Ubuhlungu bekhanda

Ikhanda elibuhlungu libuhlungu noma ukungaphatheki kahle ekhanda, ekhanda, noma entanyeni. Izimbangela ezinkulu zekhanda azivamile. Iningi labantu abaphethwe yikhanda lingazizwa lingcono kakhulu ngokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila, ngokufunda izindlela zokuphumula, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngokuthatha imithi.

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwekhanda ikhanda lokungezwani. Kungenzeka ukuthi kubangelwe yimisipha eqinile emahlombe akho, entanyeni, esikhunjeni nasemhlathini. Ikhanda lokungezwani:

• Kungenzeka kuhlobene nengcindezi, ukudangala, ukukhathazeka, ukulimala ekhanda, noma ukubamba ikhanda nentamo ngendlela engavamile.
• Kuvame ukuba sezinhlangothini zombili zekhanda lakho. Imvamisa iqala ngemuva kwekhanda futhi isabalale iye phambili. Ubuhlungu bungazizwa buthuntu noma bucindezela, njengebhande eliqinile noma ububi. Amahlombe akho, intamo, noma umhlathi ungazizwa uqinile noma ubuhlungu.

Ikhanda le-migraine lihilela ubuhlungu obukhulu.Imvamisa kwenzeka ngezinye izimpawu, njengokushintshwa kombono, ukuzwela kuzwakale noma ukukhanya, noma isicanucanu. Nge-migraine:

• Ubuhlungu bungaba ukushaya, ukushaya, noma ukushaya. Kuvame ukuqala ohlangothini olulodwa lwekhanda lakho. Ingasakazeka nhlangothi zombili.
• Ikhanda lingase lihlotshaniswe ne-aura. Leli iqembu lezimpawu zokuxwayisa eziqala ngaphambi kwekhanda lakho. Ubuhlungu buvame ukuba bukhulu njengoba uzama ukuhambahamba.
• Imigraines ingahle idalwe ukudla, okufana noshokoledi, ushizi othile, noma i-monosodium glutamate (MSG). Ukuhoxa kwe-caffeine, ukungalali, notshwala nakho kungadala.

Ukuphindaphinda ikhanda yizinhlungu ezihlala zibuya. Imvamisa zivela ekusetshenzisweni ngokweqile kwemithi yezinhlungu. Ngalesi sizathu, lezi zinhlungu zekhanda zibizwa nangokuthi ikhanda lokusebenzisa ngokweqile umuthi. Abantu abathatha umuthi wezinhlungu ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezi-3 ngeviki njalo bangakhula lolu hlobo lwekhanda.

Ezinye izinhlobo zekhanda:

• Ikhanda le-Cluster liyikhanda elibukhali, elibuhlungu kakhulu elenzeka nsuku zonke, kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube izikhathi eziningana ngosuku izinyanga. Ngemuva kwalokho iyahamba amasonto kuya ezinyangeni. Kwabanye abantu, ikhanda aliphindanga labuya. Ikhanda elibuhlungu livame ukuhlala isikhathi esingaphansi kwehora. Kuvame ukwenzeka ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke.
• Ikhanda leSinus lidala izinhlungu ngaphambili kwekhanda nasebusweni. Kungenxa yokuvuvukala ezindimeni zesono ngemuva kwezihlathi, ikhala, namehlo. Ubuhlungu buba bubi kakhulu lapho ugobela phambili nalapho uqala ukuvuka ekuseni.
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda kungenzeka uma unomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, noma i-premenstrual syndrome.
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda ngenxa yokuphazamiseka okubizwa nge-temporal arteritis. Lo ngumthambo ovuvukile, ovuvukile onikeza igazi engxenyeni yekhanda, yethempeli, nentamo.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ikhanda elibuhlungu lingaba uphawu lwento ebucayi kakhulu, njenge:

• Ukopha endaweni phakathi kobuchopho nezicubu ezincane ezihlanganisa ubuchopho (i-subarachnoid hemorrhage)
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme kakhulu
• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho, njenge-meningitis noma i-encephalitis, noma ithumba
• Isigaxa sobuchopho
• Ukwakhiwa koketshezi ngaphakathi kogebhezi okuholela ekuvuvukeni kobuchopho (i-hydrocephalus)
• Ingcindezi eyakhiwe ngaphakathi kogebhezi olubonakala lukhona, kepha akusona isimila (pseudotumor cerebri)
• Ubuthi be-Carbon monoxide
• Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo ngesikhathi sokulala (i-apnea yokulala)
• Izinkinga ngemithambo yegazi nokopha ebuchosheni, njenge-arteriovenous malformation (AVM), i-aneurysm yobuchopho, noma isifo sohlangothi

Kunezinto ongazenza ukuphatha ikhanda ekhaya, ikakhulukazi i-migraines noma i-tension headache. Zama ukwelapha izimpawu ngokushesha.

Lapho izimpawu ze-migraine ziqala:

• Phuza amanzi ukuze ugweme ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi uma uhlanze.
• Phumula egumbini elinokuthula, elimnyama.
• Beka indwangu epholile ekhanda lakho.
• Sebenzisa noma iziphi izindlela zokuphumula ozifundile.

Idayari yekhanda ingakusiza ukukhomba okubangela ikhanda lakho. Uma uphathwa yikhanda, bhala phansi okulandelayo:

• Imini nesikhathi ubuhlungu baqala
• Okudlile nokuphuzile emahoreni angama-24 adlule
• Ulele kangakanani
• Obukwenza futhi ubukuphi lapho ubukhona khona ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ubuhlungu
• Laphela ikhanda isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi yini eyenze layeka

Buyekeza idayari yakho nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze ubone izimbangela noma iphethini ekhanda lakho. Lokhu kungakusiza wena nomhlinzeki wakho ukudala uhlelo lokwelashwa. Ukwazi izimbangela zakho kungakusiza ukuzigweme.

Umhlinzeki wakho kungenzeka ukuthi usevele unikeze umuthi wokwelapha uhlobo lwakho lwekhanda. Uma kunjalo, thatha umuthi njengoba uyalelwe.

Ukuze uthole ikhanda lokuhlukunyezwa, zama i-acetaminophen, i-aspirin, noma i-ibuprofen. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho uma uthatha imithi yezinhlungu izinsuku ezi-3 noma ngaphezulu ngesonto.

Ezinye izinhlungu zekhanda zingaba wuphawu lwesifo esibi kakhulu. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha nganoma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Leli yikhanda lokuqala oke waba nalo empilweni yakho futhi liphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.
• Ikhanda lakho livela ngokuzumayo futhi liqhume noma linodlame. Lolu hlobo lwekhanda ludinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Kungenzeka ngenxa yomthambo wegazi oqhekekile ebuchosheni. Shayela ku-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze.
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda lakho "kubi kakhulu," noma ngabe uhlala uphathwa yikhanda.
• Unenkulumo engacacile kahle, ushintsho kumbono, izinkinga zokuhambisa izingalo noma imilenze, ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi, ukudideka, noma ukulahleka kwememori ngekhanda lakho lekhanda.
• Ikhanda lakho liba libi ngaphezu kwamahora angama-24.
• Unomkhuhlane, intamo eqinile, isicanucanu, nokuhlanza ngekhanda lakho.
• Ikhanda lakho livela ngokulimala ekhanda.
• Ikhanda lakho linzima futhi liseso elilodwa, ngokubomvu kuleso leso.
• Usanda kuqala ukuphathwa yikhanda, ikakhulukazi uma umdala kuneminyaka engama-50.
• Ukuphathwa ikhanda lakho kuhlotshaniswa nezinkinga zombono, ubuhlungu ngenkathi uhlafuna, noma ukunciphisa isisindo.
• Unomlando wenkinga yomdlavuza noma yesistimu yomzimba (njenge-HIV / AIDS) bese uba nekhanda elisha.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzothatha umlando wezokwelapha futhi uzohlola ikhanda lakho, amehlo, izindlebe, ikhala, umphimbo, intamo, nohlelo lwezinzwa.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzobuza imibuzo eminingi ukuze afunde ngamakhanda akho. Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukususelwa kumlando wakho wezimpawu.

Ukuhlolwa kungafaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma ukubhoboza i-lumbar uma ungahle ube nokutheleleka
• Iskena se-Head CT noma i-MRI uma unezimpawu eziyingozi noma ubusuphethwe yikhanda isikhashana
• I-sinus x-ray
• I-CT noma i-MR angiography

Ubuhlungu - ikhanda; Ukuphindaphinda ikhanda; Imithi isebenzisa kabi ikhanda; Izidakamizwa zisebenzisa kabi ikhanda

• Ukuphathwa ikhanda - ukuthi yini okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

• Ubuchopho
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda

I-Digre KB. Ukuphathwa yikhanda nezinye izinhlungu ekhanda. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 370.

UGarza I, uSchwedt TJ, uRobertson CE, uSmith JH. Ubuhlungu bekhanda nobunye ubuhlungu be-craniofacial. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 103.

UHoffman J, Meyi A. Ukuxilongwa, i-pathophysiology, kanye nokuphathwa kwekhanda leqoqo. ILancet Neurol. 2018; 17 (1): 75-83. I-PMID: 29174963 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29174963.

UJensen RH. Ikhanda elinohlobo lokungezwani - ikhanda elijwayelekile nelidlange kakhulu. Ubuhlungu bekhanda. 2018; 58 (2): 339-345. I-PMID: 28295304 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28295304.

I-Rozental JM. Ikhanda elibuhlungu, uhlobo lwekhanda olungapheli, nezinye izinhlobo zekhanda ezingalapheki. Ku: Benzon HT, Raja SN, Liu SS, Fishman SM, Cohen SP, ama-eds. Okubalulekile Kwemithi Yezinhlungu. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 20.