• Ukuzwela ekukhanyeni
• Ukwehla kwesisindo

Izilonda zesikhumba ze-valley fever ngokuvamile ziwuphawu lwesifo esasakazekile (esisakazwayo). Ngokutheleleka okwande kakhulu, izilonda zesikhumba noma izilonda zivame ukubonakala ebusweni.

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba abuze ngezimpawu nomlando wokuhamba. Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngezinhlobo ezinzima zalesi sifo kufaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola ukutheleleka kwe-coccidioides (isikhunta esibangela i-Valley fever)
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Isiko lesikhohlela
• Isikhohlela smear (ukuhlolwa kwe-KOH)

Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngezindlela ezinzima noma ezisakazekile zokutheleleka kufaka:

• I-biopsy ye-lymph node, iphaphu, noma isibindi
• I-bone marrow biopsy
• I-Bronchoscopy ngokuhlanza
• Thepha umgogodla (ukubhoboza i-lumbar) ukukhipha i-meningitis

Uma unesistimu yomzimba yokuzivikela enempilo, lesi sifo sihlala siphela ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Umhlinzeki wakho angaphakamisa ukuphumula kombhede nokwelashwa kwezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kuze kube yilapho umkhuhlane wakho unyamalala.

Uma unamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, ungadinga ukwelashwa okulwa ne-antifungal nge-amphotericin B, i-fluconazole, noma i-itraconazole. I-Itraconazole yisidakamizwa esithandwayo kubantu abanezinhlungu ezihlangene noma zemisipha.

Kwesinye isikhathi kudingeka ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ingxenye engenwe yiphaphu (yesifo esingelapheki noma esibi).

Ukwenza kahle kwakho kuncike ohlotsheni lwesifo onaso nasempilweni yakho yonke.

Umphumela wesifo esibucayi kungenzeka ube muhle. Ngokwelashwa, umphumela uvame ukuba muhle nesifo esingelapheki noma esibi (yize kubuyela emuva). Abantu abanezifo ezisakazekile banamazinga aphezulu okufa.

Umkhuhlane wesigodi osakazekile ungadala:

• Ukuqoqwa kobomvu emaphashini (ithumba lamaphaphu)
• Ukuqhuma kwamaphaphu

Lezi zinkinga zinamathuba amaningi uma unesistimu yokuzivikela ebuthakathaka.

Biza i-aphoyintimenti nomhlinzeki wakho uma unezimpawu ze-fever fever noma uma isimo sakho singathuthuki ngokwelashwa.

Abantu abanezinkinga zokuzivikela komzimba (njenge-HIV / AIDS kanye nalabo abasebenzisa imishanguzo ecindezela amasosha omzimba) akufanele baye ezindaweni lapho kutholakala khona lesi sikhunta. Uma usuvele uhlala kulezi zindawo, ezinye izinyathelo ezingathathwa zifaka:

• Ukuvala amawindi ngesikhathi seziphepho zothuli
• Ukugwema imisebenzi ebandakanya ukuphatha inhlabathi, njengokulima

Thatha imithi yokuvikela njengokuyalelwa ngumhlinzeki wakho.

Umkhuhlane weSan Joaquin Valley; Coccidioidomycosis; Cocci; I-rheumatism yasogwadule

• ICoccidioidomycosis - i-x-ray yesifuba
• I-Pululemon nodule - ukubukwa kwangaphambili kwesifuba x-ray
• Kusatshalaliswe i-coccidioidomycosis
• Isikhunta

Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo iwebhusayithi. I-Valley fever (coccidioidomycosis). www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/coccidioidomycosis/index.html. Kubuyekezwe u-Okthoba 28, 2020. Kufinyelelwe kuDisemba 1, 2020.

Elewski BE, Hughey LC, Hunt KM, Hay RJ. Izifo zefungal. Ku: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, ama-eds. Isikhumba. Umhla wesi-4.IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 77.

UGalgiani JN. ICoccidioidomycosis (AmaCoccidioides izinhlobo). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 265.