Umhlengikazi-umbelethisi oqinisekisiwe

UMLANDO WOKUSEBENZA

Umhlengikazi-umbelethisi usukela emuva ku-1925 e-United States. Uhlelo lokuqala lwalusebenzisa abahlengikazi ababhalisiwe bezempilo yomphakathi ababefundiswe eNgilandi. Laba bahlengikazi bahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zezempilo zomndeni, kanye nokubeletha nokunakekelwa kwezidingo, ezikhungweni zabahlengikazi ezintabeni zase-Appalachian. Uhlelo lokuqala lwabahlengikazi nababelethisi e-United States lwaqala ngo-1932.

Namuhla, zonke izinhlelo zabahlengikazi nababelethisi basemakolishi nasemanyuvesi. Iningi labahlengikazi ababelethisi liphothula ezingeni le-Master's degree. Lezi zinhlelo kumele zivunyelwe yi-American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) ukuze abathweswe iziqu bathathe i-National Certification Examination. Abafakizicelo bezinhlelo zabahlengikazi ababelethisi imvamisa kumele babe ngabahlengikazi ababhalisiwe futhi okungenani babe neminyaka engu-1 kuya kwengu-2 yesipiliyoni sobuhlengikazi.

Abahlengikazi ababelethisi benze ngcono izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo okuyisisekelo kwabesifazane abasezindaweni zasemakhaya nasemaphakathi nedolobha. INational Institute of Medicine yenze isincomo sokuthi abahlengikazi ababelethisi banikezwe iqhaza elikhulu ekulethweni kwezempilo yabesifazane.

Ucwaningo oluningi eminyakeni engama-20 kuya kwengama-30 edlule lukhombisile ukuthi abahlengikazi-ababelethisi bangaphatha ukunakekelwa okuningi kokubeletha (kufaka phakathi ukunakekelwa kokubeletha, ukubeletha kanye nokubeletha). Futhi bafanelekile ukuletha izidingo eziningi zokuhlela umndeni kanye nezidingo zabesifazane bayo yonke iminyaka. Abanye bangahlola futhi baphathe izifo ezivamile zabantu abadala, futhi.

Abahlengikazi ababelethisi basebenza nodokotela be-OB / GYN. Bangabonisana noma babhekise kwabanye abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezimweni ezingaphezu kwesipiliyoni sabo. Lezi zimo zingafaka ukukhulelwa okuyingozi kakhulu nokunakekelwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanesifo esingelapheki.

UKULINGANISWA KOKWENZA

Umhlengikazi-umbelethisi ufundisiwe futhi uqeqeshelwe ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo eziningi zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kwabesifazane nezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa. Imisebenzi eqinisekisiwe yomhlengikazi (i-CNM) ifaka:

• Ukuthatha umlando wezokwelapha, nokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba
• Uku-oda izivivinyo nezinqubo zaselebhu
• Ukuphatha ukwelashwa
• Ukwenza imisebenzi ekhuthaza impilo yabesifazane futhi inciphise izingozi zezempilo

Ama-CNM avunyelwe ngokusemthethweni ukubhala imiyalo kwezinye izifundazwe, kepha hhayi kwezinye.

IZILUNGISELELO ZOKWENZA

Ama-CNM asebenza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu kungabandakanya imikhuba yangasese, izinhlangano ezinakekela impilo (HMOs), izibhedlela, iminyango yezempilo, nezikhungo zokubelethisa. Ama-CNM ngokuvamile ahlinzeka ukunakekelwa kwabantu abangagcinwanga kahle ezindaweni zasemakhaya noma izilungiselelo zangaphakathi kwedolobha.

UKULAWULWA KOMSEBENZI

Ababelethisi abaqinisekisiwe balawulwa emazingeni ahlukene ama-2. Ukulayisense kwenzeka ezingeni likahulumeni futhi kungaphansi kwemithetho ethile yezwe. Njengabanye abahlengikazi abasebenza phambili, izidingo zelayisense zama-CNM zingahluka kusuka kuhulumeni kuya kwesinye.

Izitifiketi zenziwa ngenhlangano kazwelonke futhi zonke izifundazwe zinezidingo ezifanayo zamazinga wokuzikhokhela ochwepheshe. Abaqeqeshiwe kuphela bezinhlelo zabahlengikazi nababelethisi abagunyazwe yi-ACNM abafanelekile ukuthatha isivivinyo sesitifiketi esinikezwe yi-ACNM Certification Council, Inc.

Umbelethisi ongumhlengikazi; CNM

I-American College yabahlengikazi-Ababelethisi. Isitatimende Sesikhundla se-ACNM. Imfundo yokubelethisa / yokuNakekela nokuBelekisa e-United States. www.midwife.org/ACNM/files/ACNMLibraryData/UPLOADFILENAME/000000000077/Certified-Midwifery-and-Nurse-Midwifery-Education-and-Certification-MAR2016.pdf. Kubuyekezwe uMashi 2016. Kufinyelelwe ngoJulayi19, 2019.

UThorp JM, uLaughon SK. Izici zomtholampilo zabasebenzi abajwayelekile nabangajwayelekile. Ku: Resnik R, Lockwood CJ, Moore TR, Greene MF, Copel JA, Silver RM, abahleli. ICreasy neResnik's Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Izimiso kanye Nokuzijwayeza. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 43.