I-MRI

Iskena se-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) isivivinyo semifanekiso esisebenzisa ozibuthe abanamandla namagagasi omsakazo ukudala izithombe zomzimba. Ayisebenzisi imisebe ye-ionizing (x-ray).

Izithombe ezi-Single ze-MRI zibizwa ngokuthi izingcezu. Izithombe zingagcinwa kukhompyutha noma ziphrintwe kwifilimu. Isivivinyo esisodwa singaveza izinkulungwane zezithombe.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-MRI zifaka:

• I-MRI yesisu
• I-MRI yesibeletho
• I-MRI yesifuba
• I-Cranial MRI
• Inhliziyo MRI
• I-Lumbar MRI
• I-MRI yethambo
• I-MRA (MR Angiography)
• I-MRV (MR Venography)

Ungacelwa ukuthi ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela noma okokugqoka ngaphandle koziphu noma izifinyezo (njengezikibha zokujuluka nesikibha). Izinhlobo ezithile zensimbi zingadala izithombe ezifiphele.

Uzolala etafuleni elincane, elingena kuskena esikhulu esime njengomhubhe.

Ezinye izivivinyo zidinga udayi okhethekile (umehluko). Isikhathi esiningi, udayi uzonikezwa nge-vein (IV) esesandleni sakho noma engalweni ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Idayi isiza udokotela we-radiologist ukuthi abone izindawo ezithile ngokucace kakhudlwana.

Amadivayisi amancane, abizwa ngokuthi amakhoyili, angafakwa ekhanda, engalweni, noma emlenzeni, noma kwezinye izindawo ezizocwaningwa. Lokhu kusiza ukuthumela nokwamukela amaza omsakazo, futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yezithombe.

Ngesikhathi seMRI, umuntu osebenzisa umshini uzokubuka ukwelinye igumbi. Isivivinyo sihlala cishe imizuzu engama-30 kuye kwangama-60, kepha kungathatha isikhathi eside.

Ungacelwa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze noma yini amahora amane kuya kwayisithupha ngaphambi kokuskena.

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma wesaba izindawo eziseduze (une-claustrophobia). Unganikezwa umuthi ozokusiza uzizwe ulele futhi ungakhathazeki kangako, noma umhlinzeki wakho angaphakamisa iMRI evulekile, lapho umshini ungasondelene nomzimba.

Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, tshela umhlinzeki wakho uma ngabe:

• Amaphayiphu enhliziyo yokufakelwa
• Iziqeshana ze-aneurysm zobuchopho
• Inhliziyo defibrillator noma i-pacemaker
• Ukufakwa kwendlebe kwangaphakathi (cochlear)
• Isifo sezinso noma i-dialysis (ungahle ungakwazi ukuthola umehluko)
• Amalunga wokufakelwa asanda kufakwa
• Ama-vascular stents
• Kusetshenziswe ngensimbi yensimbi esikhathini esedlule (ungadinga ukuhlolwa ukuhlola izingcezu zensimbi emehlweni akho)

Ngoba i-MRI iqukethe odonsa abanamandla, izinto zensimbi azivunyelwe ukungena egumbini elinesithwebuli se-MRI:

• Izinto ezinjengobucwebe, amawashi, amakhadi esikweletu nezinsiza-kuzwa zingalimala.
• Amapeni, okhiye bokuphaka, nezibuko zamehlo zingandiza zinqamule igumbi.
• Izikhonkwane, okokufaka izinwele, uziphu wensimbi, nezinto ezifanayo zensimbi kungasonta izithombe.
• Umsebenzi wamazinyo osusekayo kufanele ukhishwe ngaphambi nje kokuskena.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI akubangeli buhlungu. Uma unobunzima bokulala unganyakazi noma unovalo kakhulu, unganikezwa umuthi wokukuphumuza. Ukunyakaza okuningi kungafiphaza izithombe ze-MRI futhi kudale amaphutha.

Itafula lingaba nzima noma libande, kepha ungacela ingubo noma umcamelo. Umshini ukhiqiza imisindo emikhulu yokuqhuma nokuhayiza lapho uvuliwe. Ungafaka ama-plugs endlebe ukusiza ukunciphisa umsindo.

I-intercom egumbini ikuvumela ukuba ukhulume nomuntu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Amanye ama-MRIs anamathelevishini namahedfoni akhethekile ongawasebenzisa ukusiza isikhathi sidlule.

Asikho isikhathi sokululama, ngaphandle kokuthi unikwe umuthi wokuphumula. Ngemuva kokuskena kwe-MRI, ungaqhubeka nokudla kwakho okujwayelekile, umsebenzi, kanye nemithi.

Ukuba ne-MRI kungasiza kaningi:

• Thola isifo
• Qondisa udokotela endaweni efanele ngesikhathi se-biopsy
• Thola izixuku nezicubu, kufaka phakathi umdlavuza
• Fundisisa imithambo yegazi

Izithombe ze-MRI ezithathwe ngemuva kwedayi ekhethekile (ukungafani) zilethwe emzimbeni wakho zinganikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nemithambo yegazi.

I-magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) iyindlela yokucabanga ngemagnificent resonance eyenza izithombe ezinemikhawulo emi-3 yemithambo yegazi.

Umphumela ojwayelekile usho ukuthi indawo yomzimba efundwayo ibukeka ijwayelekile.

Imiphumela incike engxenyeni yomzimba ehlolwayo kanye nesimo senkinga. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezicubu zithumela emuva amasiginali we-MRI ahlukile. Isibonelo, izicubu ezinempilo zithumela emuva isignali ehluke kancane kunezicubu zomdlavuza. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo nokukhathazeka.

I-MRI ayisebenzisi imisebe ye-ionizing. Ayikho imiphumela emibi ebangelwe amandla kazibuthe namagagasi omsakazo abikiwe.

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuqhathanisa (udayi) olusetshenzisiwe yi-gadolinium. Le nto kucatshangwa ukuthi ngokuvamile iphephile kubantu abaningi. I-Gadolinium igcinwa ebuchosheni nakwezinye izitho (kufaka phakathi isikhumba kubantu abanesifo sezinso) ngemuva kokusetshenziswa. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba nesikhumba kwenzeke ezigulini ezinesifo sezinso esivele sikhona Tshela umhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa uma unezinkinga zezinso.

Amandla kazibuthe aqinile adalwe ngesikhathi seMRI angadala ukuthi izinhliziyo zisebenze futhi nezinye izinto zokufakelwa zingasebenzi. Omazibuthe nabo bangadala ukuthi ucezu lwensimbi ngaphakathi komzimba wakho luhambe noma lushintshe.

Ukucabanga kwe-Magnetic resonance; Ukucabanga kwe-Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI

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