Iphunga - likhubazekile

Iphunga elonakele ukulahleka okuyingxenye noma okuphelele noma umbono ongajwayelekile womuzwa wephunga.

Ukulahleka kwephunga kungenzeka ngezimo ezivimbela umoya ukuthi ungafinyeleli kuma-receptors atholakala phezulu emakhaleni, noma ukulahleka noma ukulimala kuma-receptor receptors. Ukulahleka kwephunga akukubi, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kungaba uphawu lwesimo sesistimu yezinzwa.

Ukulahleka kwesikhashana komuzwa wokuhogela kuvamile ngemikhuhlane kanye nokungezwani komzimba namakhala, njenge-hay fever (i-allergen rhinitis). Kungenzeka ngemuva kokugula ngegciwane.

Ukulahleka okuthile kwephunga kwenzeka ngokuguga. Ezimweni eziningi, asikho isizathu esicacile, futhi ayikho indlela yokwelashwa.

Umuzwa wokuhogela uphinde uthuthukise ikhono lakho lokunambitha. Abantu abaningi abalahlekelwa umuzwa wokuhogela nabo bakhala ngokuthi balahlekelwa umuzwa wokunambitha. Iningi lisengakwazi ukusho phakathi kokunambitha okunosawoti, okumnandi, okumuncu, nokubabayo, okutholakala olimini. Bangase bangakwazi ukutshela phakathi kwamanye ama-flavour. Ezinye izinongo (ezifana nopelepele) zingathinta izinzwa zobuso. Ungase uzizwe kunokuba uzinuke.

Ukulahleka kwephunga kungabangelwa:

• Imithi eguqula noma yehlise ikhono lokuthola iphunga, njenge-amphetamines, i-estrogen, i-naphazoline, i-trifluoperazine, ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwama-decongestant acinene, i-reserpine, futhi mhlawumbe nemikhiqizo esekwe ku-zinc
• Ukuvaleka kwekhala ngenxa yama-polyps acinene, ukukhubazeka kwempumulo yamakhala, kanye nezicubu zamakhala
• Ukutheleleka emakhaleni, emphinjeni, noma esonweni
• Ukungezwani komzimba
• Izinkinga ze-Endocrine
• Ukuwohloka komqondo noma ezinye izinkinga zemizwa
• Ukushoda kokudla okunempilo
• Ukulimala kwekhanda noma ukuhlinzwa kwamakhala noma kwesono
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ekhanda noma ebusweni

Ukwelapha imbangela yenkinga kungahle kulungise umuzwa olahlekile wephunga. Ukwelashwa kungafaka:

• Ama-antihistamine (uma isimo singenxa yokungezwani komzimba)
• Izinguquko kwezokwelapha
• Ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa ukuvinjelwa
• Ukwelashwa kwezinye izifo

Gwema ukusebenzisa ama-decongestant amaningi emakhaleni, okungaholela ekucinaneni kwamakhala okuphindaphindiwe.

Uma ulahlekelwa umuzwa wakho wokuhogela, ungaba nezinguquko ekunambithekeni. Ukungeza ukudla okunongwe kakhulu ekudleni kwakho kungasiza ekuvuseleleni imizwa yokunambitha osenayo.

Thuthukisa ukuphepha kwakho ekhaya ngokusebenzisa imitshina ethwebula intuthu kanye lezinto ezisebenza ngogetsi kulokusebenzisa igesi. Ungahle ungakwazi ukuhogela igesi uma kukhona ukuvuza. Noma, faka okokusebenza okuthola umusi wegesi ekhaya. Abantu abanephunga elilahlekile kufanele babhale uma kuvulwa izinto zokudla ukuvimbela ukudla ukudla okonakele.

Akukho ukwelashwa kokulahlekelwa iphunga ngenxa yokuguga.

Uma ulahlekelwa iphunga ngenxa yokutheleleka okuphezulu okuphefumulayo kwakamuva, yiba nesineke. Umuzwa wephunga ungabuyela kokujwayelekile ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma:

• Ukulahleka kwephunga kuyaqhubeka noma kuya ngokuya kuba kubi.
• Unezinye izimpawu ezingachazeki.

Umhlinzeki uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba futhi abuze imibuzo ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nezimpawu zamanje. Imibuzo ingafaka:

• Yaqala nini le nkinga?
• Ngabe onke amaphunga athintekile noma amanye kuphela? Ngabe umuzwa wakho wokunambitha uthintekile?
• Ingabe unezimpawu ezibandayo noma zomzimba?
• Imiphi imithi oyiphuzayo?
• Unazo ezinye izimpawu?

Umhlinzeki uzobheka futhi azungeze ikhala lakho. Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Iskena se-CT
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI
• I-endoscopy yamakhala
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-nerve olfactory
• Ukuhlola iphunga

Uma ukulahleka kwephunga kubangelwa ikhala eligcwele (ukuminyana kwempumulo), kunganqunywa ama-decongestants noma ama-antihistamine.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zempumulo ehlanganisiwe zingafaka:

• I-vaporizer noma i-humidifier ingasiza ukugcina i-mucus ivulekile futhi ihamba.
• Kunganconywa izifutho noma amaphilisi e-steroid.
• Uvithamini A unganikezwa ngomlomo noma ngokudutshulwa.
• Izifutho ze-Nasal steroid zingabekwa.

Ukulahlekelwa iphunga; I-Anosmia; I-Hyposmia; Parosmia; Dysosmia

UBaloh RW, uJen JC. Iphunga nokunambitha. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 399.

ULeopold DA, uHolbrook EH. I-Physiology yokuqina. Ku: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, ama-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 39.