Ubuthi be-sodium hypochlorite

I-sodium hypochlorite yikhemikhali evame ukutholakala kuma-bleach, izinto zokuhlanza amanzi nemikhiqizo yokuhlanza. I-sodium hypochlorite yikhemikhali ebabayo. Uma ixhumana nezicubu, ingadala ukulimala.

Ukugwinya i-sodium hypochlorite kungaholela ekufakeni ubuthi. Ukuphefumula umusi we-sodium hypochlorite nakho kungadala ubuthi, ikakhulukazi uma umkhiqizo uxutshwe ne-ammonia.

Lo mbhalo ungowolwazi kuphela. UNGAYisebenzisi ukwelapha noma ukuphatha ukuvezwa kobuthi uqobo. Uma wena noma umuntu onaye unokuchayeka, shayela inombolo yakho ephuthumayo yasendaweni (njenge-911), noma isikhungo sendawo sakho sobuthi singafinyelelwa ngqo ngokushayela ucingo lwasimahla lwe-Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) kusuka noma yikuphi e-United States.

I-sodium hypochlorite

I-sodium hypochlorite itholakala ku:

• Amakhemikhali asetshenziselwa ukwengeza i-chlorine kumachibi okubhukuda
• Izibulala-magciwane
• Ezinye izixazululo zokuba mhlophe
• Abahlanza amanzi

Qaphela: Lolu hlu kungenzeka lungabandakanyi konke.

Ukuchelela (ihlanjululwe) i-sodium hypochlorite ngokuvamile kubangela ukucasuka kwesisu okuncane. Ukugwinya amanani amakhulu kungadala izimpawu ezimbi kakhulu. I-bleach yamandla ezimboni iqukethe ukugxila okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-sodium hypochlorite, engadala ukulimala kanzima.

UNGAZE uxube i-ammonia ne-sodium hypochlorite (i-bleach noma imikhiqizo equkethe i-bleach). Leli phutha elijwayelekile lasekhaya likhiqiza igesi enobuthi engadala izinkinga zokuminyaniswa nokuphefumula okukhulu.

Izimpawu zobuthi be-sodium hypochlorite zingafaka:

• Ukushisa, amehlo abomvu
• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• I-Coma (ukuntuleka kokuphendula)
• Ukukhwehlela (kusuka kumusi)
• I-Delirium (ukuyaluza nokudideka)
• Ukuzwa kokuvaleka
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi
• Ubuhlungu emlonyeni noma emphinjeni
• Ukusha okungenzeka ku-esophagus
• Ukucasulwa kwesikhumba kwendawo evuliwe, ukusha, noma ukushisa
• Ukushaqeka (umfutho wegazi ophansi ngokweqile)
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane
• Ubuhlungu besisu noma besisu
• Ukuvuvukala komqala, okuholela ekuphefumuleni kanzima
• Ukuhlanza

Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. UNGENZI umuntu ahlanze ngaphandle uma etshelwe yi-Poison Control noma uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Uma ikhemikhali lisesikhunjeni noma emehlweni, gxuma ngamanzi amaningi okungenani imizuzu eyi-15.

Uma ikhemikhali ligwinyiwe, mnike ngokushesha lowo muntu amanzi noma ubisi, ngaphandle uma eyalelwe ngenye indlela ngumhlinzeki wezempilo. UNGANIKI amanzi noma ubisi uma umuntu enezimpawu (njengokuhlanza, ukudlikizela, noma ukwehla kwezinga lokuqapha) okwenza kube nzima ukugwinya.

Uma umuntu ephefumula ubuthi, msheshe umhambise emoyeni omusha.

Thola imininingwane elandelayo:

• Iminyaka yomuntu, isisindo, nesimo
• Igama lomkhiqizo (izithako namandla, uma kwaziwa)
• Isikhathi lapho yagwinywa khona
• Inani ligwinyiwe

Kodwa-ke, UNGALIBALI ukubiza usizo uma lolu lwazi lungatholakali ngokushesha.

Isikhungo sakho sendawo sokulawula ubuthi singafinyelelwa ngqo ngokushayela inombolo yocingo yamahhala kazwelonke (1-800-222-1222) kusuka noma yikuphi e-United States. Le nombolo yocingo kazwelonke izokuvumela ukuthi ukhulume nochwepheshe bokufaka ushevu. Bazokunikeza eminye imiyalelo.

Le yisevisi yamahhala futhi eyimfihlo. Zonke izikhungo zokulawula ubuthi e-United States zisebenzisa le nombolo kazwelonke. Kufanele ushaye uma unemibuzo mayelana nobuthi noma ukuvimbela ubuthi. Akudingeki ukuthi kube yisimo esiphuthumayo. Ungashayela nganoma yisiphi isizathu, amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngeviki.

Umuntu uzolaliswa esibhedlela. Umhlinzeki uzolinganisa futhi aqaphe izimpawu ezibalulekile zomuntu, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, izinga lokuphefumula, nomfutho wegazi. Izimpawu zizophathwa ngendlela efanele.

Umuntu angathola:

• Ukusekelwa kwe-Airway, kufaka phakathi i-oxygen, ishubhu lokuphefumula ngomlomo (intubation), nomshini wokuphefumula (umshini wokuphefumula)
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo
• Ikhamera ezansi nomphimbo (endoscopy) ukuze ubone ukusha emqaleni nasesiswini
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-CT noma okunye ukuskena kwe-imaging
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram, noma ukulandelwa kwenhliziyo)
• Uketshezi ngomthambo (IV)
• Imithi yokwelapha izimpawu

Qaphela: Amalahle enziwe awelaphi kahle (adsorb) sodium hypochlorite.

Ukuze kuvezwe isikhumba, ukwelashwa kungafaka:

• Ukunisela (ukugeza isikhumba), mhlawumbe njalo emahoreni ambalwa izinsuku ezimbalwa
• Ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwesikhumba esishisiwe (ukukhishwa kwesikhumba)
• Dlulisela esibhedlela esikhethekile ekunakekelweni kokusha

Umuntu kungadingeka ukuthi angeniswe esibhedlela ukuze aqhubeke nokwelashwa. Ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka uma i-esophagus, isisu, noma amathumbu kunezimbobo (i-perforations) evela ku-asidi.

Ukugwinya, ukuhogela, noma ukuthinta i-bleach yasendlini ngeke kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga ezinzima kakhulu zingenzeka nge-industrial-amandla bleach, noma ekuxubeni i-bleach ne-ammonia.

Ukuthi umuntu wenza kahle kangakanani kuncike enanini likashevu agwinyiwe nokuthi ukwelashwa kutholakale ngokushesha kangakanani. Ngokushesha lapho umuntu ethola usizo lwezempilo, aba maningi amathuba okuba alulame.

Ngaphandle kokwelashwa ngokushesha, umonakalo omkhulu emlonyeni, emphinjeni, emehlweni, emaphashini, esophagus, ekhaleni nasesiswini kungenzeka, futhi kungaqhubeka ukwenzeka amasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokugwinywa kobuthi. Imigodi (ukugcotshwa) esiswini nasesiswini kungadala ukutheleleka okungathi sína esifubeni nasemigodini yesisu, okungaholela ekufeni.

I-Bleach; Clorox; Isixazululo seCarrel-Dakin

U-Aronson JK. I-sodium hypochlorite ne-hypochlorous acid. Ku: Aronson JK, ed. Imiphumela emibi kaMeyler yezidakamizwa. Umhla ka-16. I-Waltham, MA: Elsevier; 2016: 418-420.

UHoyte C. Caustics. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 148.

ILabhulali Kazwelonke Yezokwelapha yase-U.S. Specialised Information Services, iwebhusayithi ye-Toxicology Data Network. I-sodium hypochlorite. toxnet.nlm.nih.gov. Kubuyekezwe ngoMashi 5, 2003. Kufinyelelwe ngoJanuwari 16, 2019.