Izinguquko zokuguga emaphashini
Amaphaphu anemisebenzi emibili eyinhloko. Enye ukuthola umoya-mpilo emoyeni ungene emzimbeni. Okunye ukukhipha isikhutha emzimbeni. Umzimba wakho udinga i-oxygen ukuze usebenze kahle. ICarbon dioxide igesi ekhiqizwa ngumzimba lapho isebenzisa umoya-mpilo.
Ngesikhathi sokuphefumula, umoya uyangena uphume emaphashini. Uma uphefumula (udonsa umoya), umoya ugeleza ngemigwaqo yomoya ungene emaphashini. Izindlela zomoya zenziwa ngezicubu ezinwebekayo. Amabhande emisipha nezinye izicubu ezisekelayo zisonga ohlangothini ngalunye lomoya ukusiza ukuzigcina zivulekile.
Umoya uqhubeka ugelezela emaphashini uze ugcwalise amasaka amancane omoya. Igazi lizungeza la masaka omoya ngemithambo yegazi emincane ebizwa ngokuthi ama-capillaries. Umoya-mpilo uwela ungene egazini lapho kuhlangana khona imithambo yegazi namasaka omoya. Yilapho futhi lapho i-carbon dioxide iwela khona isuka egazini iye emaphashini iyophefumulelwa ngaphandle (ithathe umoya).
UKUGUQUKA OKUGUXEKILE EMZIMBENI WAKHO KANYE NOKUTHINTA KWABO EMAPHUNGWINI
Izinguquko emathanjeni nasemisipha yesifuba nomgogodla:
- Amathambo aba mancane futhi ashintshe ukuma. Lokhu kungashintsha ukwakheka kwembambo yakho. Ngenxa yalokhu, ubambo lwakho alukwazi ukunwebeka futhi lwenze isivumelwano ngesikhathi sokuphefumula.
- Imisipha esekela ukuphefumula kwakho, i-diaphragm, iba buthakathaka. Lobu buthakathaka bungakuvimbela ekuphefumuleni umoya owanele ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
Lezi zinguquko emathanjeni nasemisipheni yakho zingehlisa izinga le-oxygen emzimbeni wakho. Futhi, kungakhishwa isikhutha esincane emzimbeni wakho. Izimpawu ezinjengokukhathala nokuphefumula kancane kungavela.
Izinguquko ezicutshini zamaphaphu:
- Imisipha nezinye izicubu eziseduze nohambo lwakho lomoya zingalahlekelwa amandla azo okugcina imigwaqo yomoya ivuleke ngokuphelele. Lokhu kudala ukuthi imigwaqo yomoya ivaleke kalula.
- Ukuguga nakho kudala ukuthi izikhwama zomoya zilahlekelwe ukwakheka kwazo futhi ziba isikhwama.
Lezi zinguquko ezicutshini zamaphaphu zingavumela umoya ukuthi ubhajwe emaphashini akho. I-oxygen encane kakhulu ingangena emithanjeni yakho yegazi futhi kukhishwe isikhutha esincane. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.
Izinguquko ohlelweni lwezinzwa:
- Ingxenye yobuchopho elawula ukuphefumula ingase ilahlekelwe umsebenzi wayo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, amaphaphu akho awakwazi ukuthola umoya-mpilo owenele. Ayanele i-carbon dioxide engashiya amaphaphu. Ukuphefumula kungaba nzima kakhulu.
- Imithambo ezindleleni zakho zomoya ezibangela ukukhwehlela iba buthakathaka. Izinhlayiya eziningi ezifana nentuthu noma amagciwane zingaqoqa emaphashini futhi kungaba nzima ukukhwehlela.
Izinguquko kumasosha omzimba:
- Amasosha akho omzimba angancipha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho awukwazi ukulwa nezifo zamaphaphu nezinye izifo.
- Amaphaphu akho nawo awakwazi ukululama ngemuva kokuvezwa intuthu noma ezinye izinhlayiya eziyingozi.
IZINKINGA EZIVAMILE
Ngenxa yalolu shintsho, abantu asebekhulile basengozini enkulu yoku:
- Ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu, njenge-pneumonia ne-bronchitis
- Ukuphelelwa umoya
- Izinga le-oxygen ephansi
- Amaphethini angajwayelekile okuphefumula, okuholela ezinkingeni ezinjenge-apnea yokulala (iziqephu zokuyeka ukuphefumula ngesikhathi sokulala)
UKUVIMBELA
Ukwehlisa imiphumela yokuguga emaphashini:
- UNGABHALI. Ukubhema kulimaza amaphaphu futhi kusheshisa ukuguga kwamaphaphu.
- Yenza ukuvivinya umzimba ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kwamaphaphu.
- Sukuma unyakaze. Ukulala embhedeni noma ukuhlala isikhathi eside kuvumela amafinyila ukuqoqa emaphashini. Lokhu kukubeka engcupheni yokungenwa ngamaphaphu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma lapho ugula.
EZINYE IZINGUQUKO EZIPHATHELENE NOKUDALA
Njengoba ukhula, uzoba nolunye ushintsho, olufaka:
- Kwezitho, izicubu, namaseli
- Emathanjeni, emisipheni nasemalungeni
- Enhliziyweni nasemithanjeni yegazi
- Ngezimpawu ezibalulekile
- I-cilia yokuphefumula
- Izinguquko ezicutshini zamaphaphu ngobudala
UDavies GA, uBolton CE. Izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala ohlelweni lokuphefumula. Ku: Gcwalisa i-HM, i-Rockwood K, i-Young J, ama-eds. Incwadi kaBrocklehurst ye-Geriatric Medicine ne-Gerontology. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 17.
UMeuleman J, uKallas HE. Izindlela zokudla. Ku: IHarward MP, ed. Izimfihlo Zezokwelapha. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 18.
UWalston JD. I-sequelae ejwayelekile yomtholampilo yokuguga. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 22.