Iphaneli ye-antiinuclear antibody

Iphaneli le-antiinuclear antibody ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubheka amasosha omzimba we-antinuclear (ANA).

I-ANA ngamasosha omzimba akhiqizwa amasosha omzimba abopha izicubu zomzimba wakhe. Ukuhlolwa kwama-antibody enyukliya kubheka amasosha omzimba abopha ingxenye yeseli ebizwa ngokuthi i-nucleus. Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola kunquma ukuthi ngabe ama-antibody anjalo akhona yini. Isivivinyo futhi silinganisa ileveli, ebizwa ngokuthi i-titer, nephethini, engasiza.Uma ukuhlolwa kulungile, iphaneli lezivivinyo lingenziwa ukukhomba izinhloso ezithile ze-antigen. Leli yiphaneli lama-antibody le-ANA.

Igazi likhishwa emthanjeni. Imvamisa, kusetshenziswa umthambo ngaphakathi kwendololwane noma ngemuva kwesandla. Isiza sihlanzwa ngemithi yokubulala amagciwane (isinqandakuvunda). Umhlinzeki wezempilo usonga ibhande lokunwebeka engalweni engenhla ukufaka ingcindezi endaweni nokwenza umthambo uvuvukale ngegazi.

Okulandelayo, umhlinzeki ufaka kahle inaliti emthanjeni. Igazi liqoqelwa esitsheni esingangeni moya noma ithubhu enamathiselwe enalithini. Ibhande lokunwebeka lisusiwe engalweni yakho.

Lapho igazi seliqoqiwe, inaliti iyasuswa, nendawo yokubhoboza imbozwe ukumisa noma yikuphi ukopha.

Ezinsaneni noma ezinganeni ezincane, ithuluzi elibukhali elibizwa ngokuthi i-lancet lingasetshenziselwa ukubhoboza isikhumba nokusenza siphume igazi. Igazi liqoqelwa kuthubhu encane yengilazi ebizwa nge-pipette, noma kwi-slide noma umugqa wokuhlola. Ibhandishi lingabekwa ngaphezu kwendawo uma kukhona ukopha.

Ngokuya kwelabhorethri, isivivinyo singacutshungulwa ngezindlela ezihlukile. Enye indlela idinga ukuthi uchwepheshe ahlole isampula segazi ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu esebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet. Omunye usebenzisa insimbi ezenzakalelayo ukuqopha imiphumela.

Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekayo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izidakamizwa, kufaka phakathi amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, i-procainamide, ne-thiazide diuretics, kuthinta ukunemba kwalokhu kuhlolwa. Qiniseka ukuthi umhlinzeki wakho uyazi ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo.

Lapho inaliti ifakwa ukudonsa igazi, abanye abantu bezwa ubuhlungu obulinganiselayo. Abanye bangazizwa nje ngokuhlatshwa noma ukuzwa okuhlabayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungahle kube nokushaywa okuthile.

Ungadinga lolu vivinyo uma unezimpawu zesifo esizimele, ikakhulukazi uhlelo lwe-lupus erythematosus. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa uma unezimpawu ezingachazeki ezifana nesifo samathambo, ukuqubuka, noma ubuhlungu besifuba.

Abanye abantu abajwayelekile banezinga eliphansi le-ANA. Ngakho-ke, ukuba khona kwezinga eliphansi le-ANA akuyona into engavamile ngaso sonke isikhathi.

I-ANA ibikwa njenge- "titer". Izihloko eziphansi zikububanzi obungu-1: 40 kuya ku-1: 60. Ukuhlolwa okuthembekile kwe-ANA kubaluleke kakhulu uma unama-antibody aphikisana nefomu elinezintambo ezimbili ze-DNA.

Ukuba khona kwe-ANA akuqinisekisi ukuxilongwa kwe-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Kodwa-ke, ukuntuleka kwe-ANA kwenza lokho kutholakala kuncane kakhulu.

Yize i-ANA ivame ukukhonjwa nge-SLE, ukuhlolwa okuhle kwe-ANA nakho kungaba uphawu lwezinye izifo ezizimele.

Ububanzi bamanani ajwayelekile bungahluka kancane phakathi kwamalabhorethri ahlukene. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nencazelo yemiphumela yakho ethile yokuhlolwa.

Izibonelo ezingenhla zibonisa izilinganiso ezivamile zemiphumela yalezi zivivinyo. Amanye ama-laboratories asebenzisa izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene noma angahlola izinhlobo ezahlukene.

Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungenziwa ngegazi ngokuhlolwa okuqondile kwe-ANA ukuthola eminye imininingwane.

Ukwenza ukuxilongwa kwe-SLE, kufanele kube khona izici ezithile zomtholampilo kanye ne-ANA. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-antibodies athile we-ANA asiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Ukuba khona kwe-ANA egazini kungabangelwa ezinye izifo eziningi ngaphandle kwe-SLE. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

IZIFO EZISENZA NGOKUZENZAKALELAYO

• Isifo esixubile sezicubu
• I-lupus erythematosus eyenziwe yizidakamizwa
• I-Myositis (isifo semisipha esivuthayo)
• Isifo samathambo
• Isifo seSjögren
• I-systemic sclerosis (i-scleroderma)
• Isifo sendlala yegilo
• I-hepatitis ezenzakalelayo
• AmaLymphomas

UKUTHELELEKA

• Igciwane le-EB
• I-Hepatitis C
• I-HIV
• I-Parvovirus

Imithambo nemithambo iyehluka ngobukhulu ukusuka komunye umuntu iye komunye, futhi kusukela kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba kuye kolunye. Ukuthola igazi kwabanye abantu kungaba nzima kakhulu ukwedlula kwabanye.

Ezinye izingozi ezihambisana nokudonswa igazi zincane, kepha zingafaka:

• Ukopha ngokweqile
• Ukuquleka noma uzizwe unekhanda elincane
• I-hematoma (ukuqoqwa kwegazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba)
• Ukutheleleka (ingozi encane noma kunini lapho isikhumba siphukile)

Umhlinzeki wakho uzosebenzisa imiphumela yephaneli le-ANA ukusiza ukwenza ukuxilongwa. Cishe bonke abantu abane-SLE esebenzayo bane-ANA enhle. Kodwa-ke, i-ANA enhle ngokwayo ayanele ukwenza ukuxilongwa kwe-SLE noma esinye isifo esizimele. Ukuhlolwa kwe-ANA kufanele kusetshenziswe kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa komzimba nokunye ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri.

I-ANA ingaba muhle ezihlotsheni zabantu abane-SLE abangenayo i-SLE ngokwabo.

Kukhona ithuba eliphansi kakhulu lokuthuthukisa i-SLE ngesikhathi esithile kamuva empilweni uma kutholakala kuphela isihloko esiphansi se-ANA.

ANA; Iphaneli ye-ANA; Iphaneli yokucabanga ye-ANA; SLE - ANA; Uhlelo lwe-lupus erythematosus - ANA

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

U-Alberto von Mühlen C, uFritzler MJ, uKhan EKL. Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo kanye nelabhorethri yezifo ze-rheumatic systemic. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, abahleli. UHenry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Umhla ka-23. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 52.

Iwebhusayithi yaseAmerican College of Rheumatology. Ama-antibodies e-Antinuclear (ANA). www.rheumatology.org/I-Am-A/Patient-Caregiver/Diseases-Conditions/Antinuclear-Antibodies-ANA. Kubuyekezwe uMashi 2017. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Ephreli 04, 2019.

Reeves WH, Zhuang H, Han S. Autoantibodies ku-systemic lupus erythematosus. Ku: Hochberg MC, Gravallese EM, Silman AJ, Smolen JS, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH, abahleli. I-Rheumatology. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 139.