Ukwelashwa kwe-thrombolytic

Ukwelashwa kwe-thrombolytic ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ukuhlukanisa noma ukuncibilikisa amahlule egazi, okuyizimbangela eziyinhloko zokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi.

Imithi ye-thrombolytic ivunyelwe ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo kwesifo sohlangothi nesifo senhliziyo. Isidakamizwa esisetshenziswa kakhulu ukwelashwa kwe-thrombolytic yisicubu se-activator ye-plasminogen (tPA), kepha ezinye izidakamizwa zingenza into efanayo.

Okufanelekile, kufanele uthole imithi ye-thrombolytic ngaphakathi kwemizuzu yokuqala engama-30 ngemuva kokufika esibhedlela ukuzokwelashwa.

UKUHLASELWA YINHLIZIYO

Ukuqina kwegazi kungavimbela imithambo yegazi iye enhliziyweni. Lokhu kungadala isifo senhliziyo, lapho ingxenye ethile yemisipha yenhliziyo ifa ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo olethwa yigazi.

I-Thrombolytics isebenza ngokuqothula i-clot enkulu ngokushesha. Lokhu kusiza ukuqala kabusha ukugeleza kwegazi kuye enhliziyweni futhi kusiza ukuvimbela ukulimala kwemisipha yenhliziyo. I-Thrombolytics ingamisa isifo senhliziyo ebesingaba sikhulu noma sibe yingozi. Imiphumela ingcono uma uthola umuthi we-thrombolytic kungakapheli amahora angu-12 ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo. Kepha ukwelashwa ngokushesha kuqala, iba ngcono imiphumela.

Isidakamizwa sibuyisa ukugeleza kwegazi liye enhliziyweni yabantu abaningi. Kodwa-ke, ukugeleza kwegazi kungahle kungabi okujwayelekile ngokuphelele futhi kusengaba nenani elincane lemisipha elonakele. Ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo, njenge-catheterization yenhliziyo ene-angioplasty nokuthungela, kungadingeka.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzosekela izinqumo zokuthi angakunika yini umuthi we-thrombolytic wesifo senhliziyo ezicini eziningi. Lezi zinto zifaka umlando wakho wezinhlungu zesifuba nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-ECG.

Ezinye izinto ezisetshenziselwe ukunquma ukuthi ingabe ungumuntu olungele ukhetho lwe-thrombolytics zifaka:

• Ubudala (abantu abadala basengozini enkulu yezinkinga)
• Ucansi
• Umlando wezokwelapha (kufaka phakathi umlando wakho wokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kwangaphambilini, isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophansi, noma ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo)

Ngokuvamile, i-thrombolytics kungenzeka inganikezwa uma une:

• Ukulimala ekhanda muva nje
• Izinkinga zokopha
• Izilonda zokopha
• Ukukhulelwa
• Ukuhlinzwa kwakamuva
• Ithathwe imithi yokuncipha igazi efana neCoumadin
• Ukuhlukumezeka
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki (onzima)

UKUSHAYINA

Imivimbo eminingi idalwa lapho amahlule egazi ehambisa emthanjeni wegazi ebuchosheni futhi avimba ukugeleza kwegazi kuya kuleyo ndawo. Ngemivimbo enjalo (imivimbo ye-ischemic), i-thrombolytics ingasetshenziswa ukusiza ukuncibilikisa i-clot ngokushesha. Ukunikeza i-thrombolytics kungakapheli amahora amathathu wezimpawu zokuqala zesifo kungasiza ukunciphisa ukulimala kohlangothi nokukhubazeka.

Isinqumo sokunikeza umuthi sincike kulokhu:

• Iskena se-CT sokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukaze kuphume gazi
• Ukuhlolwa komzimba okubonisa unhlangothi obalulekile
• Umlando wakho wezokwelapha

Njengasekuhlaselweni yisifo senhliziyo, umuthi oncibilikisa ihlwili akuvamisile ukunikwa uma unenye yezinkinga zezokwelapha ezibalwe ngenhla.

I-Thrombolytics ayinikezwa umuntu onesifo sohlangothi okubandakanya ukopha ebuchosheni. Bangasibhebhethekisa isifo sohlangothi ngokubangela ukopha okwengeziwe.

IZINGOZI

Ukopha kuyingozi ejwayelekile kakhulu. Kungasongela impilo.

Ukopha okuncane okuvela ezinsinini noma ekhaleni kungenzeka kubantu abacishe babe ngama-25% abathola lo muthi. Ukopha ebuchosheni kwenzeka cishe i-1% lesikhathi. Le ngozi iyafana kuzo zombili iziguli ezinesifo sohlangothi nezokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Uma i-thrombolytics izwakala iyingozi kakhulu, ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa ezingaba khona ngenxa yesifo sohlangothi noma isifo senhliziyo zifaka:

• Ukususwa kwehlwili (thrombectomy)
• Inqubo yokuvula imithambo yegazi encishisiwe noma evinjiwe ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni noma ebuchosheni

XHUMANA NOMhlinzeki WOKUNAKEKELWA KWEZEMPILO NOMA FONELA 911

Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi yizimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha. Ukwelashwa ngokushesha nge-thrombolytics kuqala, kungcono ithuba lokuba nomphumela omuhle.

Isishoshovu se-plasminogen sezicubu; TPA; I-Alteplase; Faka kabusha; I-Tenecteplase; Yenza kusebenze i-ejenti ye-thrombolytic; Ama-ejenti wokuqothula ama-Clot; Ukwelashwa kabusha; Unhlangothi - thrombolytic; Isifo senhliziyo - thrombolytic; I-embolism enhle - i-thrombolytic; I-thrombosis - i-thrombolytic; I-Lanoteplase; IStaphylokinase; IStreptokinase (SK); Urokinase; Unhlangothi - ukwelashwa thrombolytic; Isifo senhliziyo - ukwelashwa kwe-thrombolytic; Unhlangothi - thrombolysis; Isifo senhliziyo - thrombolysis; I-infarction ye-myocardial - i-thrombolysis

• Unhlangothi
• I-Thrombus
• Thumela imikhondo yamagagasi we-ECG ye-myocardial infarction

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UCrocco TJ, uMeurer WJ. Unhlangothi. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 91.

UJaffer IH, Weitz JI. Izidakamizwa ze-Antithrombotic. Ku: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, ama-eds. I-Hematology: Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Nokuzijwayeza. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 149.

U-OGara PT, uKushner FG, u-Ascheim DD, et al. Umhlahlandlela we-ACCF / AHA ka-2013 wokuphathwa kwe-ST-elevation myocardial infarction: umbiko we-American College of Cardiology Foundation / American Heart Association Task Force on Guidelines Practice. Ukujikeleza. 2013; 127 (4): 529-555. I-PMID: 23247303 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23247303/.