Utshwala nokukhulelwa

Abesifazane abakhulelwe banxuswa kakhulu ukuthi bangaphuzi utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi ukhulelwe kukhonjisiwe ukuthi kuyingozi enganeni njengoba ikhula esibelethweni. Utshwala obusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nakho kungaholela ezinkingeni zezokwelapha zesikhathi eside kanye nezinkinga zokuzalwa.

Lapho owesifazane okhulelwe ephuza utshwala, utshwala buhamba ngegazi lakhe bangene egazini, izicubu, nezitho zomntwana. Utshwala buyehla kancane kancane emzimbeni wengane kunasemuntwini omdala. Lokho kusho ukuthi izinga lotshwala egazini lengane lihlala likhuphuka isikhathi eside kunelikamama. Lokhu kungalimaza ingane futhi kwesinye isikhathi kungaholela ekulimaleni impilo yonke.

IZINGOZI Zotshwala NGESIKHATHI SOKUKHULELWA

Ukuphuza utshwala obuningi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaholela eqenjini lokukhubazeka enganeni eyaziwa njenge-fetal alcohol syndrome. Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Izinkinga zokuziphatha nokunaka
• Ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo
• Izinguquko ekubunjweni kobuso
• Ukukhula kabi ngaphambi nangemva kokuzalwa
• Ithoni engeyinhle yemisipha nezinkinga ngokuhamba nangebhalansi
• Izinkinga ngokucabanga nokukhuluma
• Izinkinga zokufunda

Lezi zinkinga zezokwelapha zihlala impilo yonke futhi zingahluka zisuka komoya ziye komnene.

Izinkinga ezibonwe enganeni zingafaka:

• Ukukhubazeka kobuchopho
• Ukulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi
• Ukukhulelwa kokukhulelwa noma ukuzala ingane ishonile

BUPHEPHILE BUNGakanani UTSHWALA?

Alikho inani elaziwa "eliphephile" lokusetshenziswa kotshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kubonakala kuyingozi kakhulu ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa; noma kunjalo, ukuphuza utshwala noma kunini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungaba yingozi.

Utshwala buhlanganisa ubhiya, iwayini, izipholisi zewayini notshwala.

Isiphuzo esisodwa sichazwa ngokuthi:

• 12 oz kabhiya
• 5 oz wewayini
• 1.5 oz yotshwala

Ukuthi uphuza kangakanani kubaluleke kakhulu nokuthi uphuza kangaki.

• Noma ungaphuzi kaningi, ukuphuza inani elikhulu ngesikhathi esingu-1 kungalimaza ingane.
• Ukuphuza ngokweqile (iziphuzo ezi-5 noma ngaphezulu ku-1 ehleli) kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yengane yokuthola umonakalo ohlobene notshwala.
• Ukuphuza utshwala obulinganiselayo lapho ukhulelwe kungaholela ekuphuphumeni kwesisu.
• Abaphuza kakhulu (labo abaphuza iziphuzo ezidakayo ezingaphezu kwezingu-2 ngosuku) basengozini enkulu yokubeletha ingane ene-fetal alcohol syndrome.
• Lapho uphuza kakhulu, kulapho uphakamisa kakhulu ingozi yengane yakho yokulimala.

UNGAPHUZI NGESIKHATHI SOKUKHULELWA

Abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abazama ukukhulelwa kufanele bagweme ukuphuza noma yiliphi inani lotshwala. Ukuphela kwendlela yokuvimbela i-fetal alcohol syndrome ukungaphuzi utshwala ngesikhathi ukhulelwe.

Uma ubungazi ukuthi ukhulelwe futhi uphuza utshwala, yeka ukuphuza ngokushesha nje lapho ufunda ukuthi ukhulelwe. Ngokushesha uyeka ukuphuza utshwala, ingane yakho iyoba nempilo enhle.

Khetha izinhlobo ezingezona zotshwala ozithandayo.

Uma ungakwazi ukulawula ukuphuza kwakho, gwema ukuba phakathi kwabantu abasebenzisa utshwala.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe abanotshwala kufanele bajoyine uhlelo lokuvuselela abasebenzisa kabi utshwala. Kufanele futhi zilandelwe eduze ngumhlinzeki wezempilo.

Inhlangano elandelayo ingasiza:

• Ukuphathwa Kwezidakamizwa Nokuphathwa Kwezinsizakalo Zempilo Yengqondo - 1-800-662-4357 www.findtreatment.gov
• I-National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism - www.rethinkingdrinking.niaaa.nih.gov/about.aspx

Ukuphuza utshwala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa; I-fetal alcohol syndrome - ukukhulelwa; I-FAS - i-fetal alcohol syndrome; Imiphumela yotshwala enganeni; Utshwala ekukhulelweni; Izinkinga zokuzalwa ezihlobene notshwala; Izinkinga ze-fetal alcohol spectrum

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UPrasad M, uMetz TD. Ukuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa lapho ukhulelwe. Ku: Landon MB, Galan HL, Jauniaux ERM, et al, ama-eds. Ama-Obstetrics kaGabbe: Ukukhulelwa Okujwayelekile Nenkinga. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 8.

I-Wallen LD, iGleason CA. Ukuvezwa kwezidakamizwa ngaphambi kokubeletha. Ku: Gleason CA, Juul SE, ama-eds. Izifo zika-Avery Zomntwana osanda kuzalwa. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 13.