Imithi ethengiswayo

Ungathenga imithi eminingi yezinkinga ezincane esitolo ngaphandle kokuyalelwa ngudokotela (i-counter-the-counter).

Amathiphu abalulekile wokusebenzisa imishanguzo yokuthenga:

• Hlala ulandela izinkomba nezixwayiso eziphrintiwe. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuqala umuthi omusha.
• Yazi ukuthi uthathani. Bheka uhlu lwezithako bese ukhetha imikhiqizo enezinto ezimbalwa ezifakwe kuhlu.
• Yonke imithi iye ingasebenzi kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kufanele ishintshwe. Hlola usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umkhiqizo.
• Gcina imithi endaweni epholile, eyomile. Gcina yonke imithi lapho izingane zingafinyeleli khona.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisayo kufanele bakhulume nomhlinzeki wabo ngaphambi kokuthatha noma imuphi umuthi omusha.

Imithi ithinta izingane nabantu abadala ngokwehlukile. Abantu abakule minyaka yobudala kufanele banakekele ngokukhethekile lapho bedla imishanguzo yokuthenga.

Buza kumhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha umuthi ongawuzuzile uma:

• Izimpawu zakho zimbi kakhulu.
• Awuqinisekile ukuthi yini engalungile kuwe.
• Unenkinga yezokwelapha yesikhathi eside noma uthatha imithi kadokotela.

I-ACHES, IZINHLUNGU NEZIKHANDA ZAMAKHANDA

Imithi yezinhlungu ezithengiswa ekhawunteni ingasiza ngekhanda, ubuhlungu be-arthritis, ama-sprains, nezinye izinkinga ezincane ezihlangene nezicubu.

• I-Acetaminophen - Zama lo muthi kuqala ngobuhlungu bakho. UNGATHATHI ngaphezu kwama-gramu ama-3 (3,000 mg) nganoma yiluphi usuku olulodwa. Amanani amakhulu angalimaza isibindi sakho. Khumbula ukuthi amagremu ama-3 acishe afane namaphilisi we-6 eyengeziwe noma amaphilisi ayi-9 ajwayelekile.
• Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) - Ungathenga ama-NSAID, afana ne-ibuprofen ne-naproxen, ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela.

Yomibili le mithi ingaba nemiphumela emibi uma uyiphuza ngemithamo ephezulu noma isikhathi eside. Tshela umhlinzeki wakho uma uthatha le mithi kaningi ngesonto. Ungadinga ukuhlolwa ngemiphumela emibi.

IMFIVA

I-Acetaminophen (Tylenol) ne-ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) zisiza ekwehliseni umkhuhlane ezinganeni nakubantu abadala.

• Thatha i-acetaminophen njalo emahoreni amane kuya kwayisithupha.
• Thatha ibuprofen njalo emahoreni ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili. UNGAYisebenzisi ibuprofen ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.
• Yazi ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho unesisindo esingakanani ngaphambi kokunikeza le mithi.

I-Aspirin isebenza kahle kakhulu ekwelapheni umkhuhlane kubantu abadala. UNGAYINIKI i-aspirin ingane ngaphandle kwalapho umhlinzeki wengane yakho ekutshela ukuthi kulungile.

OBANDAYO, WOMBANGO OBUHLUNGU, AKHWELE

Imithi ebandayo ingazelapha izimpawu ezikwenza uzizwe ungcono, kepha ayiwufinyezi umkhuhlane. Ukuthatha izithako ze-zinc kungakapheli amahora angama-24 kuqale umkhuhlane kunganciphisa izimpawu nobude besifo.

QAPHELA: Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokunikeza ingane yakho noma yiluphi uhlobo lwemithi ebandayo yokuthenga, noma ngabe ibhalwe ukuthi yizingane.

Imithi yokukhwehlela:

• IGuaifenesin - Isiza ekuhlukaniseni amafinyila. Phuza uketshezi oluningi uma uphuza lo muthi.
• Izintambo zomphimbo weMenthol - Zithambisa "ukukitaza" emphinjeni (amaHholo, iRobitussin, neVicks).
• Imithi yokukhwehlela engamanzi ene-dextromethorphan - Icindezela isifiso sokukhwehlela (iBenylin, i-Delsym, i-Robitussin DM, i-Simply Cough, i-Vicks 44, nemikhiqizo yezitolo).

Ama-decongestants:

• Ama-decongestants asiza ukusula ikhala eligijimayo futhi akhulule ukudonsa kwangemva kokubeletha.
• Izifutho zamakhala ezicindezelayo zingasebenza ngokushesha okukhulu, kepha zingaba nomthelela omkhulu uma uzisebenzisa izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-3 kuye kwezingu-5. Izimpawu zakho zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu uma uqhubeka usebenzisa lezi zifafazi.
• Buza kumhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha ama-decongestants uma unenkinga yomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma yezindlala.
• Ama-decongestants omlomo - iPseudoephedrine (Contac Non-Drowsy, Sudafed, kanye nemikhiqizo yezitolo); i-phenylephrine (i-Sudafed PE nemikhiqizo yesitolo).
• Izifutho zamakhala eziqeda amandla - i-Oxymetazoline (i-Afrin, i-Neo-Synephrine Nighttime, i-Sinex Spray); i-phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine, amaphilisi we-Sinex).

Imithi yomphimbo obuhlungu:

• Ukufafaza ubuhlungu obuzwelayo - iDyclonine (Cepacol); i-phenol (i-Chloraseptic).
• Ama-Painkillers - i-Acetaminophen (iTylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve).
• Ama-candies aqinile afaka umphimbo - Ukumunca amaswidi noma umphimbo we-lozenges kungaduduza. Qaphelani ezinganeni ezincane ngenxa yengcuphe yokuklinya.

IZIMBANGELA

Amaphilisi e-antihistamine neziphuzo kusebenza kahle ekwelapheni izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.

• Ama-antihistamine angadala ubuthongo - iDiphenhydramine (iBenadryl); i-chlorpheniramine (i-Chlor-Trimeton); i-brompheniramine (i-Dimetapp), noma i-clemastine (iTavist)
• Ama-antihistamine adala ubuthongo obuncane noma angabikho nhlobo - iLoratadine (Alavert, Claritin, Dimetapp ND); i-fexofenadine (Allegra); i-cetirizine (Zyrtec)

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokunikeza imithi ebangela ukulala enganeni, ngoba ingakuthinta ukufunda. Zingathinta nokuqapha kubantu abadala.

Ungazama futhi:

• Amaconsi wamehlo - Thambisa noma uthambisa amehlo
• Isifutho sempumulo esivimbelayo - iCromolyn sodium (Nasalcrom), i-fluticasone (i-Flonase)

UKUQHUBEKA KWESisu

Imithi yohudo:

• Imithi ye-Antidiarrhea efana ne-loperamide (Imodium) - Le mithi yehlisa isenzo samathumbu futhi yehlise inani lokuhamba kwamathumbu.Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokuzithatha ngoba zingasibhebhethekisa isifo sohudo esibangelwa ukutheleleka.
• Imithi equkethe i-bismuth - Ingathathwa ngohudo oluncane (Kaopectate, Pepto-Bismol).
• Uketshezi lokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni - Ingasetshenziselwa ukuhuda okulinganiselayo futhi okunzima (Ama-Analyte noma amaPedialyte).

Imithi yokwenziwa isicanucanu nokuhlanza:

• Uketshezi namaphilisi okucasula esiswini - Kungasiza ngenkanuko encane nokuhlanza (i-Emetrol noma iPepto-Bismol)
• Uketshezi lokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni - Kungasetshenziswa ukufaka uketshezi oluvela ekuhlanzweni (Enfalyte noma i-Pedialyte)
• Imithi yokugula okunyakazayo - i-Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine); i-meclizine (i-Bonine, i-Antivert, i-Postafen, ne-Sea Legs)

IZIMPAHLA ZESIKHUMBA KANYE NOKUTHANDA

• Ama-antihistamine athathwe ngomlomo - Angasiza ngokulunywa noma uma unezinto ezingezwani nomzimba
• Ukhilimu we-Hydrocortisone - Ungasiza ngokuqubuka okuncane (ICortaid, Cortizone 10)
• Ama-antifungal okhilimu namafutha okugcoba - Kungasiza ngokuqubuka kwenabukeni nokuqubuka okubangelwa imvubelo (i-nystatin, i-miconazole, i-clotrimazole, ne-ketoconazole)

Imithi okumele ibe nayo ekhaya

• Izidakamizwa

UGarza I, uSchwedt TJ, uRobertson CE, uSmith JH. Ubuhlungu bekhanda nobunye ubuhlungu be-craniofacial. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 103.

IHabif TP. I-atopic dermatitis. Ku: Habif TP, ed. I-Clinical Dermatology: Umhlahlandlela Wombala Wokuxilongwa Nokwelapha. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 5.

UMazer-Amirshahi M, uWilson MD. Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kwesiguli sezingane. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 176.

USemrad CE. Sondela esigulini ngesifo sohudo kanye ne-malabsorption. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 131.