Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Scoliosis ezinganeni

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Scoliosis kulungisa ukugobeka okungavamile komgogodla (scoliosis). Umgomo ukuqondisa ngokuphepha umgogodla wengane yakho futhi uqondanise amahlombe nezinqulu zengane yakho ukulungisa inkinga yangemuva yengane yakho.

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ingane yakho izothola i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Le yimithi ebeka ingane yakho ebuthongweni obukhulu futhi iyenze ingakwazi ukuzwa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo wengane yakho uzosebenzisa okufakelwa, njengezinti zensimbi, izingwegwe, izikulufo, noma amanye amadivayisi wensimbi ukuze aqondise umgogodla wengane yakho futhi asekele amathambo omgogodla. Amathambo afakwa ukubamba umgogodla endaweni efanele nokuwugcina ungagobeki futhi.

Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza okungenani ukusika okukodwa kokuhlinzwa (ukusika) ukufika emgogodleni wengane yakho. Lokhu kusika kungenzeka kube semhlane, esifubeni, noma kuzo zombili izindawo zengane yakho. Udokotela ohlinzayo angenza futhi inqubo esebenzisa ikhamera ekhethekile yevidiyo.

• Ukusikwa kokuhlinzwa ngemuva kubizwa ngokuthi indlela yangemuva. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukuthatha amahora amaningana.
• Ukusikwa odongeni lwesifuba kubizwa ngokuthi i-thoracotomy. Udokotela ohlinzayo usika esifubeni sengane yakho, ukhinyabeze iphaphu, futhi uvame ukususa ubambo. Ukubuyiselwa emuva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukushesha.
• Abanye odokotela abahlinzayo benza zombili lezi zindlela ngokubambisana. Lokhu ukusebenza okude futhi okunzima kakhulu.
• Ukuhlinzekwa nge-thoracoscopic (VATS) okusizwa ngevidiyo kungenye inqubo. Isetshenziselwa izinhlobo ezithile zamajika omgogodla. Kuthatha ikhono eliningi, futhi akubona bonke abahlinzayo abaqeqeshelwe ukukwenza. Ingane kufanele ifake izicathulo ezihlanganiswe ngensimbi noma ngeplangwe zokuqondisa izinyawo ezibhekene zezingane cishe izinyanga ezintathu ngemuva kwale nqubo.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa:

• Udokotela ohlinzayo uzosusa imisipha eceleni ngemuva kokusika.
• Amalunga phakathi kwama-vertebrae ahlukene (amathambo omgogodla) azokhishwa.
• Kuvame ukufakwa okuxhunyaniswa ngamathambo ukuze kufakwe ezinye.
• Izinsimbi zensimbi, njengezinduku, izikulufu, izingwegwe, noma izintambo nazo zizobekwa ukusiza ukubamba umgogodla ndawonye kuze kufike lapho kuthinteka khona amathambo kuphulukise.

Udokotela ohlinzayo angathola ithambo lokuxhunyelelwa ngalezi zindlela:

• Udokotela ohlinzayo angathatha ithambo kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba wengane yakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-autograft. Ithambo elithathwe emzimbeni womuntu livame ukuba ngcono kakhulu.
• Ithambo lingakhishwa futhi ebhange lamathambo, kufana nebhange legazi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-allograft. Lokhu kungenelela akuphumeleli ngaso sonke isikhathi njengama-autografts.
• I-Manmade (synthetic) bone substitute nayo ingasetshenziswa.

Ukuhlinzwa okuhlukile kusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsimbi zensimbi. Lezi zivame ukushiywa emzimbeni ngemuva kokuthi ithambo lihlangane ndawonye.

Izinhlobo ezintsha zokuhlinzwa kwe-scoliosis azidingi ukuhlanganiswa. Esikhundleni salokho, ukuhlinza kusebenzisa okufakelwa ukulawula ukukhula komgogodla.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwe-scoliosis, udokotela ohlinzayo uzosebenzisa imishini ekhethekile ukubheka izinzwa ezivela emgogodleni ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azilimazi.

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Scoliosis kuvame ukuthatha amahora amane kuya kwayisithupha.

Ama-brace avame ukuzama kuqala ukugcina ijika lingabi libi kakhulu. Kepha, lapho zingasasebenzi, umhlinzeki wokunakekelwa kwezempilo wengane uzoncoma ukuhlinzwa.

Kunezizathu eziningana zokwelapha i-scoliosis:

• Ukubukeka kuyinkinga enkulu.
• I-Scoliosis ivame ukudala izinhlungu emuva.
• Uma ijika linzima ngokwanele, i-scoliosis ithinta ukuphefumula kwengane yakho.

Ukukhethwa kokuthi uzohlinzwa nini kuzohluka.

• Ngemuva kokuthi amathambo emathambo eyeke ukukhula, ijika akufanele limbi kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, udokotela ohlinzayo angalinda kuze kube yilapho amathambo engane yakho eyeka ukukhula.
• Ingane yakho ingadinga ukuhlinzwa ngaphambi kwalokhu uma ijika lomgogodla linzima noma liba libi ngokushesha.

Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukunconywa kulezi zingane ezilandelayo kanye nentsha ene-scoliosis yesizathu esingaziwa (idiopathic scoliosis):

• Bonke abantu abasha abanamathambo abo avuthiwe, futhi abanejika eliba ngaphezu kwama-45 degrees.
• Izingane ezikhulayo lapho ijika lazo lidlule ama-degree angama-40. (Akubona bonke odokotela abavumelana ngokuthi ngabe zonke izingane ezinamajika angama-40 degrees kufanele zihlinzwe yini.)

Kungaba nezinkinga nganoma yiziphi izinqubo zokulungiswa kwe-scoliosis.

Izingozi ze-anesthesia nokuhlinzwa ngokujwayelekile yilezi:

• Ukusabela emithini noma ezinkingeni zokuphefumula
• Ukopha, amahlule egazi, noma ukutheleleka

Izingozi zokuhlinzwa kwe-scoliosis yilezi:

• Ukwehla kwegazi okudinga ukumpontshelwa.
• Ama-gallstones noma i-pancreatitis (ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe)
• Ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu (ukuvinjelwa).
• Ukulimala kwemithambo okubangela ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukukhubazeka (okungajwayelekile)
• Izinkinga zamaphaphu kuze kube yisonto elilodwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ukuphefumula kungahle kungabuyeli kokujwayelekile kuze kube izinyanga eziyi-1 kuya kwezi-2 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Izinkinga ezingakhula ngokuzayo zifaka:

• Ukuhlangana akuphulukisi. Lokhu kungaholela esimweni esibuhlungu lapho ilunga lamanga likhula khona esizeni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-pseudarthrosis.
• Izingxenye zomgogodla ezihlanganisiwe azisakwazi ukuhamba. Lokhu kubeka ingcindezi kwezinye izingxenye zangemuva. Ingcindezi eyengeziwe ingadala izinhlungu emuva futhi yenze ukuthi amadiski adilike (ukwehla kwediski).
• Ingwegwe yensimbi ebekwe emgogodleni ingahamba kancane. Noma, induku yensimbi ingahlikihla endaweni ebucayi. Zombili lezi zingadala izinhlungu ezithile.
• Izinkinga ezintsha zomgogodla zingakhula, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezihlinzwa ngaphambi kokuba umgogodla uyeke ukukhula.

Tshela umhlinzeki wengane yakho ukuthi imiphi imithi ethathwa ingane yakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imithi, izithasiselo, noma amakhambi owathengile ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela.

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa:

• Ingane yakho izohlolwa ngokuphelele ngudokotela.
• Ingane yakho izofunda ngokuhlinzwa nokuthi yini ongayilindela.
• Ingane yakho izofunda ukwenza izivivinyo ezikhethekile zokuphefumula ukusiza amaphaphu ukuthi alulame ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.
• Ingane yakho izofundiswa izindlela ezikhethekile zokwenza izinto zansuku zonke ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuvikela umgogodla. Lokhu kufaka ukufunda ukuthi ungahamba kanjani kahle, ushintshe ukusuka kwesinye isikhundla uye kwesinye, nokuhlala, ukuma nokuhamba. Ingane yakho izotshelwa ukuthi isebenzise inqubo ye- "log-rolling" lapho ivuka embhedeni. Lokhu kusho ukuhambisa wonke umzimba ngasikhathi sinye ukugwema ukusonteka umgogodla.
• Umhlinzeki wengane yakho uzokhuluma nawe mayelana nokuthi ingane yakho igcine enye yegazi layo cishe inyanga ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthi igazi lengane yakho uqobo lisetshenziswe uma ukumpontshelwa kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Phakathi namasonto ama-2 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa:

• Uma ingane yakho ibhema, kufanele iyeke. Abantu abane-fusion yomgogodla futhi abagcina ukubhema abapholi futhi. Cela usizo kudokotela.
• Emasontweni amabili ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela angakucela ukuthi uyeke ukunika ingane yakho imishanguzo eyenza kube nzima ukuthi igazi ligodle. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn).
• Buza udokotela wengane yakho ukuthi yimiphi imithi okufanele usayinikeza ingane yakho ngosuku lokuhlinzwa.
• Yazisa udokotela ngaso leso sikhathi lapho ingane yakho inamakhaza, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma kwe-herpes, noma okunye ukugula ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa:

• Cishe uzocelwa ukuthi unganiki ingane yakho noma yini ukuthi idle noma iphuze amahora ayi-6 kuya kwayi-12 ngaphambi kwenqubo.
• Nikeza ingane yakho noma imiphi imithi udokotela akutshele yona ukuthi uyinikeze ngesiphuzo esincane samanzi.
• Qiniseka ukuthi ufika esibhedlela ngesikhathi.

Ingane yakho izodinga ukuhlala esibhedlela izinsuku ezingaba ngu-3 kuya kwezingu-4 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Umgogodla olungisiwe kufanele ugcinwe usesimweni esifanele ukuwugcina uhambelana. Uma ukuhlinzwa kuhilela ukusika kokuhlinzwa esifubeni, ingane yakho ingahle ibe neshubhu esifubeni ukukhipha uketshezi oketshezi. Le tube isuswa kaningi ngemuva kwamahora angama-24 kuye kwangama-72.

Ipayipi (ishubhu) lingafakwa esinyeni ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ukusiza ingane yakho ichame.

Isisu namathumbu engane yakho kungenzeka kungasebenzi izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ingane yakho ingadinga ukuthola uketshezi nokondleka ngomugqa we-intravenous (IV).

Ingane yakho izothola umuthi wezinhlungu esibhedlela. Ekuqaleni, umuthi ungalethwa ngepayipi elikhethekile elifakwe emhlane wengane yakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, ipompo lingasetshenziswa ukulawula ukuthi ingane yakho ithola umuthi wezinhlungu ezingakanani. Ingane yakho nayo ingathola isibhamu noma iphuze amaphilisi ezinhlungu.

Ingane yakho ingaba ne-cast body noma i-brace body.

Landela noma imiphi imiyalelo oyinikezwayo yokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani ingane yakho ekhaya.

Umgogodla wengane yakho kufanele ubukeke uqonde kakhulu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Kusazoba nejika elithile. Kuthatha okungenani izinyanga ezi-3 ukuthi amathambo omgogodla ahlangane kahle. Kuzothatha unyaka owodwa kuya kwemibili ukuthi zixube ngokuphelele.

I-Fusion iyeka ukukhula emgogodleni. Lokhu akuvamile ukukhathazeka ngoba ukukhula okuningi kwenzeka emathanjeni amade omzimba, njengamathambo omlenze. Izingane ezinalokhu kuhlinzwa cishe zizothola ukuphakama kukho kokubili ukukhula emilenzeni nasekutholeni umgogodla oqondile.

Ukuhlinzwa kokugobeka komgogodla - ingane; Ukuhlinzwa kweKyphoscoliosis - ingane; Ukuhlinzwa kwe-thoracoscopic okusizwa ngevidiyo - ingane; I-VATS - ingane

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I-Warner WC, iSawyer JR. I-Scoliosis ne-kyphosis. Ku: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Kanale ST, ama-eds. I-Operational Orthopedics yaseCampbell. Umhlaka 13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 44.

I-Yang S, i-Andras LM, i-Redding GJ, i-Skaggs DL. I-scoliosis yokuqala kokuqala: ukubuyekezwa komlando, ukwelashwa kwamanje, nezinkomba zesikhathi esizayo. Izifo zezingane. 2016; 137 (1): e20150709. I-PMID: 26644484 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26644484.