Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba se-PPD

Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba se-PPD kuyindlela esetshenziselwa ukuxilonga ukutheleleka kwesifo sofuba buthule (okufihlekile). I-PPD imele okuvela ekuhlanjululeni amaprotheni.

Uzodinga ukuvakashelwa kabili ehhovisi lomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kulolu vivinyo.

Ekuvakasheni kokuqala, umhlinzeki uzohlanza indawo yesikhumba sakho, imvamisa ingaphakathi lengalo yakho. Uzothola isibhamu esincane (umjovo) esiqukethe i-PPD. Inaliti ibekwa kahle ngaphansi kwesikhumba, kubangele ukuba kuvele iqhubu (i-welt). Leli bump livame ukuhamba emahoreni ambalwa njengoba impahla imuncwa.

Ngemuva kwamahora angama-48 kuya kwangu-72, kufanele ubuyele ehhovisi lomhlinzeki wakho. Umhlinzeki wakho uzohlola indawo ukuze abone ukuthi ngabe uke wasabela ngokuqinile esivivinyweni.

Akukho ukulungiselela okukhethekile kwalokhu kuhlolwa.

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho uma ngabe uke waba nokuhlolwa kwesikhumba kwe-PPD okuhle. Uma kunjalo, akufanele ube nokuhlolwa okuphindiwe kwe-PPD, ngaphandle kwalapho kunezimo ezingajwayelekile.

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho uma unesimo sezempilo noma uma uthatha imithi ethile, efana ne-steroids, engathinta amasosha akho omzimba. Lezi zimo zingaholela emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa enganembile.

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho uma uwutholile umuthi wokugoma we-BCG futhi uma kunjalo, uwuthole nini. (Lo mgomo unikezwa ngaphandle kwase-United States kuphela).

Uzozwa ukulunywa okwesikhashana njengoba inaliti ifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuthola ukuthi wake wahlangana yini namagciwane abanga i-TB.

I-TB isifo esisakazeka kalula (esithathelwanayo). Ngokuvamile kuthinta amaphaphu. Amagciwane angahlala engasebenzi (elele) emaphashini iminyaka eminingi. Lesi simo sibizwa nge-TB efihlekile.

Abantu abaningi e-United States abatheleleke ngamagciwane abanazo izimpawu noma izimpawu ze-TB esebenzayo.

Kungenzeka ukuthi udinga lolu vivinyo uma:

• Kungenzeka ukuthi ubezungeze umuntu one-TB
• Sebenza ekunakekelweni kwezempilo
• Yiba namasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, ngenxa yemithi ethile noma izifo (njengomdlavuza noma i-HIV / AIDS)

Ukusabela okungekuhle ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi awukaze ungenwe yigciwane elibanga i-TB.

Ngokusabela okungekuhle, isikhumba lapho uthole khona ukuhlolwa kwe-PPD asivuvukile, noma ukuvuvukala kuncane kakhulu. Lesi silinganiso sihlukile ezinganeni, kubantu abane-HIV, nakwamanye amaqembu asengozini enkulu.

Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kwe-PPD akusikho ukuhlolwa okuphelele kokuhlola. Abantu abambalwa abatheleleke ngamagciwane abangela i-TB kungenzeka bangasabeli. Futhi, izifo noma imithi eyenza amasosha omzimba abe buthakathaka angadala umphumela ongemuhle.

Umphumela ongajwayelekile (omuhle) usho ukuthi utheleleke ngamagciwane abanga i-TB. Ungadinga ukwelashwa ukwehlisa ubungozi besifo ukubuya (ukuqala kabusha kwesifo). Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba okusho ukuthi akusho ukuthi umuntu une-TB esebenzayo. Kumele kwenziwe ezinye izivivinyo ukubheka ukuthi asikho yini isifo esisebenzayo.

Ukusabela okuncane (u-5 mm wokuvuvukala okuqinile esizeni) kubhekwa njengokuhle kubantu:

• Obani abane-HIV / AIDS
• Obani abathole ukufakelwa isitho somzimba
• Obani abanamasosha omzimba acindezelwe noma abathatha ukwelashwa kwe-steroid (cishe u-15 mg we-prednisone ngosuku inyanga engu-1)
• Obekade besondelene kakhulu nomuntu one-TB esebenzayo
• Obani abanezinguquko ku-x-ray yesifuba ebukeka njenge-TB edlule

Ukusabela okukhulu (okukhudlwana noma okulingana no-10 mm) kubhekwa njengokuhle ku:

• Abantu abanesivivinyo esibi esaziwayo eminyakeni emibili edlule
• Abantu abanesifo sikashukela, ukwehluleka kwezinso, noma ezinye izimo ezandisa amathuba abo okuthola i-TB esebenzayo
• Abasebenzi bezempilo
• Abasebenzisi bezidakamizwa zokujova
• Abokufika abasuke ezweni elinesifo seTB esiphakeme eminyakeni emihlanu edlule
• Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-4
• Izinsana, izingane, noma intsha evezwa kubantu abadala abasengozini enkulu
• Abafundi nabasebenzi bezindawo ezithile zokuhlala, njengamajele, amakhaya asebekhulile, nezindawo zokuhlala ezingenamakhaya

Kubantu abangenabo ubungozi obaziwa nge-TB, u-15 mm noma ngaphezulu wokuvuvukala okuqinile endaweni kukhombisa ukusabela okuhle.

Abantu abazalelwe ngaphandle kwase-United States abathole umuthi wokugoma obizwa nge-BCG bangaba nemiphumela yokuhlolwa okungelona iqiniso.

Kunobungozi obuncane kakhulu bokubomvu okukhulu nokuvuvukala kwengalo kubantu abathole ukuhlolwa kwangaphambilini kwe-PPD okuhle futhi abahlolwa futhi. Ngokuvamile, abantu abake baba nokuhlolwa okuhle esikhathini esedlule akufanele baphinde baphinde bahlolwe. Lokhu kusabela kungenzeka futhi kubantu abambalwa abangakaze bahlolwe ngaphambilini.

Izinga elisuselwe kumkhiqizo wamaprotheni; Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba se-TB; Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba se-tuberculin; Ukuhlolwa kweMantoux

• Isifo sofuba emaphashini
• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kwe-PPD okuqondile
• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba se-PPD

UFitzgerald DW, uSterling TR, uHaas DW. Isifo sofuba iMycobacterium. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 249.

Izinkuni GL. I-Mycobacteria. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, abahleli. UHenry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. Umhla ka-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 61.