Ishadi lokukhula

Amashadi okukhula asetshenziselwa ukuqhathanisa ubude, isisindo, nosayizi wengane yakho uma iqhathaniswa nezingane zobudala obufanayo.

Amashadi okukhula angasiza wena nomhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukulandela ingane yakho njengoba ikhula. La mashadi anganikeza isexwayiso sokuqala sokuthi ingane yakho inenkinga yezokwelapha.

Amashadi okukhula athuthukiswa kusuka kulwazi olutholwe ngokulinganisa nokukala izinkulungwane zezingane. Kusuka kulezi zinombolo, kwasungulwa isisindo kanye nobude besilinganiso seminyaka ngayinye nobulili.

Imigqa noma amajika kumashadi okukhula atshela ukuthi zingaki ezinye izingane e-United States ezilinganisa inani elithile eminyakeni ethile. Isibonelo, isisindo kulayini we-50th percentile sisho ukuthi ingxenye eyodwa yezingane e-United States inesisindo esingaphezu kwaleyo nombolo nengxenye eyodwa yezingane isisindo esingaphansi.

YIKUPHI UKUKHULA OKUQHATHANISAYO

Umhlinzeki wengane yakho uzokala okulandelayo ngesikhathi sokuvakasha ngakunye kwengane enhle:

• Isisindo (kulinganiswa ngama-ounces namakhilogremu, noma amagremu namakhilogremu)
• Ukuphakama (kukalwa ngenkathi ulele ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu, futhi ngenkathi umile ezinganeni ezingaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engu-3)
• Isiyingi sekhanda, isilinganiso sosayizi wekhanda othathwe ngokusonga itheyiphu yokulinganisa ngemuva kwekhanda ngenhla kwamashiya

Kusukela eminyakeni emibili, inkomba yomzimba wengane (BMI) ingabalwa. Ukuphakama nesisindo kusetshenziselwa ukuthola i-BMI. Isilinganiso se-BMI singalinganisa amafutha omzimba wengane.

Isilinganiso ngasinye sengane yakho sibekwa eshadini lokukhula. Lezi zilinganiso bese ziqhathaniswa nebanga elijwayelekile (elijwayelekile) lezingane zobulili obufanayo nobudala obufanayo. Ishadi elifanayo lizosetshenziswa njengoba ingane yakho ikhula.

INDLELA YOKUQONDA ISHADI LOKUKHULA

Abazali abaningi bayakhathazeka uma befunda ukuthi ukuphakama, isisindo, noma usayizi wengane yabo kuncane kunokwabanye abantwana abaningi abalinganayo. Bakhathazekile ngokuthi ingane yabo izokwenza kahle yini esikoleni, noma ikwazi ukuqhubeka nemidlalo.

Ukufunda amaqiniso ambalwa abalulekile kungenza kube lula ngabazali ukuqonda ukuthi izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene zisho ukuthini:

• Amaphutha esilinganisweni angenzeka, ngokwesibonelo uma ingane igxuma esikalini.
• Isilinganiso esisodwa singahle singameli isithombe esikhulu. Isibonelo, ingane encane ingalahlekelwa isisindo ngemuva kokuphuma kohudo, kepha kungenzeka ibuye isisindo sayo ngemuva kokugula.
• Kukhona uhla olubanzi lwalokho okubhekwa njengokujwayelekile. Ngoba nje ingane yakho isesigabeni se-15th percentile ngesisindo (okusho ukuthi izingane ezingama-85 kwezingu-100 zinesisindo esingaphezulu), le nombolo kuyaqabukela isho ukuthi ingane yakho iyagula, awondli ingane yakho ngokwanele, noma ubisi lwakho lwebele alwanele ingane yakho.
• Izilinganiso zengane yakho azibikezeli ukuthi zizoba zinde, zibe mfushane, zikhuluphele, noma zizace njengomuntu omdala.

Olunye ushintsho eshadini lokukhula kwengane yakho lungakhathaza umhlinzeki wakho ngaphezu kwezinye:

• Lapho esinye sezilinganiso zengane yakho sihlala ngaphansi kwephesenti le-10 noma ngaphezulu kwephesenti lama-90 leminyaka yalo.
• Uma ikhanda likhula kancane kakhulu noma ngokushesha okukhulu lapho kukalwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Lapho ukulinganisa kwengane yakho kungahlali eduze kolayini owodwa kugrafu. Isibonelo, umhlinzeki angakhathazeka uma ingane enezinyanga ezi-6 ikwi-75th percentile, kepha bese idlulela ku-25th percentile ngezinyanga eziyi-9, futhi yehle ngisho nangaphansi ezinyangeni eziyi-12.

Ukukhula okungajwayelekile kumashadi okukhula kumane kuwuphawu lwenkinga engaba khona. Umhlinzeki wakho uzonquma ukuthi ngabe yinkinga yangempela yini kwezokwelapha, noma ukuthi ukukhula kwengane yakho kudinga nje ukubhekwa ngokucophelela.

Ukuphakama neshadi lesisindo

• Umjikelezo wekhanda
• Ukuphakama / ishadi lesisindo

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Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvinjelwa Kwezifo, Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sezibalo Zezempilo. Amashadi wokukhula we-CDC. www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/cdc_charts.htm. Kubuyekezwe uDisemba 7, 2016. Kufinyelelwe kuMashi 7, 2019.

UCooke DW, uDival SA, uRadovick S. Ukukhula okujwayelekile nokungajwayelekile ezinganeni. Ku: Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM, abahleli. Incwadi kaWilliams ye-Endocrinology. Umhlaka 13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 24.

UKimmel SR, uRatliff-Schaub K. Ukukhula nentuthuko. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ama-eds. Incwadi Yezokwelapha Yomndeni. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 22.