Ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho

Ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho kungukuhlinzwa okwelapha izinkinga ebuchosheni nasezakhiweni ezizungezile.

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, izinwele ezisencwadini yesikhumba sezinwele ziyaphuculwa futhi nendawo iyahlanzwa. Udokotela usika ngokuhlinzwa ekhanda. Indawo yalokhu kusika incike ekutheni inkinga ebuchosheni itholakala kuphi.

Udokotela ohlinzayo udala imbobo kugebhezi futhi asuse i-flap bone.

Uma kungenzeka, udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza umgodi omncane bese efaka ishubhu elinombane nekhamera ekugcineni. Lokhu kubizwa nge-endoscope. Ukuhlinzwa kuzokwenziwa ngamathuluzi abekwe nge-endoscope. I-MRI noma i-CT scan ingasiza ukuholela udokotela endaweni efanele ebuchosheni.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo anga:

• Sika i-aneurysm ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwegazi
• Susa isimila noma ucezu lwesimila ku-biopsy
• Susa izicubu zobuchopho ezingavamile
• Khipha igazi noma ukutheleleka
• Khulula imizwa
• Thatha isampula lezicubu zobuchopho ukusiza ukuxilonga izifo zesistimu yezinzwa

I-bone flap ivame ukubuyiselwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, kusetshenziswa amapuleti amancane ensimbi, ama-suture, noma izintambo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kobuchopho kubizwa nge-craniotomy.

Isigaxa samathambo kungenzeka singabuyiselwa emuva uma ukuhlinzwa kwakho kubandakanya isimila noma ukutheleleka, noma uma ubuchopho buvuvukile. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kobuchopho kubizwa nge-craniectomy. Isigaxa samathambo singabuyiselwa emuva ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okuzayo.

Isikhathi esithathwayo sokuhlinzwa sincike enkingeni elashwa.

Ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho kungenziwa uma une:

• Isigaxa sobuchopho
• Ukopha (ukopha) ebuchosheni
• Amahlule egazi (hematomas) ebuchosheni
• Ubuthakathaka emithanjeni yegazi (ukulungiswa kwe-aneurysm yobuchopho)
• Imithambo yegazi engajwayelekile ebuchosheni (ukungasebenzi kahle komzimba; i-AVM)
• Ukulimala kwezicubu ezimboze ubuchopho (isikhathi eside)
• Ukutheleleka ebuchosheni (amathumba obuchopho)
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu bezinhlungu noma ubuso (njenge-trigeminal neuralgia, noma i-tic douloureux)
• Ukuphuka kogebhezi
• Ingcindezi ebuchosheni ngemuva kokulimala noma isifo sohlangothi
• Isifo sokuwa
• Izifo ezithile zobuchopho (ezifana nesifo sikaParkinson) ezingasizwa ngedivayisi efakwe ngogesi
• I-Hydrocephalus (ukuvuvukala kobuchopho)

Izingozi ze-anesthesia nokuhlinzwa ngokujwayelekile yilezi:

• Ukusabela emithini
• Izinkinga ukuphefumula
• Ukopha, amahlule egazi, ukutheleleka

Izingozi ezingaba khona zokuhlinzwa kobuchopho yilezi:

• Izinkinga ngenkulumo, inkumbulo, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ibhalansi, umbono, ukuxhumana, neminye imisebenzi. Lezi zinkinga zingahlala isikhashana noma kungenzeka zingapheli.
• Ukuqina kwegazi noma ukopha ebuchosheni.
• Ukuquleka.
• Unhlangothi.
• I-Coma.
• Ukutheleleka ebuchosheni, enxebeni, noma kugebhezi.
• Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho.

Udokotela wakho uzokuhlola, futhi angayalela ukuhlolwa kwelabhoratri nemifanekiso.

Tshela udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi:

• Uma ungakhulelwa
• Yiziphi izidakamizwa oziphuzayo, ngisho nezidakamizwa, izithasiselo, amavithamini, noma amakhambi owathengile ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela
• Uma ngabe uphuze kakhulu utshwala
• Uma uthatha i-aspirin noma imishanguzo elwa nokuvuvukala efana ne-ibuprofen
• Uma une-allergies noma ukusabela emithini noma iodine

Phakathi nezinsuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa:

• Ungacelwa ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha i-aspirin, ibuprofen, i-warfarin (i-Coumadin) okwesikhashana, nanoma yimiphi eminye imithi yokuncipha kwegazi.
• Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yimiphi imishanguzo okufanele usayiphuza ngosuku lokuhlinzwa.
• Zama ukuyeka ukubhema. Ukubhema kunganciphisa ukuphulukiswa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwakho. Cela usizo kudokotela wakho.
• Udokotela wakho noma unesi angakucela ukuthi ugeze izinwele zakho ngeshampu ekhethekile ngobusuku obandulela ukuhlinzwa.

Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa:

• Cishe uzocelwa ukuthi ungaphuzi noma ungadli lutho amahora ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayi-12 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
• Thatha izidakamizwa udokotela wakho akutshele ukuthi uziphuze ngophuzo oluncane lwamanzi.
• Fika esibhedlela ngesikhathi.

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, uzobhekwa ngeso lokhozi yithimba lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi ubuchopho bakho busebenza kahle. Udokotela noma umhlengikazi angakubuza imibuzo, akukhanyisele isibani emehlweni, futhi akucele ukuthi wenze imisebenzi elula. Ungadinga umoya-mpilo izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Inhloko yombhede wakho izogcinwa iphakanyisiwe ukusiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kobuso noma ikhanda lakho. Ukuvuvukala kuyinto ejwayelekile ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Kuzonikezwa imithi yokudambisa izinhlungu.

Imvamisa uzohlala esibhedlela izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezi-7. Ungadinga ukwelashwa ngokomzimba (ukuvuselelwa).

Ngemuva kokuya ekhaya, landela noma imiphi imiyalo yokuzinakekela oyinikiwe.

Ukwenza kahle kangakanani ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kobuchopho kuncike esimweni esiphethwe, impilo yakho ejwayelekile, iyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho ebandakanyekayo, kanye nohlobo oluthile lokuhlinzwa.

I-Craniotomy; Ukuhlinzwa - ubuchopho; I-Neurosurgery; I-craniectomy; I-stereotactic craniotomy; I-stereotactic brain biopsy; I-endoscopic craniotomy

• Ukulungiswa kwe-aneurysm yobuchopho - ukukhipha
• Ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho - ukukhishwa
• Ukunakekela ukuqina kwemisipha noma ama-spasms
• Ukuxhumana nomuntu one-aphasia
• Ukuxhumana nomuntu one-dysarthria
• Isifo sokuwa kubantu abadala - okufanele ubuze udokotela wakho
• Isifo sokuwa ezinganeni - ukukhipha
• Isifo sokuwa ezinganeni - yini ongayibuza udokotela wakho
• Isithuthwane noma isithuthwane - ukukhipha
• Ukushaywa unhlangothi - ukukhishwa
• Izinkinga zokugwinya

• Ngaphambi nangemva kokulungiswa kwe-hematoma
• Craniotomy - uchungechunge

I-Ortega-Barnett J, Mohanty A, Desai SK, Patterson JT. I-Neurosurgery. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. ISabiston Incwadi Yokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 67.

UZada G, Attenello FJ, Pham M, Weiss MH. Ukuhlela kokuhlinzwa: ukubuka konke. Ku: Winn HR, ed. Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Youmans neWinn Neurological. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 18.