Ukufakwa kwamanyikwe

Ukufakelwa kwamanyikwe ukuhlinzwa ukuze kufakwe amanyikwe enempilo avela kumnikeli kumuntu onesifo sikashukela. Ukufakelwa kwamanyikwe kunika umuntu ithuba lokuthi ayeke ukuthatha imijovo ye-insulin.

Ama-pancreas enempilo athathwa kumnikeli obhubhe ebuchosheni, kepha usekondlweni lokuphila. Ama-pancreas abanikeli kufanele afaniswe ngokucophelela nomuntu owamukelayo. Ama-pancreas enempilo ahanjiswa ngesisombululo esipholile esigcina isitho amahora afinyelela kwayi-20.

Ama-pancreas anesifo somuntu awasuswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ama-pancreas abanikeli ngokuvamile abekwa engxenyeni engezansi engezansi yesisu somuntu. Imithambo yegazi evela kumanyikwe amasha inamathiselwe emithanjeni yegazi yomuntu. I-donor duodenum (ingxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane ngemuva kwesisu) inamathiselwe emathunjini omuntu noma esinyeni.

Ukuhlinzwa kokufakelwa kwamanyikwe kuthatha cishe amahora amathathu. Lo msebenzi uvame ukwenziwa ngasikhathi sinye njengokufakelwa kwezinso kubantu abanesifo sikashukela abanesifo sezinso. Umsebenzi ohlangene uthatha cishe amahora ayisithupha.

Ukufakelwa kwamanyikwe kungaphulukisa isifo sikashukela futhi kuqede nesidingo se-insulin shots. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezingozi ezihilelekile ekuhlinzweni, abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 abanakho ukufakelwa kwamanyikwe ngemuva nje kokuba betholakele.

Ukufakelwa kwamanyikwe akuvamile ukwenziwa wedwa. Kuvame ukwenziwa lapho umuntu onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 naye efuna ukufakelwa izinso.

Ama-pancreas enza into ebizwa nge-insulin. I-insulini ihambisa i-glucose, ushukela, isuse egazini iye emisipheni, emafutheni nakumaseli wesibindi, lapho ingasetshenziswa khona njengophethiloli.

Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, amanyikwe awenzi i-insulini eyanele, noma kwesinye isikhathi. Lokhu kubangela ukwakheka kweglucose egazini, okuholela ezingeni eliphakeme likashukela egazini. Ushukela wegazi ophakeme isikhathi eside ungadala izinkinga eziningi, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukunqunywa
• Isifo semithambo
• Ubumpumputhe
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukulimala kwezinso
• Ukulimala kwemizwa
• Unhlangothi

Ukuhlinzwa kokufakelwa kwamapancreas akuvamile ukwenziwa kubantu abane-:

• Umlando womdlavuza
• I-HIV / AIDS
• Ukutheleleka okufana ne-hepatitis, okubhekwa njengokusebenza
• Isifo samaphaphu
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Ezinye izifo zemithambo yegazi entanyeni nasemlenzeni
• Isifo senhliziyo esibi (njengokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, i-angina engalawulwa kahle, noma isifo somthambo esinamandla)
• Ukubhema, ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala noma izidakamizwa, noma eminye imikhuba yokuphila engalimaza isitho esisha

Ukufakelwa kwamanyikwe nakho akunconyiwe uma lowo muntu engeke akwazi ukuhambisana nokuvakashelwa okuningi okulandelwayo, izivivinyo, nemithi edingekayo ukugcina isitho esitshalwe kabusha siphilile.

Izingozi ze-anesthesia nokuhlinzwa ngokujwayelekile zifaka:

• Ukusabela emithini
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula

Izingozi zokufakelwa kwamanyikwe zihlanganisa:

• Ukuvala (thrombosis) kwemithambo noma imithambo yamanyikwe amasha
• Ukuthuthukiswa komdlavuza othile ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa
• Ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe (pancreatitis)
• Ukuvuza koketshezi kumanyikwe amasha lapho kunamathela khona emathunjini noma esinyeni
• Ukwenqatshwa kwamanyikwe amasha

Lapho nje udokotela wakho ekuthumela esikhungweni sokufakelwa kabusha, uzobonwa futhi uhlolwe yithimba lokufakelwa kabusha. Bazofuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ungumuntu olungele ukhetho lwamanyikwe kanye nokufakelwa kwezinso. Uzoba nokuvakashelwa okuningana emasontweni ambalwa noma ngisho nasezinyangeni. Uzodinga ukuthi udonswe igazi kuthathwe nama-x-ray.

Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngaphambi kwenqubo kufaka:

• Izicubu nokuthayipha kwegazi ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umzimba wakho ngeke uzenqabe izitho ezinikelwe
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba ukuhlola izifo
• Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo njenge-ECG, i-echocardiogram, noma i-catheterization yenhliziyo
• Uvivinyo lokubheka umdlavuza wokuqala

Uzophinde uthande ukucubungula isikhungo esisodwa noma eziningi zokufakelwa ukuze unqume ukuthi yikuphi okulungele wena:

• Buza isikhungo ukuthi zingaki ukufakelwa abakwenzayo minyaka yonke nokuthi zithini amazinga abo okusinda. Qhathanisa lezi zinombolo nalezo zezinye izikhungo zokufakelwa.
• Buza ngamaqembu okusekela abanakho nokuthi luhlobo luni lwamalungiselelo ohambo nezindlu abalunikezayo.

Uma iqembu lokufakelwa likholelwa ukuthi ungumuntu olungele ukhetho lwe-pancreas kanye nokufakelwa kwezinso, uzofakwa ohlwini lokulinda lukazwelonke. Indawo yakho ohlwini lokulinda isuselwa ezicini eziningi. Lezi zinto zibandakanya uhlobo lwezinkinga zezinso onazo kanye nethuba lokuthi ukufakelwa kabusha kuzophumelela.

Ngenkathi usalinde amanyikwe nezinso, landela lezi zinyathelo:

• Landela indlela odla ngayo iqembu lakho lokufakelwa.
• UNGABUPHUZI utshwala.
• UNGABHALI.
• Gcina isisindo sakho kubanga olunconyiwe. Landela uhlelo lokuzivocavoca olunconyiwe.
• Thatha yonke imithi njengokuyalelwa kwakho. Bika ushintsho emithini yakho nakunoma yiziphi izinkinga zezokwelapha ezintsha noma eziba zimbi eqenjini lokufakelwa kabusha.
• Landela ithimba lakho elijwayelekile lodokotela nokufakelwa kunoma yikuphi ukuqokwa okwenziwe.
• Qiniseka ukuthi iqembu lokufakelwa linezinombolo zocingo ezifanele ukuze bakwazi ukuxhumana nawe ngokushesha lapho kutholakala amanyikwe nezinso. Qiniseka, noma ngabe uyaphi, ukuthi ungaxhumana ngokushesha futhi kalula.
• Lungisa konke ngaphambi kokuya esibhedlela.

Uzodinga ukuhlala esibhedlela izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwezi-7 noma ngaphezulu. Ngemuva kokuya ekhaya, uzodinga ukulandelelwa okuseduze ngudokotela nokuhlolwa kwegazi njalo inyanga engu-1 kuya kwezi-2 noma ngaphezulu.

Ithimba lakho lokufakelwa lingakucela ukuthi uhlale eduze nesibhedlela izinyanga ezintathu zokuqala. Uzodinga ukuhlolwa njalo ngokuhlolwa kwegazi nokuhlolwa kwe-imaging iminyaka eminingi.

Uma ukufakelwa kuphumelela, ngeke usadinga ukuthatha ama-insulin shots, uhlole ushukela wegazi nsuku zonke, noma ulandele ukudla kwesifo sikashukela.

Kunobufakazi bokuthi izinkinga zesifo sikashukela, njenge-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela, kungenzeka zingabi zimbi kakhulu futhi zingathuthuka nangemva kokufakelwa i-pancreas-kidney.

Abantu abangaphezu kwama-95% basinda onyakeni wokuqala ngemuva kokufakelwa kwamanyikwe. Ukwenqatshwa komzimba kwenzeka cishe ku-1% wabantu unyaka nonyaka.

Kufanele uphuze imithi evimbela ukwenqatshwa kwamanyikwe nezinso okutshalwe kabusha impilo yakho yonke.

Ukufakelwa kabusha - amanyikwe; Ukufakelwa kabusha - amanyikwe

• Izindlala ze-Endocrine
• Ukufakwa kwamanyikwe - uchungechunge

Becker Y, Witkowski P.Ukufakelwa kabusha kwezinso namanyikwe. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa: Isisekelo Sebhayoloji Sokuzijwayeza Kwamanje Kokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 26.

UWitkowski P, uSolomina J, uMillis JM. Amapancreas kanye ne-islet allotransplantation. Ku: Yeo CJ, ed. Ukuhlinzwa kukaShackelford kwe-Alimentary Tract. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 104.