URetina

I-retina ungqimba lwezicubu oluzwela ukukhanya ngemuva kwenhlamvu yeso. Izithombe eziza ngeso leso zigxile kwi-retina. I-retina bese iguqula lezi zithombe zibe amasiginali kagesi bese izithumela emithanjeni ye-optic ziye ebuchosheni.

I-retina ivame ukubukeka ibomvu noma i-orange ngoba kunemithambo yegazi eminingi ngemuva kwayo. I-ophthalmoscope ivumela umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuthi abone ngomfundi nelensi yakho kwi-retina. Kwesinye isikhathi izithombe noma izikeni ezikhethekile ze-retina zingabonisa izinto umhlinzeki angaziboni ngokubheka i-retina nge-ophthalmoscope. Uma ezinye izinkinga zamehlo zivimba umbono womhlinzeki nge-retina, i-ultrasound ingasetshenziswa.

Noma ngubani ohlangabezana nalezi zinkinga zombono kufanele ahlolwe i-retinal:

• Izinguquko ekubukeni kombono
• Ukulahleka kombono wombala
• Ukukhanya kokukhanya noma okuntanta
• Umbono ohlanekezelwe (imigqa eqondile ibheka i-wavy)

• Iso

I-Schubert HD. Isakhiwo se-retina ye-neural. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ama-eds. I-Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 6.1.

Reh TA. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-retina. Ku: Schachat AP, Sadda SVR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, abahleli. URitina kaRyan. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 15.

UJanoff M, uCameron JD. Izifo zohlelo olubonakalayo. IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 423.