Ukuhlolwa kwe-antigen kwe-Histocompatibility

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-histocompatibility antigen kubheka amaprotheni abizwa ngama-human leukocyte antigen (HLAs). Lezi zitholakala ebusweni bawo wonke amaseli emzimbeni womuntu. Ama-HLA atholakala ngamanani amakhulu ebusweni bamaseli amhlophe egazi. Basiza amasosha omzimba ukuthi ahlukanise phakathi kwezicubu zomzimba nezinto ezingekho emzimbeni wakho.

Igazi likhishwa emthanjeni. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obuncane noma isitinyela lapho kufakwa inaliti. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungahle kube nokushaywa okuthile.

Awudingi ukulungiselela lolu vivinyo.

Imiphumela evela kulokhu kuhlolwa ingasetshenziselwa ukukhomba ukufana okuhle kokufakwa kwezicubu nokufakelwa komzimba. Lokhu kungafaka ukufakelwa kwezinso noma ukufakelwa umnkantsha wethambo.

Ingasetshenziswa futhi uku:

• Thola izifo ezithile ezizimele zomzimba. Ukuzwela ngokweqile okubangelwa izidakamizwa kuyisibonelo.
• Thola ubudlelwane phakathi kwezingane nabazali uma ubudlelwano obunjalo bubuzwa.
• Bheka ukwelashwa ngeminye imithi.

Uneqoqo elincane lama-HLA adluliselwa kubazali bakho. Izingane, ngokwesilinganiso, zizoba nohhafu wama-HLA azo afana nengxenye yomama wazo nengxenye yama-HLA azo afana nengxenye kababa wazo.

Akunakwenzeka ukuthi abantu ababili abangahlobene bazoba nezimonyo ezifanayo ze-HLA. Noma kunjalo, amawele afanayo angafana.

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-HLA zivame kakhulu kwizifo ezithile ezizimele. Isibonelo, i-antigen ye-HLA-B27 itholakala kubantu abaningi (kodwa hhayi bonke) abane-ankylosing spondylitis ne-Reiter syndrome.

Kunengozi encane ethintekayo ekuthatheni igazi lakho. Imithambo nemithambo yegazi kuyahluka ngosayizi komunye umuntu kuya kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba kuya kolunye. Ukuthatha igazi kwabanye abantu kungaba nzima kakhulu ukwedlula kwabanye.

Ezinye izingozi ezihambisana nokudonswa igazi zincane, kepha zingafaka:

• Ukuquleka noma uzizwe unekhanda elincane
• Ukubhoboza okuningi ukuthola imithambo
• I-hematoma (i-blood buildup ngaphansi kwesikhumba)
• Ukopha ngokweqile
• Ukutheleleka (ingozi encane noma kunini lapho isikhumba siphukile)

Ukuthayipha kwe-HLA; Ukuthayipha izicubu

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Izicubu Zamathambo

UFagoaga NOMA. I-antigen ye-leukocyte antigen: okuyinkimbinkimbi enkulu ye-histocompatibility yomuntu. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, abahleli. UHenry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Umhla ka-23. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 49.

IMonos DS, iWinchester RJ. Isakhiwo esikhulu se-histocompatibility. Ku: Rich RR, Fleisher TA, Shearer WT, Schroeder HW, Bambalwa AJ, Weyand CM, eds. I-Clinical Immunology: Izimiso Nokwenza. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 5.

UWang E, Adams S, Stroncek DF, Marincola FM. Ama-antigen we-leukocyte antigen namasistimu we-antigen neutrophil womuntu. Ku: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, ama-eds. I-Hematology: Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Nokuzijwayeza. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 113.