Ukwelashwa kwemisebe yonke

Ukwelashwa okuphelele kwemisebe yebele kusebenzisa ama-x-ray anamandla amakhulu ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza webele Ngalolu hlobo lokwelashwa ngemisebe, lonke ibele lithola ukwelashwa ngemisebe.

Amaseli womdlavuza anda ngokushesha kunamaseli ajwayelekile emzimbeni. Ngoba imisebe iyingozi kakhulu kumaseli akhula ngokushesha, ukwelashwa ngemisebe kulimaza amangqamuzana omdlavuza ngaphezu kwamaseli ajwayelekile. Lokhu kuvimbela amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuthi angakhuli futhi ahlukane, futhi kuholele ekufeni kweseli.

Lolu hlobo lwemisebe lilethwa ngumshini we-x-ray oletha indawo eqondile yemisebe ebeleni lonke, noma odongeni lwesifuba (uma lwenziwe ngemuva kwe-mastectomy). Kwesinye isikhathi, imisebe izophinde ikhombe ama-lymph node endaweni yekhwapha noma yentamo noma ngaphansi kwethambo lesifuba.

Ungathola ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungaba esibhedlela noma esikhungweni semisebe yangasese esizimele. Uzoya ekhaya ngemuva kokwelapha ngakunye. Inkambo yokwelashwa ejwayelekile inikezwa izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto amasonto amathathu kuye kwayisithupha. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, isigxobo sokwelashwa sisebenza imizuzu embalwa nje. Imithi ngayinye ihlelelwa isikhathi esifanayo usuku ngalunye ukuze kube lula kuwe.

Ngaphambi kokuba uthole ukwelashwa ngemisebe, uzohlangana ne-radiation oncologist. Lona ngudokotela ogxile ekwelashweni ngemisebe.

Ngaphambi kokulethwa kwemisebe kunenqubo yokuhlela ebizwa ngokuthi "ukulingisa" lapho umdlavuza nezicubu ezijwayelekile zenziwe imephu. Kwesinye isikhathi udokotela uncoma amamaki amancane esikhumba abizwa nge- "tattoos" ukusiza ukuqondisa ukwelashwa.

• Ezinye izikhungo zisebenzisa imidwebo ye-inki. Lezi zimaki zihlala unomphela, kepha zivame ukuba zincane kune-mole. Lezi azikwazi ukugezwa, futhi ungageza futhi ugeze ngokujwayelekile. Ngemuva kokwelashwa, uma ufuna ukuthi amamaki asuswe, i-laser noma ukuhlinzwa kungasetshenziswa.
• Ezinye izikhungo zisebenzisa amamaki angagezwa. Ungacelwa ukuthi ungagezi indawo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa futhi amamaki angadinga ukuthintwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngasinye sokwelapha.

Ngesikhathi ngasinye sokwelashwa:

• Uzolala etafuleni elikhethekile, kungaba ngomhlane noma esiswini sakho.
• Ochwepheshe bazokubeka ukuze imisebe ikhombe endaweni yokwelashwa.
• Kwesinye isikhathi ukuqondaniswa kwe-x-ray noma ukuskena kuyathathwa ngaphambi kokwelashwa ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi umugqa usendaweni efanele yokwelashwa.
• Ezinye izikhungo zisebenzisa umshini oletha imisebe ezindaweni ezithile zomjikelezo wakho wokuphefumula. Lokhu kungasiza ukukhawulela imisebe enhliziyweni nasemaphashini. Ungacelwa ukuthi ubambe umoya wakho ngenkathi imisebe ihanjiswa. Ungaba nomlomo wokusiza ukulawula ukuphefumula kwakho.
• Imvamisa, uzothola ukwelashwa ngemisebe phakathi kwemizuzu eyi-1 nengu-5. Usuku ngalunye uzongena uphume esikhungweni sokwelashwa ngaphansi kwemizuzu engama-20 ngokwesilinganiso.

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, amangqamuzana omdlavuza angahlala ezicutshini zamabele noma kuma-lymph node. Imisebe ingasiza ekubulaleni amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele. Lapho ukulethwa kwemisebe kulethwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, kubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa kwe-adjuvant (okungeziwe).

Ukungeza ukwelashwa ngemisebe kungabulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele futhi kwehlise nengozi yokuthi umdlavuza ubuyele emuva.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ye-Wholebreast kunganikezwa ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zomdlavuza:

• Okwe-ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
• Ngomdlavuza webele wesigaba I noma II, ngemuva kwe-lumpectomy noma i-mastectomy engaphelele (ukuhlinzekwa kokulondolozwa kwebele)
• Ngomdlavuza webele osuthuthuke kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nangemva kwe-mastectomy ephelele
• Ngomdlavuza osakazekele kuma-lymph node asendaweni (entanyeni noma ekhwapheni)
• Ngomdlavuza webele osabalele, njengokwelashwa okunciphisayo ukukhulula izimpawu

Tshela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuthi yimiphi imithi oyiphuzayo.

Gqoka izingubo ezikugudlukela ekwelashweni. Ungacelwa ukuthi ugqoke ubhodisi okhethekile.

Awunemisebe ngemuva kwemithi yokwelashwa ngemisebe. Kuphephile ukuba phakathi kwabantu, kufaka phakathi izingane noma izingane. Lapho nje umshini ume, akusekho misebe ekamelweni.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe, njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa komdlavuza, kungalimaza noma kubulale amaseli aphilile. Ukufa kwamaseli aphilile kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi. Le miphumela emibi incike kumthamo wemisebe nokuthi ulashwa kangaki.

Imiphumela emibi ingakhula ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokwelashwa (kungakapheli amasonto ambalwa) futhi iphile isikhathi esifushane, noma ingaba nemiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside. Imiphumela emibi yamuva ingenzeka ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni eyalandela.

Imiphumela emibi yokuqala engaqala emavikini ayi-1 kuya kwayi-3 ngemuva kokwelashwa kwakho kokuqala ingafaka:

• Ungahlakulela ukuvuvukala kwamabele, isisa, nokuzwela.
• Isikhumba sakho endaweni ephethwe singashintsha sibe bomvu noma sibe mnyama ngombala, ikhasi, noma ukulunywa (kufana nokushiswa yilanga).

Eziningi zalezi zinguquko kufanele zihambe cishe amasonto ama-4 kuye kwayi-6 ngemuva kokuphela kokwelashwa ngemisebe.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzochaza ukunakekelwa ekhaya ngesikhathi nangemva kokwelashwa ngemisebe.

Imiphumela emibi (yesikhathi eside) ingafaka:

• Ukwehla kobukhulu besifuba
• Ukuqina okwengeziwe kwesifuba
• Ukubomvu kwesikhumba nokushintsha kombala
• Ukuvuvukala engalweni (i-lymphedema) kwabesifazane abaye basuswa ama-lymph node aseduze
• Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuphuka kwezimbambo, izinkinga zenhliziyo (cishe imisebe yebele yangakwesokunxele) noma ukulimala kwezicubu zamaphaphu ezingaphansi
• Ukuthuthukiswa komdlavuza wesibili endaweni yokwelashwa (isifuba, izimbambo, noma imisipha yesifuba noma ingalo)

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ye-Wholebreast kulandela ukuhlinzekwa kokulondolozwa kwamabele kunciphisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza ubuye futhi kunciphise ingozi yokufa ngenxa yomdlavuza webele.

Umdlavuza webele - ukwelashwa ngemisebe; I-carcinoma yebele - ukwelashwa ngemisebe; Imisebe yangaphandle yesigxobo - isifuba; Ukwelashwa kwemisebe ye-intensity-modulated - umdlavuza webele; Imisebe - isifuba sonke; I-WBRT; Imisebe yamabele - isiza; Imisebe yamabele

U-Alluri P, Jagsi R. Postmastectomy radiotherapy. Ku: Bland KI, Copeland EM, Klimberg VS, Gradishar WJ, ama-eds. Isifuba: Ukuphathwa Okuphelele Kwezifo ZeBenign Nezimbi. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 49.

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele (i-Adult) (PDQ) - inguqulo yezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/ Ukwelashwa kwesibeletho-pdq. Kubuyekezwe uSepthemba 2, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Okthoba 5, 2020.

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kanye nawe: ukusekelwa kwabantu abanomdlavuza. www.cancer.gov/publications/patient-education/radiation-therapy- kanye nawe. Kubuyekezwe u-Okthoba 2016. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Okthoba 5, 2020.