Nystagmus

INystagmus igama elichaza ukunyakaza okusheshayo, okungalawuleki kwamehlo okungenzeka kube:

• Uhlangothi ngohlangothi (i-nystagmus evundlile)
• Phezulu nangaphansi (i-nystagmus emile)
• I-Rotary (i-rotary noma i-torsional nystagmus)

Ngokuya ngesizathu, lokhu kunyakaza kungaba semehlweni womabili noma esweni elilodwa nje.

INystagmus ingathinta umbono, ukulinganisela, nokuxhumana.

Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungazibandakanyi kwe-nystagmus kubangelwa umsebenzi ongajwayelekile ezindaweni zobuchopho ezilawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo. Ingxenye yendlebe yangaphakathi ezwa ukunyakaza nendawo (i-labyrinth) isiza ukulawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-nystagmus:

• I-Infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS) ikhona lapho izalwa (izalwa).
• I-nystagmus etholakalayo ikhula kamuva empilweni ngenxa yesifo noma ukulimala.

I-NYSTAGMUS ETHOLAKALA EKUZALWENI (i-infantile nystagmus syndrome, noma i-INS)

I-INS ivame ukuba mnene. Akubi kubi kakhulu, futhi akuhlobene nanoma yisiphi esinye isifo.

Abantu abanalesi simo imvamisa abakwazi ukunyakaza kwamehlo, kepha abanye abantu bangakubona. Uma ukunyakaza kukhulu, ubukhali bokubona (i-visual acuity) bungaba ngaphansi kuka-20/20. Ukuhlinzwa kungathuthukisa umbono.

I-Nystagmus ingabangelwa izifo ezizalwe nazo zeso. Yize lokhu kungavamile, udokotela wamehlo (ophthalmologist) kufanele ahlole noma iyiphi ingane ene-nystagmus ukubheka isifo samehlo.

I-NYSTAGMUS ETHOLAKALAYO

Isizathu esivame kakhulu se-nystagmus ezitholakalayo yimithi ethile noma imithi. I-Phenytoin (i-Dilantin) - umuthi wokuqeda isisu, utshwala obuningi, noma yimuphi umuthi wokudambisa umzimba ungaphazamisa umsebenzi we-labyrinth.

Ezinye izimbangela zifaka:

• Ukulimala ekhanda ezingozini zezimoto
• Ukuphazamiseka kwezindlebe kwangaphakathi njenge-labyrinthitis noma isifo se-Meniere
• Unhlangothi
• I-Thiamine noma i-vitamin B12

Noma yisiphi isifo sobuchopho, njenge-multiple sclerosis noma izicubu zobuchopho, singadala i-nystagmus uma izindawo ezilawula ukunyakaza kwamehlo zilimele.

Ungahle udinge ukwenza izinguquko ekhaya ukusiza ngesiyezi, izinkinga zokubona, noma ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lwezinzwa.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma unezimpawu ze-nystagmus noma ucabanga ukuthi ungaba nalesi simo.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzothatha umlando oqaphile futhi enze ukuhlolwa okuphelele komzimba, agxile ohlelweni lwezinzwa nakwindlebe yangaphakathi. Umhlinzeki angakucela ukuthi ugqoke izibuko ezikhulisa amehlo akho ngengxenye yokuhlolwa.

Ukuhlola i-nystagmus, umhlinzeki angasebenzisa inqubo elandelayo:

• Ujikeleza cishe imizuzwana engama-30, ume, bese uzama ukubuka into.
• Amehlo akho azoqala ahambe kancane aye kolunye uhlangothi, khona-ke azohamba ngokushesha aye kolunye uhlangothi.

Uma une-nystagmus ngenxa yesimo sempilo, lokhu kuhamba kwamehlo kuzoya ngesizathu.

Ungaba nokuhlolwa okulandelayo:

• I-CT scan yekhanda
• I-Electro-oculography: Indlela kagesi yokulinganisa ukunyakaza kwamehlo usebenzisa ama-electrode amancane
• I-MRI yekhanda
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Vestibular ngokuqopha ukunyakaza kwamehlo

Alukho ukwelashwa ezimweni eziningi ze-nystagmus yokuzalwa. Ukwelashwa kwe-nystagmus etholakele kuya ngesizathu. Kwezinye izimo, i-nystagmus ayikwazi ukuhlehliswa. Ezimweni ngenxa yemithi noma ukutheleleka, i-nystagmus ivame ukuhamba ngemuva kokuthi imbangela isibangcono.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza okubonakalayo kwabantu abane-syndrome ye-infantile nystagmus:

• Ama-Prism
• Ukuhlinzwa okufana ne-tenotomy
• Izindlela zokwelapha zezinsana ze-nystagmus

Emuva naphambili ukunyakaza kwamehlo; Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungazenzeli; Ukuhamba kwamehlo okusheshayo ngapha nangapha; Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungalawulwa; Ukunyakaza kwamehlo - okungalawuleki

• Ukwakheka kwamehlo kwangaphandle nangaphakathi

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UProudlock FA, uGottlob I. Nystagmus ebuntwaneni. Ku: ULambert SR, uLyons CJ, ama-eds. UTaylor noHoyt's Pediatric Ophthalmology kanye neStrabismus. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 89.

I-Quiros PA, Chang YAMI. I-Nyastagmus, ukungena kwe-saccadic, kanye ne-oscillations. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ama-eds. I-Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 9.19.