Ukuqhuma

Umhuzuko yindawo yokuguqulwa kwesikhumba. Ukulimazeka kwenzeka lapho imithambo yegazi emincane iphuka futhi ivuza okuqukethwe kwayo ezicutshini ezithambile ngaphansi kwesikhumba.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zemivimbo:

• Ngaphansi kwesikhumba - ngaphansi kwesikhumba
• I-Intramuscular - ngaphakathi kwesisu somsipha ongaphansi
• I-Periosteal - ukulimala kwamathambo

Imivimbo ingahlala kusuka ezinyangeni kuye ezinyangeni. Ukulimazeka kwethambo yikhona okunzima kakhulu futhi okubuhlungu kakhulu.

Imivimbo ivame ukubangelwa ukuwa, ukulimala kwezemidlalo, izingozi zemoto, noma ukushaywa okutholwe kwabanye abantu noma izinto.

Uma uthatha igazi elincanyana, njenge-aspirin, i-warfarin (i-Coumadin, i-Jantoven), i-dabigatran (i-Pradaxa), i-rivaroxaban powder (i-Xarelto), i-apixaban (i-Eliquis), noma i-clopidogrel (i-Plavix), kungenzeka ulimale kalula.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, nokuguqulwa kwesikhumba. Umhuzuko uqala njengombala obomvana obomvana obuthambile ongathinta. Imvamisa kunzima ukusebenzisa isicubu esilimele. Isibonelo, ukulinyazwa kwethanga elijulile kubuhlungu lapho uhamba noma ugijima.

Ekugcineni, umhuzuko ushintshela kumbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bese uphuzi ngokuluhlaza okotshani, bese ekugcineni ubuyela kumbala wesikhumba ojwayelekile njengoba uphola.

• Beka iqhwa ekulimaleni ukuze ulisheshe liphole futhi linciphise ukuvuvukala. Songa iqhwa ngethawula elihlanzekile. Ungabeki iqhwa ngqo esikhunjeni. Faka iqhwa imizuzu engaba ngu-15 njalo ngehora.
• Gcina indawo elimele iphakanyisiwe ngenhla kwenhliziyo, uma kungenzeka. Lokhu kusiza ekugcineni igazi lingangeni ezicutshini ezilimele.
• Zama ukuphumuza ingxenye yomzimba elimele ngokungasebenzi ngokweqile imisipha yakho kuleyo ndawo.
• Uma kudingeka, thatha i-acetaminophen (Tylenol) ukusiza ukunciphisa izinhlungu.

Esimweni esingajwayelekile se-compartment syndrome, ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa ukukhulula ukucindezela okwedlulele. ICompartment syndrome ibangelwa ukucindezela okwandayo kwezicubu nezakhiwo ezithambile ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Kunganciphisa ukunikezwa kwegazi ne-oksijini ezicutshini.

• Ungazami ukukhipha ukulimaza ngenaliti.
• Ungaqhubeki nokugijima, ukudlala, noma usebenzisa enye ingxenye ebuhlungu, elimele yomzimba wakho.
• Ungabunaki ubuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo khona manjalo uma uzizwa unengcindezi enkulu engxenyeni elimele yomzimba wakho, ikakhulukazi uma indawo inkulu noma ibuhlungu kakhulu. Lokhu kungabangelwa yi-compartment syndrome, futhi kungasongela impilo. Kufanele uthole ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo.

Fonela nomhlinzeki wakho uma:

• Ulimaza ngaphandle kokulimala, ukuwa, noma esinye isizathu.
• Kunezimpawu zokutheleleka ezungeze indawo elinyaziwe kufaka phakathi imicu yokubomvu, ubomvu noma amanye amanzi, noma umkhuhlane.

Ngenxa yokuthi imihuzuko imvamisa ingumphumela oqondile wokulimala, okulandelayo izincomo zokuphepha ezibalulekile:

• Fundisa izingane indlela yokuphepha.
• Qaphela ukugwema ukuwa okuzungeze indlu. Isibonelo, qaphela lapho ukhwela ezitebhisini noma kwezinye izinto. Gwema ukuma noma ukuguqa eziqongweni zokuphikisa.
• Bopha amabhande esihlalo ezimotweni.
• Gqoka imishini efanelekile yezemidlalo ukugoqa lezo zindawo ezilinyazwe kaningi, njengamaphakethe ethanga, onogada bezinqe, namaphakethe endololwana ebholeni naseHockey. Gqoka onogada be-shin namaphakethe emadolo ebholeni nakwe-basketball.

Ukuxubana; IHematoma

• Ukulimala kwamathambo
• Ukulimala kwemisipha
• Ukulimala kwesikhumba
• Ukuphulukisa kwe-Bruise - uchungechunge

I-Buttaravoli P, Leffler SM. Ukuhlanganiswa (ukulimaza). Ku: Buttaravoli P, Leffler SM, ama-eds. Izimo Eziphuthumayo Ezincane. 3rd ed. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2012: isahluko 137.

UCameron P. Trauma. Ku: Cameron P, Jelinek G, Kelly AM, Brown A, Little M, abahleli. Incwadi Yemithi Ephuthumayo Yabantu Abadala. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2015: 71-162.