I-EGD - esophagogastroduodenoscopy

I-Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) isivivinyo sokuhlola ulwelwesi lwe-esophagus, isisu, nengxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane (i-duodenum).

I-EGD yenziwa esibhedlela noma esikhungweni sezokwelapha. Inqubo isebenzisa i-endoscope. Lena ishubhu eliguquguqukayo elinokukhanya nekhamera ekugcineni.

Inqubo yenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• Ngesikhathi senqubo, kuhlolwe ukuphefumula kwakho, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi, nezinga le-oxygen. Izintambo zinamathiselwe ezindaweni ezithile zomzimba wakho nasemishinini eqapha lezi zimpawu ezibalulekile.
• Uthola umuthi emthanjeni ozokusiza uphumule. Akufanele uzwe ubuhlungu futhi ungakhumbuli inqubo.
• I-anesthetic yendawo ingahle ifafazwe emlonyeni wakho ukuvikela ekukhwehleleni noma ekuminyaneni lapho kufakwa isikhala.
• Isilondolozi somlomo sisetshenziselwa ukuvikela amazinyo akho nobubanzi bawo. Amazinyo okufakelwa kufanele asuswe ngaphambi kokuba kuqale inqubo.
• Wena-ke ulale ngohlangothi lwakho lwesobunxele.
• Ububanzi bufakwa ngommese (ipayipi lokudla) esiswini nase-duodenum. I-duodenum yingxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane.
• Umoya ufakwa esikalini ukuze kube lula kudokotela ukuthi abone.
• Kuhlolwa ulwelwesi lwe-esophagus, isisu, ne-duodenum engenhla. Ama-Biopsies angathathwa esikalini. Ama-biopsies amasampula wezicubu abhekwa ngaphansi kwemicroscope.
• Izindlela zokwelashwa ezahlukahlukene zingenziwa, njengokwelula noma ukunweba indawo enciphile yomphimbo.

Ngemuva kokuthi ukuhlolwa kuqediwe, ngeke ukwazi ukuthola ukudla noketshezi kuze kubuye i-gag reflex yakho (ngakho-ke awuminyanisi).

Isivivinyo sithatha imizuzu engaba ngu-5 kuye kwengu-20.

Landela noma imiphi imiyalo oyinikezwayo yokuthola kabusha ekhaya.

Ngeke ukwazi ukudla noma yini amahora ayisithupha kuya kwayi-12 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Landela imiyalo yokumisa i-aspirin neminye imithi enciphisa igazi ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Isifutho sokubulala izinzwa senza kube nzima ukugwinya. Lokhu kuyaphela ngemuva nje kwenqubo. Ububanzi bungakwenza ube gag.

Ungase uzwe igesi nokunyakaza kwesilinganiso esiswini sakho. Ngeke ukwazi ukuzwa ukuhlolwa. Ngenxa yokuthamba, ungahle ungazizwa ungakhululekile futhi ungabi nayo inkumbulo yokuhlolwa.

Ungazizwa ukhukhumele emoyeni obekwe emzimbeni wakho. Lo muzwa uyaphela ngokushesha.

I-EGD ingenziwa uma unezimpawu ezintsha, ezingeke zichazwe, noma ezingaphenduli ekwelashweni, njenge:

• Indle emnyama noma yokulinda noma igazi elihlanzayo
• Ukubuyisa ukudla (ukuphinda wenze kabusha)
• Uzizwa ugcwele ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile noma ngemuva kokudla okuncane kunokujwayelekile
• Ukuzwa sengathi ukudla kunamathele ngemuva kwethambo lesifuba
• Isilungulela
• Isibalo segazi esiphansi (i-anemia) esingachazeki
• Ubuhlungu noma ukungahambi kahle esiswini esingenhla
• Ukugwinya izinkinga noma ubuhlungu ngokugwinya
• Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazeki
• Isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza okungapheli

Udokotela wakho futhi angayalela lolu vivinyo uma:

• Unesifo sokuqina kwesibindi, ukufuna imithambo evuvukile (ebizwa ngokuthi ama-varices) ezindongeni zengxenye engezansi yomhosha, engaqala ukuphuma igazi
• Yiba nesifo seCrohn
• Udinga ukulandelelwa okwengeziwe noma ukwelashwa kwesimo esitholakele

Ukuhlolwa kungasetshenziswa futhi ukuthatha ucezu lwesicubu se-biopsy.

I-esophagus, isisu, ne-duodenum kufanele ibe bushelelezi futhi ibe nombala ojwayelekile. Akufanele kube nokopha, ukukhula, izilonda, noma ukuvuvukala.

I-EGD engajwayelekile ingaba umphumela we:

• Isifo se-Celiac (ukulimala emgqeni wamathumbu amancane kusuka ekuphenduleni kokudla i-gluten)
• Ama-esophageal varices (imithambo evuvukile emgqeni wesisu obangelwa yi-cirrhosis yesibindi)
• I-Esophagitis (ulwelwesi lwe-esophagus luyavuvukala noma luvuvuke)
• I-Gastritis (ulwelwesi lwesisu ne-duodenum iyavuvukala noma ivuvukele)
• Isifo se-reflux se-Gastroesophageal (isimo lapho ukudla noma uketshezi oluvela esiswini luvuza emuva lubuyele esophagus)
• I-hiatal hernia (isimo lapho ingxenye yesisu inamathela esifubeni ngokuvula esikhaleni)
• I-Mallory-Weiss syndrome (yehla izinyembezi emgodini)
• Ukuncipha kwesikhala, njengasesimweni esibizwa ngendandatho yokuqunjelwa
• Izicubu noma umdlavuza esiswini, esiswini, noma e-duodenum (ingxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane)
• Izilonda, isisu (isisu) noma i-duodenal (amathumbu amancane)

Kukhona ithuba elincane lomgodi (ukugcotshwa) esiswini, i-duodenum, noma i-esophagus kusuka esikalini esihamba kulezi zindawo. Kukhona nengozi encane yokopha endaweni ye-biopsy.

Ungaba nokuphendula kumuthi osetshenzisiwe ngesikhathi senqubo, okungadala:

• I-apnea (ayiphefumuli)
• Ukuphefumula kanzima (ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula)
• Ukujuluka okweqile
• Umfutho wegazi ophansi (hypotension)
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane (bradycardia)
• Ukuqhuma komphimbo (i-laryngospasm)

I-Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; I-endoscopy engenhla; I-Gastroscopy

• Ukukhishwa kwe-gastroesophageal - ukukhipha

• I-endoscopy yesisu
• I-Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

I-Koch MA, iZurad EG. I-Esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Ku: Fowler GC, ed. Izinqubo zePfenninger & Fowler Zokunakekelwa Okuyinhloko. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 91.

UVargo JJ. Ukulungiselela kanye nezinkinga ze-GI endoscopy. Ku: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, ama-eds. ISleisenger neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: IPathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 41.