Ukuphazamiseka okuphikisayo

Ukuphazamiseka okuphikisayo kuyindlela yokungalaleli, inzondo, nokuziphatha okuphambene nabaphathi.

Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazane. Ezinye izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi kuthinta izingane ezingama-20% ezifunda isikole. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lesi sibalo siphezulu ngenxa yokushintsha kwezincazelo zokuziphatha okujwayelekile kobuntwana. Kungenzeka futhi kube nokubandlulula ngokohlanga, amasiko nobulili.

Lokhu kuziphatha kuqala ngeminyaka engu-8. Kodwa-ke, kungaqala ngaphambi kweminyaka yasenkulisa. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kucatshangwa ukuthi kubangelwa inhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo, ezengqondo nezenhlalo.

Izimpawu zifaka:

• Empeleni ayilandeli izicelo zabantu abadala
• Ukuthukuthela nokubacasukela abanye
• Ukuphikisana nabantu abadala
• Usola abanye ngamaphutha abo
• Unabangani abambalwa noma akanabo noma ulahlekelwe abangane
• Usenkingeni njalo esikoleni
• Uyathukuthela
• Inenzondo noma ifuna ukuziphindiselela
• Iyathinta noma icasulwa kalula

Ukulingana nalesi sifo, iphethini kufanele ihlale okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha futhi kufanele ibe ngaphezu kokuziphatha okungalungile okwejwayelekile kwengane.

Iphethini yokuziphatha kufanele yehluke kuleyo yezinye izingane ezineminyaka efanayo nezinga lokukhula. Ukuziphatha kufanele kuholele ezinkingeni ezinkulu esikoleni noma emisebenzini yomphakathi.

Izingane ezinezimpawu zalesi sifo kufanele zihlolwe ngudokotela wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo. Ezinganeni nasebusheni, lezi zimo ezilandelayo zingadala izinkinga zokuziphatha ezifanayo futhi kufanele zithathwe njengamathuba:

• Izinkinga zokukhathazeka
• Ukunaka-ukusilela / ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo (ADHD)
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar
• Ukucindezeleka
• Izinkinga zokufunda
• Izinkinga zokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa

Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwengane ukukhuluma nochwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo ekwelashweni komuntu ngamunye futhi mhlawumbe komndeni. Abazali kufanele futhi bafunde ukuphatha indlela yokuziphatha kwengane.

Imithi futhi ingaba wusizo, ikakhulukazi uma isimilo senzeka njengengxenye yesinye isimo (njengokucindezeleka, ingqondo yengqondo yezingane, noma i-ADHD).

Ezinye izingane zisabela kahle ekwelashweni, kanti ezinye aziphenduli.

Ezimweni eziningi, izingane ezinokuphikiswa okuphikisayo ziphikisana nokukhula kokuziphatha zisencane noma sezikhulile. Kwezinye izimo, izingane zingakhula zibe nenkinga yokungalingani nabantu.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma unezinkinga mayelana nokuthuthuka kwengane yakho noma indlela eziphatha ngayo.

Ungaguquguquki ngemithetho nemiphumela ekhaya. Ungenzi izijeziso zibe nokhahlo noma zingahambelani.

Khombisa indlela efanele yokuziphatha kwengane yakho. Ukuhlukumeza nokunganakwa kwandisa amathuba okuthi lesi simo senzeke.

Iwebhusayithi yeAmerican Psychiatric Association. Ukuphazamiseka, ukulawula umfutho, nokuziphatha. Ku: I-American Psychiatric Association. Incwajana Yokuhlola Nezibalo Yezinkinga Zengqondo. Umhlaka 5. I-Arlington, VA: Ukushicilelwa Kwe-Psychiatric yaseMelika. 2013: 461-480.

UMOSER SE, uNetson KL. Izinkinga zokuziphatha ezinganeni nasebusheni. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ama-eds. Incwadi Yezokwelapha Yomndeni. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 23.

UWalter HJ, uDeMaso DR. Ukuphazamiseka, ukulawula umfutho, nokuziphatha. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 42.