I-Diverticulosis

I-Diverticulosis yenzeka lapho kwakhiwa amasaka amancane, amakhulu noma amasaka odongeni lwangaphakathi lwamathumbu. Lezi zikhwama zibizwa ngokuthi i-diverticula. Ngokuvamile, lezi zikhwama zakha emathunjini amakhulu (ikholoni). Zingahle futhi zivele ku-jejunum emathunjini amancane, yize lokhu kungavamile kakhulu.

I-Diverticulosis ayivamile kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engama-40 nangaphansi. Kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala asebekhulile. Cishe uhhafu wabantu baseMelika abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-60 banalesi simo. Abantu abaningi bazoba nayo lapho beneminyaka engama-80.

Akekho owazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela ukuthi lezi zikwama zakhiwe.

Iminyaka eminingi, bekucatshangwa ukuthi ukudla ukudla okune-fiber ephansi kungadlala indima. Ukungadli i-fiber eyanele kungadala ukuqunjelwa (izitulo ezinzima). Ukuqondiswa ukwedlula indle (indle) kwandisa ingcindezi kukholoni noma emathunjini. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi ama-pouch akheke ezindaweni ezibuthakathaka odongeni lwamakholoni. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe ukudla okuphansi kwe-fiber kuholela kule nkinga akufakazeki kahle.

Ezinye izinto ezingaba yingozi ezingafakazelwa kahle ukuntuleka kokuvivinya umzimba nokukhuluphala.

Ukudla amantongomane, i-popcorn, noma ummbila kubonakala kungaholeli ekuvukeleni kwalezi zikhukhu (diverticulitis).

Iningi labantu abane-diverticulosis abanazo izimpawu.

Lapho izimpawu zivela, zingabandakanya:

• Ubuhlungu namajaqamba esiswini sakho
• Ukuqunjelwa (kwesinye isikhathi isifo sohudo)
• Ukuqunjelwa noma igesi
• Ukungazizwa ulambile futhi ungadli

Ungaqaphela inani elincane legazi kwizitulo zakho noma ephepheni lasendlini yangasese. Ngokuvamile, ukuphuma kwegazi okunzima kakhulu kungenzeka.

I-Diverticulosis ivame ukutholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwenye inkinga yezempilo. Isibonelo, kuvame ukutholakala ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy.

Uma unezimpawu, ungahle ube nokuhlolwa okukodwa noma okuningi okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukubona ukuthi unegciwane noma ulahlekelwe igazi eliningi kakhulu
• Ukuskena kwe-CT noma i-ultrasound yesisu uma wopha, izitulo ezivulekile, noma ubuhlungu

I-colonoscopy iyadingeka ukwenza ukuxilongwa:

• I-colonoscopy isivivinyo esibuka ingaphakathi lekholoni kanye ne-rectum. Lokhu kuhlolwa akufanele kwenziwe uma unezimpawu ze-diverticulitis enamandla.
• Ikhamera encane enamathiselwe kushubhu ingafinyelela ubude bekoloni.

I-Angiography:

• I-Angiography isivivinyo semifanekiso esisebenzisa ama-x-ray kanye nodayi okhethekile ukubona ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
• Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasetshenziswa uma indawo yokopha ingabonakali ngesikhathi se-colonoscopy.

Ngoba iningi labantu alinazo izimpawu, isikhathi esiningi, aludingi ukwelashwa.

Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo angancoma ukuthola ifayibha eyengeziwe ekudleni kwakho. Ukudla okune-fiber eningi kunezinzuzo eziningi zezempilo. Abantu abaningi abayitholi i-fiber eyanele. Ukusiza ukuvimbela ukuqunjelwa, kufanele:

• Yidla okusanhlamvu okuphelele, ubhontshisi, izithelo nemifino. Nciphisa ukudla okusetshenzisiwe.
• Phuza uketshezi oluningi.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo.
• Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nokuthatha isengezo se-fiber.

Kufanele ugweme ama-NSAID afana ne-aspirin, ibuprofen (Motrin), ne-naproxen (Aleve). Le mithi ingenza ukopha kakhulu.

Ukopha okungapheli noma okuphindayo:

• IColonoscopy ingasetshenziselwa ukujova imithi noma ukushisa indawo ethile emathunjini ukuvimba ukopha.
• I-Angiography ingasetshenziselwa ukufaka imishanguzo noma ukuvimba umthambo wegazi.

Uma ukuphuma kwegazi kungapheli noma kuphinda kwenzeke kaningi, ukususwa kwengxenye yekholoni kungadingeka.

Iningi labantu abane-diverticulosis abanazo izimpawu. Uma lezi zikhwama sezakhiwe, uzoba nazo impilo yonke.

Kuze kube ngu-25% wabantu abanesimo abazokhula i-diverticulitis. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho izingcezu ezincane zendle zibhajwe ezikhwameni, kubangele ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala.

Izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu ezingakhula zibandakanya:

• Ukuxhumana okungavamile okwenzeka phakathi kwezingxenye zekholoni noma phakathi kwekholoni nenye ingxenye yomzimba (i-fistula)
• I-Hole noma i-colon (i-perforation)
• Indawo encishisiwe kukholoni (ukuqina)
• Amaphakethe agcwele ubomvu noma ukutheleleka (ithumba)
  

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma kwenzeka izimpawu ze-diverticulitis.

Diverticula - diverticulosis; Izifo eziguquguqukayo - i-diverticulosis; I-GI ukuphuma kwegazi - diverticulosis; Ukopha emathunjini - diverticulosis; Ukopha emathunjini - diverticulosis; I-Jejunal diverticulosis

• I-Barium enema
• Colon diverticula - uchungechunge

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IGoldblum JR. Amathumbu amakhulu. Ku: Goldblum JR, Lamps LW, McKenney JK, Myers JL, eds. URosai no-Ackerman's Pathology Yokuhlinzwa. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 17.

UFransman RB, uHarmon JW. Ukuphathwa kwe-diverticulosis yamathumbu amancane. Ku: UCameron AM, uCameron JL, ama-eds. Ukwelashwa Kwamanje. Umhlaka 13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 143-145.

Ubusika D, isifo sikaRyan E. Diverticular. Ku: Clark S, ed. Ukuhlinzwa Okumhlophe: Umngane Wokuzijwayeza Kokuhlinzwa Okukhethekile. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 10.