Inhloko ye-MRI

I-MRI yekhanda (imaging resonance imaging) isivivinyo sokusebenzisa izithombe esisebenzisa ozibuthe abanamandla namagagasi omsakazo ukudala izithombe zobuchopho nezicubu zemizwa ezizungezile.

Ayisebenzisi imisebe.

I-Head MRI yenziwa esibhedlela noma esikhungweni se-radiology.

Ulele etafuleni elincane, elingena kuskena esikhulu esimise umhubhe.

Ezinye izivivinyo ze-MRI zidinga udayi okhethekile, obizwa ngokuthi owokuqhathanisa. Idayi ivame ukunikezwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngomthambo (IV) osesandleni sakho noma engalweni. Idayi isiza udokotela we-radiologist ukuthi abone izindawo ezithile ngokucace kakhudlwana.

Ngesikhathi seMRI, umuntu osebenza ngomshini uyakubuka ukwelinye igumbi. Ukuhlolwa kuvame ukuthatha imizuzu engama-30 kuye kwangama-60, kepha kungathatha isikhathi eside.

Ungacelwa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze noma yini amahora amane kuya kwayisithupha ngaphambi kokuskena.

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma wesaba izindawo eziseduze (une-claustrophobia). Ungathola umuthi ozokusiza uzizwe ulele futhi ungakhathazeki kangako. Noma umhlinzeki wakho angaphakamisa i-MRI "evulekile", lapho umshini ungasondelene kakhulu nomzimba.

Ungacelwa ukuthi ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela noma okokugqoka ngaphandle kothayi bensimbi (njengamabhulukwe ajulile nesikibha). Izinhlobo ezithile zensimbi zingadala izithombe ezifiphele.

Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, tshela umhlinzeki wakho uma ngabe:

• Iziqeshana ze-aneurysm zobuchopho
• I-valve yenhliziyo yokufakelwa
• Inhliziyo defibrillator noma i-pacemaker
• Ukufakwa kwendlebe kwangaphakathi (cochlear)
• Isifo sezinso noma sikwi-dialysis (ungahle ungakwazi ukuthola umehluko)
• Ijoyinti lokwenziwa elisanda kufakwa
• Umthambo wegazi
• Kusetshenziswe ngensimbi yensimbi esikhathini esedlule (ungadinga ukuhlolwa ukuhlola izingcezu zensimbi emehlweni akho)

I-MRI iqukethe odonsa abanamandla. Izinto zensimbi azivunyelwe ukungena egumbini elinesithwebuli se-MRI. Lokhu kufaka:

• Amapeni, izimbokodo, nezibuko zamehlo
• Izinto ezinjengobucwebe, amawashi, amakhadi esikweletu nezinsiza-kuzwa
• Izikhonkwane, okokufaka izinwele, uziphu wensimbi, nezinto ezifanayo zensimbi
• Umsebenzi wamazinyo ongasuswa

Uma udinga udayi, uzozwa ingcosana yenaliti engalweni yakho lapho idayi ifakwa emthanjeni.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI akubangeli buhlungu. Uma unobunzima bokulala unganyakazi noma unovalo kakhulu, unganikezwa umuthi wokuphumula. Ukunyakaza okuningi kungafiphaza izithombe futhi kudale amaphutha.

Itafula lingaba nzima noma libande, kepha ungacela ingubo noma umcamelo. Umshini wenza umsindo omkhulu wokuduma nokuhayiza lapho uvuliwe. Ungacela ama-plugs endlebe ukusiza ukunciphisa umsindo.

I-intercom egumbini ikuvumela ukuba ukhulume nomuntu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Amanye ama-MRIs anamathelevishini namahedfoni akhethekile angakusiza ukudlulisa isikhathi noma ukuvimba umsindo wesithwebuli.

Asikho isikhathi sokululama, ngaphandle kokuthi unikwe umuthi wokuphumula. Ngemuva kokuskena kwe-MRI, ungabuyela ekudleni kwakho okujwayelekile, emsebenzini, nasemithini.

I-MRI inikeza izithombe eziningiliziwe zobuchopho nezicubu zemizwa.

I-MRI yobuchopho ingasetshenziselwa ukuxilonga nokuqapha izifo eziningi nokuphazamiseka okuthinta ubuchopho, kufaka phakathi:

• Isici sokuzalwa
• Ukopha (i-subarachnoid yopha noma yopha ezicutshini zobuchopho uqobo)
• Ama-Aneurysms
• Ukutheleleka, okufana nethumba lobuchopho
• Izimila (ezinomdlavuza futhi ezinganomdlavuza)
• Izinkinga zeHormonal (njenge-acromegaly, galactorrhea, neCushing syndrome)
• I-Multiple sclerosis
• Unhlangothi

Ukuhlolwa kwekhanda kwe-MRI nakho kunganquma imbangela yalokhu:

• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukuba ndikindiki nokuhayiza
• Izinguquko ekucabangeni nasekuziphatheni
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda lapho ezinye izimpawu noma izimpawu zikhona
• Ukukhuluma ubunzima
• Izinkinga zombono
• Ukuwohloka komqondo

Uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-MRI olubizwa nge-magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) lungenziwa ukubheka imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni.

Imiphumela engajwayelekile ingabangelwa:

• Imithambo yegazi engajwayelekile ebuchosheni (ukungahleleki kahle kwekhanda)
• Isimila senzwa esixhuma indlebe ebuchosheni (i-acoustic neuroma)
• Ukopha ebuchosheni
• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho
• Ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zobuchopho
• Izicubu zobuchopho
• Ukulimala ebuchosheni kusukela ekulimaleni
• Ukuqoqa uketshezi oluzungeze ubuchopho (i-hydrocephalus)
• Ukutheleleka kwamathambo ogebhezi (osteomyelitis)
• Ukulahleka kwezicubu zobuchopho
• I-Multiple sclerosis
• Ukuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi noma okwedlulayo kwe-ischemic (TIA)
• Izinkinga zesakhiwo ebuchosheni

I-MRI ayisebenzisi imisebe. Kuze kube manje, akukho miphumela emibi evela kumandla kazibuthe namagagasi omsakazo abikiwe.

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuqhathanisa (udayi) olusetshenzisiwe yi-gadolinium. Kuphephe kakhulu. Ukusabela okweqile kulesisithako akuvamile ukwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, i-gadolinium ingaba yingozi kubantu abanezinkinga zezinso abaku-dialysis. Uma unezinkinga zezinso, tshela umhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Amandla amakhulu kazibuthe adalwe ngesikhathi seMRI angenza izinhliziyo zisebenze futhi ezinye izinto zokufakelwa zingasebenzi futhi. Kungadala nokuthi ucezu lwensimbi ngaphakathi komzimba wakho luhambe noma lushintshe.

I-MRI iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ezimweni eziningi i-MRI ingaba nozwelo kakhulu kune-CT scan ezinkingeni zobuchopho ezinjengezinkumbi ezincane. I-CT ivame ukuba ngcono ekufuneni izindawo ezincane zokopha.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa esikhundleni se-MRI yekhanda kufaka:

• Iskena sekhanda le-CT
• Ukuskena kobuchopho kwePositron emission tomography (PET)

Kungancanyelwa i-CT scan kulezi zimo ezilandelayo, ngoba iyashesha futhi ijwayele ukutholakala ngqo egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo:

• Ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu kwekhanda nobuso
• Ukopha ebuchosheni (ngaphakathi kwamahora okuqala angama-24 kuye kwangama-48)
• Izimpawu zokuqala zohlangothi
• Ukuphazamiseka kwamathambo ogebhezi nokuphazamiseka okubandakanya amathambo endlebe

Umsindo kazibuthe wenuzi - i-cranial; Ukucabanga kwe-Magnetic resonance - cranial; I-MRI yekhanda; I-MRI - i-cranial; I-NMR - i-cranial; I-Cranial MRI; I-Brain MRI; I-MRI - ubuchopho; I-MRI - ikhanda

• Ubuchopho
• Inhloko ye-MRI
• Izinduna zobuchopho

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IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ. I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - ukuxilonga. Ku: IChernecky CC, iBerger BJ, ama-eds. Ukuhlolwa Kwelabhoratri Nezinqubo Zokuxilonga. Umhlaka 6. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013: 754-757.

UKhan M, Schulte J, uZinreich SJ, u-Aygun N. Ukubuka konke kokucabanga kokuhlola kwekhanda nentamo. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Ukuhlinzwa Kwekhanda Nentamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 8.