Amaprotheni electrophoresis - serum

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwebhu kukala izinhlobo zamaprotheni engxenyeni ye-fluid (serum) yesampula segazi. Lolu ketshezi lubizwa ngokuthi yi-serum.

Kudingeka isampula yegazi.

Kulebhu, uchwepheshe ubeka isampula segazi ephepheni elikhethekile bese efaka amandla kagesi. Amaprotheni ahamba ephepheni futhi akha ama-band akhombisa inani leprotheyini ngalinye.

Ungacelwa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze amahora ayi-12 ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlolwa.

Imithi ethile ingathinta imiphumela yalokhu kuhlolwa. Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokutshela uma udinga ukuyeka ukusebenzisa noma imiphi imithi. Ungayeki noma imuphi umuthi ngaphambi kokukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho.

Lapho inaliti ifakwa ukudonsa igazi, abanye abantu bezwa ubuhlungu obulinganiselayo. Abanye bazizwa beshaywa noma betinyelwa kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungahle kube nokushaywa okuthile noma ukulimazeka okuncane. Lokhu maduzane kuyaphela.

Amaprotheni enziwe ngama-amino acid futhi ayizingxenye ezibalulekile zawo wonke amaseli nezicubu. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamaprotheni emzimbeni, futhi zinemisebenzi eminingi ehlukene. Izibonelo zamaprotheni zifaka ama-enzyme, ama-hormone athile, i-hemoglobin, i-low-density lipoprotein (i-LDL, noma i-cholesterol embi), nezinye.

Amaprotheni weSerum ahlukaniswa njenge-albhamuin noma ama-globulin. I-albhamuin yiprotheni eningi kakhulu ku-serum. Iphethe ama-molecule amaningi amancane. Kubalulekile futhi ukugcina uketshezi luphuma emithanjeni yegazi luye ezicutshini.

Ama-Globulin ahlukaniswe ngama-alpha-1, alpha-2, beta, kanye nama-gamma globulins. Ngokuvamile, amazinga e-alpha ne-gamma globulin protein akhula lapho kunokuvuvukala emzimbeni.

I-Lipoprotein electrophoresis inquma inani lamaprotheni akhiwe ngamaprotheni namafutha, abizwa nge-lipoproteins (njenge-cholesterol ye-LDL).

Amabanga amanani ajwayelekile yilawa:

• Ingqikithi yamaprotheni: 6.4 kuya ku-8.3 amagremu nge-desilitha ngayinye (g / dL) noma ngama-gramu angama-64 kuya kwangu-83 ilitha ngalinye (g / L)
• I-albhamuin: 3.5 kuya ku-5.0 g / dL noma ku-35 kuye ku-50 g / L
• I-Alpha-1 globulin: 0.1 kuye ku-0.3 g / dL noma ku-1 kuye ku-3 g / L
• I-Alpha-2 globulin: 0.6 kuye ku-1.0 g / dL noma ku-6 kuye ku-10 g / L
• I-beta globulin: 0.7 kuye ku-1.2 g / dL noma ku-7 kuye ku-12 g / L
• I-Gamma globulin: 0.7 kuya ku-1.6 g / dL noma i-7 kuye ku-16 g / L

Izibonelo ezingenhla yizilinganiso ezijwayelekile zemiphumela yalezi zivivinyo. Ububanzi bamanani ajwayelekile bungahluka kancane phakathi kwamalabhorethri ahlukene. Amanye amalebhu asebenzisa izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene noma avivinye amasampula ahlukile. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nencazelo yemiphumela yakho ethile.

Ukwehla kwamaprotheni aphelele kungakhombisa:

• Ukulahleka okungajwayelekile kwamaprotheni avela emgudwini wokugaya ukudla noma ukungasebenzi kwendlela yokugaya ukudla ukuncela amaprotheni (i-enteropathy elahlekelwa amaprotheni)
• Ukungondleki
• Isifo sezinso esibizwa nge-nephrotic syndrome
• Ukuqhaqhazela kwesibindi nokusebenza okubi kwesibindi (i-cirrhosis)

Ukwandiswa kwamaprotheni e-alpha-1 globulin kungahle kube ngenxa ye:

• Izifo ezinzima zokuvuvukala
• Umdlavuza
• Isifo esingalapheki sokuvuvukala (isibonelo, isifo samathambo, i-SLE)

Ukwehla kwamaprotheni e-alpha-1 globulin kungaba uphawu lokuthi:

• Ukushoda kwe-alpha-1 antitrypsin

Amaprotheni akhuphukile e-alpha-2 angakhombisa:

• Ukuvuvukala okukhulu
• Ukuvuvukala okungapheli

Ukwehla kwamaprotheni e-alpha-2 globulin angakhombisa:

• Ukuwohloka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi (hemolysis)

Ukwandiswa kwamaprotheni we-beta globulin angakhombisa:

• Isifo lapho umzimba unezinkinga zokwephula amafutha (ngokwesibonelo, i-hyperlipoproteinemia, i-family hypercholesterolemia)
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Estrogen

Ukwehla kwamaprotheni e-beta globulin kungakhombisa:

• Izinga eliphansi ngokungajwayelekile le-LDL cholesterol
• Ukungondleki

Amaprotheni akhuphukile e-gamma globulin angakhombisa:

• Umdlavuza wegazi, kufaka phakathi i-myeloma eminingi, i-Waldenström macroglobulinemia, i-lymphomas, nama-leukemias angama-lymphocytic
• Isifo esingalapheki sokuvuvukala (isibonelo, isifo samathambo)
• Ukutheleleka okunamandla
• Isifo esingalapheki sesibindi

Kunengozi encane ethintekayo ekuthatheni igazi lakho. Imithambo nemithambo iyehluka ngobukhulu ukusuka komunye umuntu iye komunye, futhi kusukela kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba kuye kolunye. Ukuthatha igazi kwabanye abantu kungaba nzima kakhulu ukwedlula kwabanye.

Ezinye izingozi ezihambisana nokudonswa igazi zincane, kepha zingafaka:

• Ukopha ngokweqile
• Ukuquleka noma uzizwe unekhanda elincane
• Ukubhoboza okuningi ukuthola imithambo
  
• I-hematoma (i-blood buildup ngaphansi kwesikhumba)
• Ukutheleleka (ingozi encane noma kunini lapho isikhumba siphukile)

ISINYATHELO

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ. Amaprotheni electrophoresis - serum. Ku: IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ, ama-eds. Ukuhlolwa Kwelabhoratri Nezinqubo Zokuxilonga. Umhlaka 6. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013: 917-920.

UMunshi NC, uJagannath S. Plasma neoplasms yeseli. Ku: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, ama-eds. I-Hematology: Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Nokuzijwayeza. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 86.

I-Warner EA, uHerold AH. Ukuhumusha izivivinyo zaselebhu. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ama-eds. Incwadi Yezokwelapha Yomndeni. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 14.