I-hemoglobin electrophoresis

IHemoglobin yiprotheni ethwala umoya-mpilo egazini. I-Hemoglobin electrophoresis ilinganisa amazinga ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zale phrotheni egazini.

Kudingeka isampula yegazi.

Kulebhu, uchwepheshe ubeka isampula segazi ephepheni elikhethekile bese efaka amandla kagesi. Ama-hemoglobin ahamba emaphepheni bese enza ama-band akhombisa inani lohlobo ngalunye lwe-hemoglobin.

Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile okudingekile kulolu vivinyo.

Lapho inaliti ifakwa ukudonsa igazi, abanye abantu bezwa ubuhlungu obulinganiselayo. Abanye bazizwa behlatshwa noma bezwa nje kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungahle kube nokushaywa okuthile noma ukulimazeka okuncane. Lokhu maduzane kuyaphela.

Ungaba nalolu vivinyo uma umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo esola ukuthi unenkinga ebangelwa izinhlobo ezingavamile ze-hemoglobin (hemoglobinopathy).

Izinhlobo eziningi ze-hemoglobin (Hb) zikhona. Okuvame kakhulu yi-HbA, HbA2, HbE, HbF, HbS, HbC, HbH, ne-HbM. Abantu abadala abaphilile banamazinga abalulekile we-HbA ne-HbA2 kuphela.

Abanye abantu bangaba nenani elincane le-HbF. Lolu uhlobo oluphambili lwe-hemoglobin emzimbeni wosana olungakazalwa. Izifo ezithile zihlotshaniswa namazinga aphezulu we-HbF (lapho i-HbF ingaphezu kuka-2% we-hemoglobin ephelele).

I-HbS iyindlela engajwayelekile ye-hemoglobin ehlotshaniswa ne-sickle cell anemia. Kubantu abanalesi simo, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi kwesinye isikhathi aba nocrescent noma isikela. Lawa maseli aqhekeka kalula noma angavimba imithambo yegazi emincane.

I-HbC iyindlela engajwayelekile ye-hemoglobin ehlotshaniswa ne-hemolytic anemia. Izimpawu zibucayi kakhulu kunase-sickle cell anemia.

Amanye, ama-molecule we-Hb angajwayelekile, abangela ezinye izinhlobo ze-anemia.

Kubantu abadala, lawa amaphesenti ajwayelekile wama-molecule e-hemoglobin ahlukene:

• I-HbA: 95% kuya ku-98% (0.95 kuye ku-0.98)
• I-HbA2: 2% kuya ku-3% (0.02 kuye ku-0.03)
• HbE: Akukho
• I-HbF: 0.8% kuya ku-2% (0.008 kuye ku-0.02)
• I-HbS: Akukho
• I-HbC: Akukho

Ezinganeni nasezinganeni, lawa amaphesenti ajwayelekile wama-molecule e-HbF:

• I-HbF (usana olusanda kuzalwa): 50% kuya ku-80% (0.5 kuye ku-0.8)
• I-HbF (izinyanga eziyisithupha): 8%
• I-HbF (ngaphezulu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha): 1% kuya ku-2%

Ububanzi bamanani ajwayelekile bungahluka kancane phakathi kwamalabhorethri ahlukene. Amanye amalebhu asebenzisa izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene noma angahlola amasampula ahlukile. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nencazelo yemiphumela yakho ethile yokuhlolwa.

Amazinga abalulekile ama-hemoglobin angajwayelekile angakhombisa:

• Isifo seHemoglobin C
• I-hemoglobinopathy engavamile
• I-sickle cell anemia
• Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi okuzuzwe njengefa lapho umzimba wenza khona uhlobo olungajwayelekile lwe-hemoglobin (thalassemia)

Ungaba nemiphumela engamanga ejwayelekile noma engajwayelekile uma ngabe ufakwe igazi ezinsukwini ezingama-12 zalesi sivivinyo.

Kunengozi encane kakhulu ethintekayo ekuthatheni igazi lakho. Imithambo nemithambo yegazi kuyahluka ngosayizi komunye umuntu kuya kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba kuya kolunye. Ukuthatha igazi kwabanye abantu kungaba nzima kakhulu ukwedlula kwabanye.

Ezinye izingozi ezihambisana nokudonswa igazi zincane kepha zingafaka:

• Ukopha ngokweqile
• Ukuquleka noma uzizwe unekhanda elincane
• I-hematoma (i-blood buildup ngaphansi kwesikhumba)
• Ukutheleleka (ingozi encane noma kunini lapho isikhumba siphukile)

Hb electrophoresis; I-Hgb electrophoresis; Electrophoresis - i-hemoglobin; Thallasemia - electrophoresis; Isiguli sokugula - i-electrophoresis; I-hemoglobinopathy - i-electrophoresis

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