I-Hepatitis C - izingane

I-Hepatitis C ezinganeni ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zesibindi. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokutheleleka ngegciwane le-hepatitis C (HCV).

Ezinye izifo ezivamile zokutheleleka nge-hepatitis zihlanganisa i-hepatitis A ne-hepatitis B.

Ingane ingathola i-HCV kumama one-HCV, ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.

Cishe izingane eziyisithupha kwezingu-100 ezizalwa omama abanesifo se-HCV zinesifo sokusha kwesibindi sohlobo C. Akukho luthi lokuvikela i-hepatitis C lapho luzalwa.

Intsha kanye nentsha nayo ingathola ukutheleleka nge-HCV. Kunezimbangela eziningi zesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C entsheni, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukunamathela ngenaliti ngemuva kokusetshenziswa komuntu one-HCV
• Ukuthintana negazi lomuntu onegciwane
• Ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa zasemgwaqweni
• Ukuxhumana ngokocansi okungavikelekile nomuntu one-HCV
• Ukuthola ama-tattoos noma i-acupuncture therapy ngezinaliti ezinegciwane

Isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C asisabalali kusukela ekunceliseni ibele, ukugona, ukuqabulana, ukukhwehlela noma ukuthimula.

Izimpawu zikhula ezinganeni cishe emasontweni amane kuya kwayi-12 ngemuva kokutheleleka. Uma umzimba ukwazi ukulwa ne-HCV, izimpawu ziphela kungakapheli amasonto ambalwa kuye ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-acute hepatitis C infection.

Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane azilahli i-HCV. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi ukutheleleka okungapheli kwe-hepatitis C.

Iningi lezingane ezine-hepatitis C (ezinzima noma ezingapheli) azibonisi zimpawu kuze kube khona ukulimala kwesibindi okuthuthukile. Uma izimpawu zenzeka, zingabandakanya:

• Ubuhlungu esiswini sangakwesokudla
• Izitulo ezinombala wobumba noma eziphaphathekile
• Umchamo omnyama
• Ukukhathala
• Imfiva
• Isikhumba esiphuzi namehlo (i-jaundice)
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo yengane yakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola i-HCV esegazini. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvame kakhulu yilezi:

• I-enzyme immunoassay (EIA) ukuthola i-antibody hepatitis C
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hepatitis C RNA ukukala amazinga egciwane (umthamo wegciwane)

Izinsana ezizalwe ngomama abane-hepatitis C kufanele zihlolwe zinezinyanga eziyi-18 ubudala. Lesi yisikhathi lapho ama-antibodies avela kumama ezokwehla. Ngaleso sikhathi, isivivinyo sizobonisa ngokweqile isimo somntwana sokulwa namagciwane.

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kuthola ukulimala kwesibindi kusuka ku-hepatitis C:

• Izinga le-albhamu
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesibindi
• Isikhathi se-Prothrombin
• I-biopsy yesibindi
• I-ultrasound yesisu

Lezi zivivinyo zibonisa ukuthi impatho yengane yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani.

Inhloso enkulu yokwelashwa ezinganeni ukuqeda izimpawu nokuvimba ukuthi lesi sifo singabhebhetheki. Uma ingane yakho inezimpawu, qiniseka ukuthi ingane yakho:

• Uthola ukuphumula okuningi
• Uphuza uketshezi oluningi
• Udla ukudla okunempilo

I-hepatitis C enamandla ayidingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Kodwa-ke, ingane yakho ingalidlulisela kwabanye leli gciwane. Kufanele uthathe izinyathelo zokusiza ukuvikela lesi sifo ukuthi singasabalali.

I-hepatitis C engapheli idinga ukwelashwa. Umgomo wokwelashwa ukuvimbela izinkinga.

Uma lungekho uphawu lokutheleleka nge-HCV ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, ingane yakho isilulame ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma ingane yakho iba ne-hepatitis C engapheli, ingadala isifo sesibindi kamuva empilweni.

Umhlinzeki wengane yakho angancoma imithi elwa namagciwane ye-HCV engalapheki. Le mithi:

• Yiba nemiphumela engemihle embalwa
• Kulula ukuthatha
• Kuthathwa ngomlomo

Ukuthi ukhethe ukusebenzisa imishanguzo ezinganeni kwi-hepatitis C akucaci yini. Imithi esetshenzisiwe, i-interferon ne-ribavirin, inemiphumela emibi eminingi kanye nezingozi ezithile. Imithi emisha nephephile ivunyelwe abantu abadala, kodwa hhayi izingane. Ochwepheshe abaningi bancoma ukulinda ukwelashwa kwe-HCV ezinganeni kuze kube le mithi emisha ivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinganeni.

Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu ubudala kungenzeka zingadingi ukwelashwa. Ukutheleleka kuleli qembu leminyaka yobudala kuvame ukuxazulula ngaphandle kwezinkinga.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka ze-hepatitis C yilezi:

• Isibindi sokuqina kwesibindi
• Umdlavuza wesibindi

Lezi zinkinga ngokuvamile zenzeka lapho usukhulile.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma ingane yakho inezimpawu zesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C. Kufanele futhi uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho uma une-hepatitis C futhi ukhulelwa.

Ayikho imigomo ye-hepatitis C. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuphatheni lesi sifo.

Emndenini lapho kuhlala khona umuntu onesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C, thatha lezi zinyathelo ukusiza ukunqanda ukusabalala kwesifo:

• Gwema ukuthintana negazi. Hlanza noma yikuphi ukuchitheka kwegazi usebenzisa i-bleach namanzi.
• Omama abane-HCV akufanele bancelise uma izingono ziqhekekile futhi zopha.
• Izimbozo ezisikiwe nezilonda ukugwema ukuthintana noketshezi lomzimba.
• Ungabelani ngamabhulashi wamazinyo, izinsingo, noma ezinye izinto ezingatheleleka.

Ukutheleleka okuthulile - izingane ze-HCV; Imishanguzo - izingane ezinesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C; Izingane ze-HCV; Ukukhulelwa - i-hepatitis C - izingane; Ukudluliselwa komama - i-hepatitis C - izingane

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UJhaveri R, u-El-Kamary SS. Igciwane le-Hepatitis C. Ku: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, abahleli. Incwadi kaFeigin neCherry's Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 177.

UWard JW, Holtzman D. Epidemiology, umlando wemvelo, nokuxilongwa kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C. Ku: Sanyal AJ, Boyer TD, Lindor KD, Terrault NA, eds. I-Hepatology kaZakim neBoyer. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 29.