I-valve yamaphaphu engekho

I-valve yamaphaphu engekho i-defect esingajwayelekile lapho i-valve yamaphaphu ilahlekile noma yakhiwa kabi. Igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo ligeleza ngale valve lisuka enhliziyweni liye emaphashini, lapho lithatha khona umoya-mpilo omusha. Lesi simo sikhona ngesikhathi sokuzalwa (esizalwa naso).

I-valve yamaphaphu engekho ivele lapho i-valve yamaphaphu ingakhi noma ikhule kahle ngenkathi ingane isesibelethweni sikanina. Uma ikhona, ivame ukwenzeka njengengxenye yesimo senhliziyo esibizwa nge-tetralogy of Fallot. Kutholakala kubantu ababalelwa ku-3% kuye ku-6% abane-tetralogy of Fallot.

Lapho i-valve yamaphaphu ingekho noma ingasebenzi kahle, igazi alihambi kahle emaphashini ukuze lithole umoya-mpilo owenele.

Ezimweni eziningi, kukhona imbobo phakathi kwama-ventricles angakwesobunxele nangakwesokudla senhliziyo (i-ventricular septal defect). Lokhu kukhubazeka kuzophinde kuholele ekutheni kukhishwe igazi elinomoya-mpilo omncane emzimbeni.

Isikhumba sizoba nokubonakala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-cyanosis), ngoba igazi lomzimba liqukethe inani eliphansi lomoya-mpilo.

I-valve yamaphaphu engekho ibuye ibangele imithambo yegazi yamaphaphu ekhulisiwe (evulekile) yegazi (imithambo ehambisa igazi emaphashini ukuyolanda i-oxygen). Zingakhuliswa kakhulu kangangokuba zicindezela amashubhu aletha umoya-mpilo emaphashini (i-bronchi). Lokhu kudala izinkinga zokuphefumula.

Okunye ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okungenzeka nge-valve yamaphaphu engekho kufaka:

• I-valve engavamile ye-tricuspid
• Isici se-atrial septal
• I-ventricle yesokudla ephindwe kabili
• I-Ductus arteriosis
• I-Endocardial cushion defect
• Isifo seMarfan
• I-Tricuspid atresia
• Umthambo wamaphaphu ongasekho

Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezenzeka nge-valve yamaphaphu engekho kungenzeka zibangelwe ukukhubazeka kuzakhi zofuzo ezithile.

Izimpawu zingahluka ngokuya ngokuthi yiziphi ezinye izinkinga usana anazo, kepha zingafaka:

• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esikhunjeni (cyanosis)
• Ukukhwehlela
• Ukwehluleka ukuchuma
• Ukudla okungekuhle
• Ukuphefumula ngokushesha
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula
• Ukuqhuma

Kungatholwa i-valve yamaphaphu engekho ngaphambi kokuba ingane izalwe inesivivinyo esisebenzisa amagagasi omsindo ukwakha isithombe senhliziyo (i-echocardiogram).

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakuzwa ukububula esifubeni sengane.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-valve yamaphaphu engekho kukhona:

• Isivivinyo sokulinganisa umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo (i-electrocardiogram)
• Ukuskena kwe-Heart CT
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-Echocardiogram
• I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) yenhliziyo

Izinsana ezinezimpawu zokuphefumula ngokuvamile zidinga ukuhlinzwa khona manjalo. Izinsana ezingenazo izimpawu ezinzima zivame ukuhlinzwa ezinyangeni zokuqala ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6 zokuphila.

Ngokuya ngohlobo lokunye ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo ingane enakho, ukuhlinzwa kungabandakanya:

• Ukuvala imbobo odongeni phakathi kwama-ventricles angakwesobunxele nangakwesokudla senhliziyo (i-ventricular septal defect)
• Ukuvala isitsha segazi esixhumanisa i-aorta nomthambo wamaphaphu (ductus arteriosis)
• Kukhulisa ukugeleza kusuka ku-ventricle efanele kuye emaphashini

Izinhlobo zokuhlinzekwa kwe-valve yamaphaphu engekho zifaka:

• Ukuhambisa umthambo wamaphaphu ngaphambili kwe-aorta futhi kude nemigwaqo yomoya
• Ukwakha kabusha udonga lwe-artery emaphashini ukunciphisa ingcindezi ezindleleni zomoya (i-pulicary plication nokunciphisa i-arterioplasty)
• Ukwakha kabusha i-windpipe kanye namashubhu okuphefumula aya emaphashini
• Ukufaka esikhundleni se-valve engavamile yamaphaphu ngeyodwa ethathwe ezicutshini zomuntu noma zesilwane

Izinsana ezinezimpawu zokuphefumula ezinzima zingadinga ukuthola i-oxygen noma zibekwe emshinini wokuphefumula (i-ventilator) ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa.

Ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa, izingane eziningi ezinezinkinga ezinzima zamaphaphu zizofa.

Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlinzwa kungaselapha lesi simo futhi kudambise izimpawu. Imiphumela ivame ukuba mihle kakhulu.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho (ithumba)
• Ukuwa kwamaphaphu (atelectasis)
• Inyumoniya
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo emaceleni angakwesokudla
• Unhlangothi

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma usana lwakho lunezimpawu ze-valve yamaphaphu engekho. Uma unomlando womndeni wokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Yize ingekho indlela yokuvikela lesi simo, imindeni ingahlolwa ukuthola ubungozi bayo bokukhubazeka okuzalwe nakho.

Isifo se-valve samaphaphu esingekho; Ukungabikho kokuzalwa kwe-valve yamaphaphu; I-valve agenesis yamaphaphu; Isifo senhliziyo i-cyanotic - i-valve yamaphaphu; Isifo senhliziyo esizelwe - i-valve yamaphaphu; Inhliziyo yokukhubazeka kokuzalwa - i-valve yamaphaphu

• I-valve yamaphaphu engekho
• I-Cyanotic ’Tet spell’
• I-Tetralogy of Fallot

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