Isikhathi se-Prothrombin (PT)

Isikhathi seProthrombin (PT) ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulinganisa isikhathi esisithathayo ukuze ingxenye engamanzi (iplasma) yegazi lakho ijiye.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlobene nesikhathi esinqunyelwe se-thromboplastin (PTT).

Kudingeka isampula yegazi. Uma uthatha imishanguzo yokuncipha kwegazi, uzobhekelwa izimpawu zokopha.

Imithi ethile ingashintsha imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi.

• Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokutshela uma kudingeka uyeke ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu kuhlolwa. Lokhu kungafaka i-aspirin, i-heparin, i-antihistamine, ne-vitamin C.
• UNGAYIMISI noma ushintshe imithi yakho ngaphandle kokukhuluma nomhlinzeki wakho kuqala.

Phinda utshele umhlinzeki wakho uma uthatha noma yimaphi amakhambi.

Lapho inaliti ifakwa ukudonsa igazi, abanye abantu bezwa ubuhlungu obulinganiselayo. Abanye bazizwa beshaywa noma betinyelwa kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungahle kube nokushaywa okuthile noma ukulinyazeka okuncane. Lokhu maduzane kuyaphela.

Isizathu esivame kakhulu ukwenza lolu vivinyo ukuqapha amazinga akho lapho uthatha umuthi wokunciphisa igazi obizwa nge-warfarin. Cishe uthatha lo muthi ukuvimbela amahlule egazi.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzohlola i-PT yakho njalo.

Ungadinga futhi lolu vivinyo uku:

• Thola imbangela yokopha okungavamile noma ukulimaza
• Bheka ukuthi isibindi sakho sisebenza kahle kangakanani
• Bheka izimpawu zesifo sokuvala igazi noma ukuphaphazeka kwegazi

I-PT ilinganiswa ngemizuzwana. Isikhathi esiningi, imiphumela inikezwa njengalokho okubizwa nge-INR (isilinganiso esijwayelekile somhlaba jikelele).

Uma ungathathi imithi yokuncipha kwegazi, njenge-warfarin, ibanga elijwayelekile lemiphumela yakho ye-PT yile:

• Imizuzwana eyi-11 kuye kwayi-13.5
• INR ka-0.8 kuye ku-1.1

Uma uthatha i-warfarin ukuvimbela amahlule egazi, umhlinzeki wakho uzokhetha ukugcina i-INR yakho phakathi kuka-2.0 no-3.0.

Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi imuphi umphumela olungele wena.

Ububanzi bamanani ajwayelekile bungahluka kancane phakathi kwamalabhorethri ahlukene. Amanye amalebhu asebenzisa izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene noma avivinye amasampula ahlukile. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nencazelo yemiphumela yakho ethile yokuhlolwa.

Uma u azizona ukuthatha imishanguzo yokunciphisa igazi, njenge-warfarin, umphumela we-INR ngenhla kwe-1.1 kusho ukuthi igazi lakho lijiya kancane kunokujwayelekile. Lokhu kungabangelwa:

• Izinkinga zokopha, iqembu lezimo lapho kunenkinga khona ngenqubo yokuvala igazi emzimbeni.
• Ukuphazamiseka lapho amaprotheni alawula ukujiya kwegazi eba ngaphezulu kokusebenzayo (kusatshalaliswa i-intravascular coagulation).
• Isifo sesibindi.
• Izinga eliphansi levithamini K.

Uma u kukhona ukuthatha i-warfarin ukuvimbela amahlule, umhlinzeki wakho kungenzeka akhethe ukugcina i-INR yakho phakathi kuka-2.0 no-3.0:

• Kuya ngokuthi kungani uthatha igazi elizacile, ileveli oyifunayo ingahluka.
• Ngisho noma i-INR yakho ihlala phakathi kuka-2.0 no-3.0, kungenzeka ukuthi ube nezinkinga zokopha.
• Imiphumela ye-INR ephakeme kuno-3.0 ingakubeka engcupheni enkulu yokopha.
• Imiphumela ye-INR engaphansi kuka-2.0 ingakubeka engcupheni yokuqina kwegazi.

Umphumela we-PT ophakeme kakhulu noma ophansi kakhulu kumuntu othatha i-warfarin (i-Coumadin) kungenzeka ngenxa ye:

• Umthamo ongafanele womuthi
• Ukuphuza utshwala
• Ukuthatha imithi ethile ye-over-the-counter (OTC), amavithamini, izithasiselo, imithi ebandayo, ama-antibiotics noma eminye imithi
• Ukudla ukudla okushintsha indlela umuthi wokuncipha kwegazi osebenza ngayo emzimbeni wakho

Umhlinzeki wakho uzokufundisa ngokuthatha i-warfarin (Coumadin) ngendlela efanele.

Kunengozi encane ethintekayo ekuthatheni igazi lakho. Imithambo nemithambo iyehluka ngobukhulu ukusuka komunye umuntu iye komunye, futhi kusukela kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba kuye kolunye. Ukuthola isampula yegazi kwabanye abantu kungaba nzima kakhulu ukwedlula kwabanye.

Ezinye izingozi ezihambisana nokudonswa igazi zincane, kepha zingafaka:

• Ukuquleka noma uzizwe unekhanda elincane
• I-hematoma (ukuqoqwa kwegazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba)
• Ukubhoboza okuningi ukuthola imithambo
• Ukutheleleka (ingozi encane noma kunini lapho isikhumba siphukile)

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa kubantu abangaba nezinkinga zokopha. Ingozi yabo yokopha iphakeme kancane kunabantu abangenazinkinga zokopha.

PT; Isikhathi sesikhathi; Isikhathi se-Anticoagulant-prothrombin; Isikhathi sokuvala: i-protime; INR; Isilinganiso esijwayelekile somhlaba jikelele

• I-vein thrombosis ejulile - ukukhipha

IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ. Isikhathi se-Prothrombin (PT) kanye nesilinganiso esijwayelekile somhlaba jikelele (INR) - igazi. Ku: IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ, ama-eds. Ukuhlolwa Kwelabhoratri Nezinqubo Zokuxilonga. Umhlaka 6. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013: 930-935.

I-Ortel TL. Ukwelashwa kwe-Antithrombotic. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, abahleli. UHenry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Umhla ka-23. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: isahluko 42.