Osteosarcoma

I-Osteosarcoma uhlobo olungajwayelekile kakhulu lomdlavuza wamathambo onomdlavuza ovame ukukhula entsheni. Kuvame ukwenzeka lapho osemusha ekhula ngokushesha.

I-Osteosarcoma ingumdlavuza ovame kakhulu wamathambo ezinganeni. Isilinganiso seminyaka yobudala ekuxilongweni sineminyaka engu-15. Abafana namantombazane banamathuba amaningi okuba nalesi sifo kuze kube sekufikeni kwentsha, lapho kwenzeka kaningi kubafana. I-Osteosarcoma nayo ivamile kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60.

Isizathu asaziwa. Kwezinye izimo, i-osteosarcoma isebenza emindenini. Okungenani isakhi sofuzo esisodwa sixhunyaniswe nengozi eyengeziwe. Lesi sakhi sibuye sihlotshaniswe ne-retinoblastoma yomndeni. Lo ngumdlavuza wamehlo owenzeka ezinganeni.

I-Osteosarcoma ijwayele ukwenzeka emathanjeni e:

• I-Shin (eduze kwedolo)
• Ithanga (eduze kwedolo)
• Ingalo ephezulu (eduze nehlombe)

I-Osteosarcoma yenzeka kakhulu emathanjeni amakhulu endaweni yamathambo ngezinga lokukhula okusheshayo. Noma kunjalo, kungenzeka kunoma yiliphi ithambo.

Uphawu lokuqala imvamisa ubuhlungu besifuba eduzane nejoyinti. Lesi sibonakaliso singanakwa ngenxa yezinye izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zobuhlungu obuhlangene.

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Ukuphuka kwamathambo (kungenzeka ngemuva kokunyakaza okujwayelekile)
• Umkhawulo wokunyakaza
• Ukuxhuga (uma isimila sisemlenzeni)
• Ubuhlungu lapho uphakamisa (uma isimila sisengalweni)
• Ubumnene, ukuvuvukala, noma ubomvu endaweni yesimila

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba abuze ngomlando nezimpawu zezokwelapha.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• I-Biopsy (ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa sokuxilongwa)
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Iskena amathambo ukubona ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele kwamanye amathambo
• Ukuxilongwa kwesifuba kwe-CT ukubona ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele emaphashini yini
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI
• Ukuskena kwe-PET
• I-X-ray

Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuqala ngemuva kokuthi kwenziwe i-biopsy ye-tumor.

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila, ngokuvamile kunikezwa i-chemotherapy. Lokhu kunganciphisa isimila futhi kwenze ukuhlinzwa kube lula. Kungabulala nanoma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asabalele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Ukuhlinzwa kusetshenziswa ngemuva kwe-chemotherapy ukususa noma yisiphi isimila esisele. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlinzwa kungasusa isimila ngenkathi kulondolozwa isitho esithintekile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa okugcina izitho zomzimba. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuhlinzwa okubandakanyeka kakhulu (ukunqunywa) kuyadingeka.

Unganciphisa ukucindezela kokugula ngokujoyina iqembu lokusekela umdlavuza.Ukwabelana nabanye abanokuhlangenwe nakho okuvamile nezinkinga kungasiza wena nomndeni wakho ukuthi ningazizwa ninodwa.

Uma isimila singakasakazeki siye emaphashini (i-pulmonary metastasis), amazinga okusinda isikhathi eside angcono. Uma umdlavuza ususabalele nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, umbono uba muncu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lisekhona ithuba lokwelashwa ngokwelashwa okusebenzayo.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukususwa kwezitho zomzimba
• Ukusabalala komdlavuza emaphashini
• Imiphumela emibi ye-chemotherapy

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma wena noma ingane yakho inezinhlungu eziqhubekayo zethambo, ubumnene, noma ukuvuvukala.

I-osteogenic sarcoma; Isigaxa samathambo - i-osteosarcoma

• I-X-ray
• I-osteogenic sarcoma - i-x-ray
• Ukuthenga i-sarcoma - x-ray
• Isigaxa samathambo

Anderson ME, Randall RL, Springfield DS, Gebhardt MC. Ama-Sarcomas amathambo. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, abahleli. I-Abeloff’s Clinical Oncology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014: isahluko 92.

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. I-Osteosarcoma ne-malignant fibrous histiocytoma yokwelashwa kwamathambo (PDQ) - inguqulo yezobuchwepheshe yezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/bone/hp/osteosarcoma-reatment-pdq. Kubuyekezwe ngoJuni 11, 2018. Kufinyelelwe ngoNovemba 12, 2018.