Imithi yokugoma lapho ukhulelwe: imiphi okufanele uyithathe futhi iyiphi engakwazi

-Delile

• Imishanguzo ekhonjisiwe ekukhulelweni
• Eminye imithi yokugoma
• Imigomo yokugomela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Eminye imithi yokugoma ingahlinzekwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngaphandle kwengozi kumama noma enganeni nokuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka ezifweni. Ezinye zikhonjiswa kuphela ezimweni ezikhethekile, okungukuthi, uma kwenzeka kuqubuka lesi sifo edolobheni lapho kuhlala khona lowesifazane, ngokwesibonelo.

Eminye imithi yokugoma yenziwe ngegciwane elincishisiwe, okungukuthi, elehlise ukusebenza futhi, ngakho-ke, alinconywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngoba lingabeka impilo yowesifazane okhulelwe nengane engcupheni. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokugonywa, owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele abonane nodokotela ababelethayo ukuze ahlole ukuthi angawuthola yini umuthi wokugoma ngaphandle kwengozi.

Imishanguzo ekhonjisiwe ekukhulelweni

Eminye imigomo ingathathwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngaphandle kwengozi yezinkinga kumama noma enganeni. Omunye wemithi yokugoma yilowo umkhuhlane, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe bayithathe, njengoba bethathwa njengeqembu eliyingozi ezinkingeni zegciwane. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe bathathe umuthi wokugoma ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwemikhankaso yokugoma, okuvame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sonyaka lapho kubhaliswa amacala amaningi omkhuhlane.

Ngaphezu komuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane, kubalulekile ukuthi abesifazane bathathe Umuthi wokugoma we-dTpa, okuyigciwane eliphindwe kathathu, elivikela isifo somphimbo, isifo sokuqina kwemihlathi kanye nokukhwehlela, noma dT, esivikela ekuphazamisekeni komkhuhlane onjenge-diphtheria ne-tetanus. Lo mgomo ubalulekile ngoba ngaphezu kokuvikela owesifazane okhulelwe, amasosha omzimba akhiqizwayo adluliselwa embungwini, aqinisekise ukuvikeleka kwengane ezinyangeni zokuqala zempilo ize ikwazi ukugoma. Inani lamanani okufanele linikezwe lincike emlandweni wokugoma kowesifazane, uma kwenzeka engakagonywa, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise imithamo emi-2 kusukela ngesonto lama-20 lokukhulelwa ngesikhawu senyanga eyodwa phakathi kwemithamo.

Umuthi wokugoma omelene I-hepatitis B kunconywa nabesifazane abakhulelwe abasengozini yokutheleleka ngegciwane elibhekele lesi sifo, futhi kunconywa ukuphathwa kwemithamo emithathu.

Uma owesifazane engazange agonywe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukuthi athole umuthi wokugoma ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, ukunciphisa ubungozi bokutheleleka.

Eminye imithi yokugoma

Eminye imithi yokugoma efakwe ohlwini ekhalendeni lokugoma ingalawulwa kuphela ezimweni ezikhethekile, okungukuthi, uma ngabe isifo sesibikiwe emndenini noma edolobheni ohlala kulo, ngokwesibonelo, ukugoma kunconywa ukuvikela bobabili umama nengane. Phakathi kwale mithi yokugoma kukhona:

• Umuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever, ovame ukuphikiswa ekukhulelweni, noma kunjalo ungalawulwa uma ingozi yokutheleleka inkulu kunethuba lemiphumela ehlobene nomuthi wokugoma;
• Gomela i-meningitis, enconywa kuphela uma kungaqubuka lesi sifo;
• Umuthi wokugoma we-Pneumococcal, okhonjiswa kuphela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abasengozini;
• Umuthi wokugomela i-Hepatitis A no-B, isilinganiso ngokweminyaka yowesifazane.

Ngenxa yokuthi le mithi yokugoma ingalawulwa kuphela ezimweni ezithile, ayitholakali ngohlelo lwe-Unified Health System, futhi owesifazane kufanele afune umtholampilo ozimele wokugoma ukuze agonywe.

Imigomo yokugomela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Eminye imithi yokugoma ayinconywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa njengoba le mithi yokugoma yenziwa ne-ejenti yokutheleleka encishisiwe, okungukuthi, ngomthamo wayo wokutheleleka onciphisiwe, ukuze amasosha omzimba kuphela aphendule futhi akhiqize amasosha omzimba alwa naleli gciwane. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobungozi bokudlulisela enganeni, kunconywa ukuthi le mithi yokugoma inganikezwa ukugwema izinkinga.

Imithi yokugomela ephikisiwe yilena:

• Igciwane elibuhlungu kathathu, elivikela isimungumungwane, imvukuzane nerubella;
• Umuthi wokugoma we-HPV;
• Umuthi wokugomela inkukhu / izinkukhu;
• Gonyela udenga.

Njengoba le mithi yokugoma ingenakwelashwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, isincomo ukuthi owesifazane ngaso sonke isikhathi agcine imithi yokugoma isesikhathini.

Yize le mithi yokugoma ingakhonjiswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ingahlinzekwa ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane nangesikhathi sokuncelisa, njengoba ingekho ingozi yokudlulisela enganeni ngobisi, ngaphandle komuthi wokugomela udenga, oqhubeka nokuphikiswa. kweqiniso lokuthi kusenezifundo zakamuva futhi eziqhubekayo ezihlobene nemiphumela yako futhi ubudlelwane bayo nokukhulelwa kuyadingeka.