Ukungalingani kwamathumbu

Ukungalawulwa kwamathumbu ukulahleka kokulawulwa kwamathumbu, okwenza ukuthi udlule indle ngokungalindelekile. Lokhu kungahle kusuka kwesinye isikhathi kuvuza inani elincane lesitokisi kanye negesi edlulayo, ukungakwazi ukulawula ukuhamba kwamathumbu.

Ukungasebenzi komchamo kulapho ungakwazi ukulawula umchamo odlulayo. Akuhlanganisiwe kule ndatshana.

Kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu, abesifazane bavame ukuba nezinkinga ngokulawulwa kwamathumbu kaningi kunamadoda.

Izingane ezinenkinga yokuvuza ngenxa yezinkinga zokuqeqeshwa kwendlu yangasese noma ukuqunjelwa zingaba ne-encopresis.

I-rectum, i-anus, imisipha ye-pelvic, kanye nohlelo lwezinzwa kufanele kusebenze ndawonye ukulawula ukuhamba kwamathumbu. Uma kunenkinga nganoma yikuphi kwalokhu, kungadala ukungabambeki. Kumele futhi ukwazi ukubona futhi uphendule ekufuneni kokuba nokunyakaza kwamathumbu.

Abantu abaningi bazizwa benamahloni ngokungasebenzi kwamathumbu futhi kungenzeka bangatsheli abahlinzeki babo bezempilo. Kepha ukungezwani kungalashwa.Ngakho-ke kufanele utshele umhlinzeki wakho uma unezinkinga. Ukwelashwa okufanele kungasiza abantu abaningi ukuthi bathole ukulawula amathumbu abo. Ukuzivocavoca ukwenza izicubu zangasese nezomgogodla ziqine kungasiza amathumbu ukuthi asebenze kahle.

Izizathu zokuthi abantu bangangenwa ngamathumbu zifaka:

• Ukuqunjelwa okuqhubekayo (okungapheli). Lokhu kudala ukuthi imisipha namathumbu kunwebe futhi kube buthakathaka, okuholela kuhudo nasekuvuzeni kwendle.
• Impaction fecal. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuqunjelwa okungapheli. Lokhu kuholela esigaxeni sesitulo esivimba ingxenye yamathumbu amakhulu.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe-laxative.
• Colectomy noma ukuhlinzwa kwamathumbu.
• Ukungaboni ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuba nokunyakaza kwamathumbu.
• Izinkinga ezingokomzwelo.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwabesifazane, i-prostate, noma i-rectal.
• Ukulimala kwezicubu zangasese ngenxa yokubeletha (kwabesifazane).
• Ukulimala kwemithambo noma yemisipha (kusukela ekulimaleni, isimila noma imisebe).
• Uhudo olunamandla oludala ukuvuza.
• Ama-hemorrhoids amakhulu noma i-rectal prolapse.
• Ingcindezi yokuba sendaweni engajwayelekile.

Imvamisa, izinguquko ezilula zingasiza ukunciphisa ukungalingani kwamathumbu. Umhlinzeki wakho angaphakamisa eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zindlela zokwelapha.

Ukudla. Landelela ukudla okudlayo ukuze ubone ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini uhlobo lokudla oludala izinkinga. Ukudla okungaholela ekungalawuleki kwabanye abantu kufaka:

• Utshwala
• Ikhafeyini
• Imikhiqizo yobisi (kubantu abangakwazi ukugaya i-lactose, ushukela otholakala emikhiqizweni yobisi eminingi)
• Ukudla okunamafutha, okuthosiwe, noma okunamafutha
• Ukudla okubabayo
• Inyama ephulukisiwe noma ebhemayo
• Ama-sweeteners afana ne-fructose, i-mannitol, i-sorbitol, ne-xylitol

Umucu. Ukwengeza inqwaba ekudleni kwakho kunganciphisa isitulo esivulekile. Ukwandisa i-fiber:

• Yidla okusanhlamvu okuphelele. Hlela ama-gramu angama-30 we-fiber ngosuku. Funda amalebula okudla ukuze ubone ukuthi ingakanani ifayibha esezinkweni, okusanhlamvu nokunye ukudla.
• Sebenzisa imikhiqizo efana neMetamucil enohlobo lwefayibha ebizwa nge-psyllium, engeza inqwaba ezihlalweni.

Ukuqeqeshwa kwamathumbu nokuzivocavoca kwe-pelvic. Lezi zindlela zingakusiza ukuthi ulawule imisipha yakho ye-anal sphincter lapho unyakaza amathumbu. Umhlinzeki wakho angakukhombisa izivivinyo zokuqinisa iphansi le-pelvic nemisipha yangemuva. Ukuqeqeshwa kabusha kwamathumbu kuhilela ukuzama ukuba nokunyakaza kwamathumbu ngezikhathi ezithile zosuku.

Abanye abantu abakwazi ukusho uma sekuyisikhathi sokunyakaza kwamathumbu. Kwesinye isikhathi abakwazi ukuhamba kahle ngokwanele ukuthi bafike endlini yangasese ngokuphepha bebodwa. Laba bantu badinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Bangase bajwayele ukungayi endlini yangasese lapho sekuyisikhathi sokunyakaza kwamathumbu. Ukuvikela le nkinga, basize bafike ethoyilethi ngemuva kokudla nalapho bezizwa benesifiso. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi igumbi lokugezela liphephile futhi likhululekile.

Ukusebenzisa ama-pads akhethekile noma izingubo zangaphansi kungasiza umuntu ongakwazi ukuzibamba ukuthi azizwe ephephile lapho ehamba ekhaya. Ungayithola le mikhiqizo emakhemisi nakwezinye izitolo eziningi.

UKUHLINZA

Uma ukwelashwa kungasebenzi, ukuhlinzwa kungasiza ukulungisa inkinga. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinqubo. Ukukhethwa kokuhlinzwa kususelwa embangela yokungangeneki kanye nempilo yomuntu jikelele.

Ukulungisa i-Rectal sphincter. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungasiza abantu indandatho yabo yemisipha yangemuva (sphincter) engasebenzi kahle ngenxa yokulimala noma ukuguga. Imisipha yangemuva iboshelwe ukuqinisa i-sphincter futhi isize indunu ivaleke ngokuphelele.

Ukufakelwa kwemisipha ye-Gracilis. Kubantu abalahlekelwe ukusebenza kwe-nerve ku-anal sphincter, ukufakelwa kwemisipha ye-gracilis kungasiza. Imisipha ye-gracilis ithathwe ethangeni elingaphakathi. Ifakwa ezungeze i-sphincter ukusiza ukuqinisa imisipha ye-sphincter.

I-sphincter yamathumbu okufakelwa. I-sphincter yokufakelwa iqukethe izingxenye ezi-3: isikhwama esilingana nezungeze ingquza, ibhaluni elilawula ingcindezi, kanye nepompo eligcwalisa ikhafu.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, i-sphincter yokufakelwa ibekwa ezungeze i-rectal sphincter. Ikhefu lihlala likhuphukele ukugcina izwekazi. Unokunyakaza kwamathumbu ngokuchofoza ikhafu. Ikhokho izofaka kabusha ngokuzenzakalela emizuzwini eyi-10.

Isikhuthazi sezinzwa ze-Sacral. Idivayisi ingafakwa ngaphakathi komzimba ukuvuselela izinzwa ezigcina izwekazi.

Ukuphambukisa indle. Kwesinye isikhathi, le nqubo yenziwa kubantu abangasizwa ngezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Amathumbu amakhulu anamathiselwe embobeni esiswini ebizwa nge-colostomy. Indle idlula ngalokhu kuvulwa isikhwama esikhethekile. Uzodinga ukusebenzisa isikhwama se-colostomy ukuqoqa indle isikhathi esiningi.

Ukwelashwa ngomjovo. Le nqubo ifaka i-gel ejiyile (Solesta) kwi-anal sphincter ukuyikhulisa.

Uma ukwelashwa kungakususi ukungasebenzi kwamathumbu, ungasebenzisa amadivayisi akhethekile okuqoqa indle ukuqukatha indle nokuvikela isikhumba sakho ekonakaleni. Le mishini inesikhwama esikhiphekayo esixhunywe ku-wafer enamathelayo. Isicucu sinembobo enqamule phakathi nendawo, elingana nokuvuleka kwendunu.

Bika noma yiziphi izinkinga ngokungavumelani nomhlinzeki wakho. Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Ingane eqeqeshelwe ukuya ngasendlini ayinakho ukungabambeki kwendle
• Umuntu omdala une-stool incontinence
• Unokucasuka kwesikhumba noma izilonda ngenxa yokungasebenzi kwamathumbu
• Unesifo sohudo esibi

Umhlinzeki wakho uzothatha umlando wakho wezokwelapha. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela umhlinzeki wakho ngayo yonke imishanguzo kadokotela oyisebenzisayo nangemithi oyithenga. Ukuthatha ama-antacids noma i-laxatives kungadala ukungasebenzi kwamathumbu, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzokwenza nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, egxile endaweni yakho yesisu kanye nakuxande. Umhlinzeki wakho uzofaka umunwe othanjisiwe engxenyeni yakho ukuze ahlole ithoni ye-sphincter nezimpawu zangasese, futhi afune noma yiziphi izinkinga.

Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga kungafaka:

• I-Barium enema
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Colonoscopy
• I-Electromyography (EMG)
• I-Rectal noma i-pelvic ultrasound
• Isiko le-Stool
• Ukuhlolwa kwethoni ye-anal sphincter (i-anal manometry)
• Inqubo ye-X-ray isebenzisa udayi okhethekile ukuhlola ukuthi izinkontileka ze-sphincter (ibhaluni sphincterogram) zisebenza kahle kangakanani
• Inqubo ye-X-ray isebenzisa udayi okhethekile ukubona amathumbu ngenkathi unyakaza amathumbu (defecography)

Ukudlula okungalawuleki kwendle; Ukulahlekelwa kokulawulwa kwamathumbu; Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba; Incontinence - amathumbu

• Ukuvimbela izilonda zengcindezi

• Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla
• I-sphincter yokufakelwa engenayo

UMadoff RD. Izifo ze-rectum ne-anus. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 145.

I-Rao SSC. Ukungavumelani kwe-Fecal. Ku: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, ama-eds. ISleisenger neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: IPathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 18.