Isifo sokukhathazeka esijwayelekile ezinganeni

Isifo sokukhathazeka esijwayelekile (i-GAD) ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo lapho ingane ivame ukukhathazeka noma ikhathazeke ngezinto eziningi futhi ikuthole kunzima ukulawula lokhu kukhathazeka.

Imbangela ye-GAD ayaziwa. Izakhi zofuzo zingadlala indima. Izingane ezinamalungu omndeni anenkinga yokukhathazeka nazo zingaba namathuba amaningi okuba nazo. Ukucindezeleka kungaba yinto ekuthuthukiseni i-GAD.

Izinto empilweni yengane ezingadala ingcindezi nokukhathazeka zifaka:

• Ukulahlekelwa, njengokufa kothandekayo noma isehlukaniso sabazali
• Izinguquko ezinkulu empilweni, njengokuthuthela edolobheni elisha
• Umlando wokuhlukunyezwa
• Ukuhlala nomndeni onamalungu ayesabayo, akhathazekile noma anobudlova

I-GAD yisimo esivamile, esithinta izingane ezingaba ngu-2% kuya ku-6%. I-GAD imvamisa ayenzeki kuze kube ukuthomba. Kuvame ukubonakala emantombazaneni kunabafana.

Uphawu oluyinhloko ukukhathazeka njalo noma ukungezwani okungenani izinyanga eziyisithupha, noma ngabe kunembangela encane noma engekho. Izinkathazo zibonakala zintanta zisuka enkingeni ziye kwenye. Izingane ezinexhala zivame ukugxila ezinkingeni zazo ku:

• Ukwenza kahle esikoleni nakwezemidlalo. Bangaba nomuzwa wokuthi badinga ukwenza kahle ngokuphelele noma ngenye indlela bazizwe ukuthi abenzi kahle.
• Ukuphepha kwabo noma kwemindeni yabo. Bangazizwa besaba kakhulu izinhlekelele zemvelo ezinjengokuzamazama komhlaba, ama-tornados, noma ukugqekeza kwamakhaya.
• Ukugula kubo noma emndenini wabo. Bangakhathazeka ngokweqile ngezifo ezincane abanazo noma besabe ukungenwa yizifo ezintsha.

Ngisho noma ingane yazi ukuthi izinkathazo noma ukwesaba kudlulele, ingane ene-GAD isenobunzima bokuyilawula. Ingane ivame ukudinga ukuqinisekiswa.

Ezinye izimpawu ze-GAD zifaka:

• Izinkinga zokugxila, noma ingqondo ingabi nalutho
• Ukukhathala
• Ukuthukuthela
• Izinkinga zokuwa noma zokulala, noma ukulala okungaphumuli nokungagculisi
• Ukungahlaliseki lapho uphapheme
• Ukungadli ngokwanele noma ukudla ngokweqile
• Ukuqhuma kwentukuthelo
• Iphethini lokungalaleli, ubutha, nokudelela

Ukulindela okubi kakhulu, noma ngabe asikho isizathu esibonakalayo sokukhathazeka.

Ingane yakho ingaba nezinye izimpawu zomzimba ezinjenge:

• Ukungezwani kwemisipha
• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukujuluka
• Kunzima ukuphefumula
• Ukuphathwa ikhanda

Izimpawu zokukhathazeka zingathinta impilo yansuku zonke yengane. Bangenza kube nzima ukuthi ingane ilale, idle, futhi isebenze kahle esikoleni.

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo yengane yakho uzobuza ngezimpawu zengane yakho. I-GAD itholakala ngokusekelwe ezimpendulweni zakho nezengane yakho kule mibuzo.

Wena nengane yakho nizobuzwa nangempilo yakhe engokwengqondo nengokomzimba, izinkinga esikoleni, noma ngokuziphatha nabangani nomndeni. Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba noma ukuhlolwa kwelebhu kungenziwa ukukhipha ezinye izimo ezingadala izimpawu ezifanayo.

Umgomo wokwelashwa ukusiza ingane yakho izizwe ingcono futhi isebenze kahle empilweni yansuku zonke. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukwelashwa kokukhuluma noma umuthi kukodwa kungasiza. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, inhlanganisela yalokhu ingasebenza kahle kakhulu.

INDLELA YOKUKHULUMA

Izinhlobo eziningi zokwelashwa kokukhuluma zingasiza i-GAD. Uhlobo olulodwa oluvamile nolusebenzayo lokwelashwa kokukhuluma ukwelashwa kokuziphatha (i-CBT). I-CBT ingasiza ingane yakho ukuthi iqonde ubudlelwano phakathi kwemicabango yayo, indlela yokuziphatha, nezimpawu zayo. I-CBT imvamisa ifaka inani elihleliwe lokuvakashelwa. Ngesikhathi se-CBT, ingane yakho ingafunda ukuthi:

• Qonda futhi uthole ukulawula kwemibono esontekile yabacindezeli, njengemicimbi yempilo noma indlela yokuziphatha kwabantu
• Bona futhi ushintshe imicabango ebangela ukwethuka ukumsiza azizwe ekwazi ukulawula
• Lawula ukucindezeleka futhi uphumule lapho kuvela izimpawu
• Gwema ukucabanga ukuthi izinkinga ezincane zizoba ezimbi kakhulu

IMITHI

Kwesinye isikhathi, kusetshenziselwa imithi yokusiza ukulawula ukukhathazeka ezinganeni. Imithi evamise ukwenziwa ye-GAD ifaka phakathi imishanguzo yokudambisa imishanguzo nezidakamizwa. Lezi zingasetshenziswa isikhathi esifushane noma isikhathi eside. Khuluma nomhlinzeki ukuze ufunde ngemithi yengane yakho, kufaka phakathi imiphumela emibi engaba khona nokusebenzisana. Qiniseka ukuthi ingane yakho iphuza noma imuphi umuthi njengoba kubekiwe.

Ukuthi ingane yenza kahle kangakanani kuya ngokuthi isimo sinzima kangakanani. Kwezinye izimo, i-GAD isikhathi eside futhi kunzima ukuyelapha. Kodwa-ke, izingane eziningi ziba ngcono ngemithi, ukwelashwa kokukhuluma, noma kokubili.

Ukuba nesifo sokukhathazeka kungabeka ingane engcupheni yokudangala nokusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa.

Shayela umhlinzeki wengane yakho uma ingane yakho ihlala ikhathazeka noma izizwa ikhathazekile, futhi iphazamisa imisebenzi yayo yansuku zonke.

I-GAD - izingane; Ukukhathazeka - izingane

• Abeluleki beqembu lokusekela

I-Bostic JQ, i-Prince JB, i-Buxton DC. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwengane nentsha. Ku: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, ama-eds. IMassachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 69.

UCalkins AW, Bui E, Taylor CT, Pollack MH, LeBeau RT, uSimon NM. Izinkinga zokukhathazeka. Ku: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, ama-eds. IMassachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 32.

URosenberg DR, uChiriboga JA. Izinkinga zokukhathazeka. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 38.