Ingane yakho nomkhuhlane

Umkhuhlane isifo esisakazeka kalula. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili zinengozi enkulu yokuba nezinkinga uma zithola umkhuhlane.

Imininingwane ekulesi sihloko ihlanganiswe ukukusiza ukuvikela izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili emkhuhlane. Lokhu akuyona indawo yezeluleko zezokwelapha ezivela kumhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Uma ucabanga ukuthi ingane yakho ingaba nomkhuhlane, kufanele uxhumane nomhlinzeki ngokushesha.

IZIMPAWU ZE-FLU KWEZINGANE NEZINCANE

Umkhuhlane ukutheleleka kwamakhala, komphimbo, kanye (kwesinye isikhathi) namaphaphu. Shayela umhlinzeki wengane yakho uma ubona ezinye zalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ukwenza sengathi ukhathele futhi uyinhlamba isikhathi esiningi futhi ungondli kahle
• Khwehlela
• Uhudo nokuhlanza
• Unemfiva noma uzizwa efikelwa umkhuhlane (uma ingekho i-thermometer etholakalayo)
• Iphunga eligijimayo
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba nokuzizwa okuvamile

IPHATHELWA KANJANI IMFLUBE EZINGaneni?

Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala zizodinga ukwelashwa ngemithi elwa negciwane lomkhuhlane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi umuthi olwa namagciwane. Umuthi usebenza kahle kakhulu uma uqalwe kungakapheli amahora angama-48 ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu, uma kungenzeka.

I-Oseltamivir (iTamiflu) esefweni eliwuketshezi kungenzeka isetshenziswe. Ngemuva kokukhuluma ngengozi yemiphumela emibi uma ubhekene nezinkinga zomkhuhlane enganeni yakho, wena nomhlinzeki wakho ninganquma ukusebenzisa lo muthi ukwelapha umkhuhlane.

I-Acetaminophen (Tylenol) ne-ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) zisiza ukushisa komkhuhlane ezinganeni. Kwesinye isikhathi, umhlinzeki wakho uzokutshela ukuthi usebenzise zombili izinhlobo zemithi.

Njalo hlola umhlinzeki wakho ngaphambi kokunikeza noma imuphi umuthi obandayo usana lwakho noma usana.

INGABE INGANE YAMI KUFANELE IYITHOLE IVANGESI LEFLU?

Zonke izingane ezinezinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu kufanele zithole umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane, noma ngabe zibe nokugula okufana nomkhuhlane. Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane awuvunyelwe ezinganeni ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala.

• Ingane yakho izodinga umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane wesibili emasontweni amane emva kokuthola umuthi wokugoma okokuqala.
• Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zomuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane. Enye inikezwa njengesibhamu, enye ifafazwe emakhaleni engane yakho.

Umkhuhlane uqukethe ama-virus abulewe (angasebenzi). Akunakwenzeka ukuthola umkhuhlane kulolu hlobo lokugoma. Ukudutshulwa komkhuhlane kuvunyelwe abantu abaneminyaka engu-6 ubudala nangaphezulu.

Umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane wohlobo lwempumulo usebenzisa igciwane eliphilayo, elibuthakathaka esikhundleni selifile njengomkhuhlane. Kuvunyelwe izingane ezinempilo ezingaphezu kweminyaka emibili.

Noma ngubani ohlala noma oxhumana kakhulu nengane engaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kufanele abe nomkhuhlane.

INGABE UMVANGO WOKULIMA UMNTWANA WAMI?

Wena noma ingane yakho ANGEKE nithole umkhuhlane kunoma yimuphi umuthi wokugoma. Ezinye izingane zingathola umkhuhlane osezingeni eliphansi usuku noma ezimbili ngemuva kwesibhamu. Uma izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu zivela noma zihlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-2, kufanele ushayele umhlinzeki wakho.

Abanye abazali besaba ukuthi umuthi wokugoma ungalimaza ingane yabo. Kepha izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kweminyaka emibili zinamathuba amaningi okuthola umkhuhlane onzima kakhulu. Kunzima ukubikezela ukuthi ingane yakho ingagula kangakanani emkhuhlaneni ngoba izingane zivame ukuba nokugula okuncane ekuqaleni. Bangase bagule ngokushesha okukhulu.

Inani elincane le-mercury (elibizwa ngokuthi i-thimerosal) liyisilondolozi esivamile emithini yokugoma i-multidose. Naphezu kokukhathazeka, imithi yokugoma equkethe i-thimerosal ayiboniswanga ukuthi ibangela i-autism, i-ADHD, noma ezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha.

Kodwa-ke, yonke imigomo ejwayelekile iyatholakala ngaphandle kwe-thimerosal eyengeziwe. Buza umhlinzeki wakho uma bekunikeza lolu hlobo lomuthi wokugoma.

NGINGAYIVIKELA KANJANI INGANE YAMI ekutholeni i-FLU?

Noma ngubani onezimpawu zomkhuhlane akufanele anakekele usana olusanda kuzalwa noma usana, kufaka phakathi ukuncelisa. Uma umuntu onezimpawu kumele anakekele ingane, umnakekeli kufanele asebenzise isifihla-buso ebusweni futhi ageze izandla kahle. Noma ngubani oxhumana kakhulu nengane yakho kufanele enze okulandelayo:

• Vala ikhala nomlomo wakho ngezicubu uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula. Phonsa izicubu ngemuva kokuyisebenzisa.
• Geza izandla zakho kaningi ngensipho namanzi imizuzwana engu-15 kuya kwengu-20, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokukhwehlela noma ukuthimula. Ungasebenzisa futhi izihlanza ezenzelwe utshwala.

Uma ingane yakho ingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala futhi isondelene kakhulu nomuntu onomkhuhlane, yazisa umhlinzeki wakho.

UMA NGINEZIMPAWU ZOKUPHULELA, NGINGABANYANISA UMNTWANA WAMI?

Uma umama engaguli nomkhuhlane, ukuncelisa ibele kuyakhuthazwa.

Uma ugula, kungadingeka ukuthi uveze ubisi lwakho ukuze ulusebenzise ekuphakeleni ngamabhodlela okunikezwa ngumuntu onempilo. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi umntwana osanda kuzalwa abambe umkhuhlane ekuphuzeni ubisi lwakho lwebele lapho ugula. Ubisi lwebele lubhekwa njengoluphephile uma uthatha imishanguzo yokulwa namagciwane.

KUFANELE NGIMFONELE NINI UDOKOTELA?

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wengane yakho noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo uma:

• Ingane yakho ayenzi ukuqaphela noma ukunethezeka lapho umkhuhlane wehla.
• Izimpawu zomkhuhlane nomkhuhlane zibuya emuva kokuba sezihambile.
• Ingane ayinazinyembezi lapho ikhala.
• Amanabukeni engane awemanzi, noma ingane ayichamile emahoreni ayisishiyagalombili edlule.
• Ingane yakho inenkinga yokuphefumula.

Izingane nomkhuhlane; Usana lwakho nomkhuhlane; Ingane yakho encane nomkhuhlane

Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvikelwa Kwezifo. Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane). Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo yomkhuhlane (umkhuhlane): isizini ka-2019-2020. www.cdc.gov/flu/season/faq-flu-season-2019-2020.htm. Kubuyekezwe ngoJanuwari 17, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngoFebhuwari 18, 2020.

UGrohskopf LA, uSokolow LZ, uBroder KR, et al. Ukuvimbela nokulawulwa komkhuhlane wonyaka ngemithi yokugoma: izincomo zeKomidi Elilulekayo Lemikhuba Yokugoma - I-United States, inkathi yomkhuhlane ka-2018-19. Incoma i-MMWR Rep. I-2018; 67 (3): 1-20. I-PMID: 30141464 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30141464.

I-Havers FP, iCampbell AJP. Amagciwane omkhuhlane. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 285.