I-Ritonavir

-Delile

• Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-ritonavir,
• I-Ritonavir ingadala imiphumela emibi. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezinzima noma ezingapheli:
• Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uthole ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo:
• Izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile zingafaka okulandelayo:

Ukuthatha i-ritonavir neminye imishanguzo kungadala imiphumela emibi noma esongela impilo. Tshela udokotela wakho uma ngabe uthatha noma imiphi yale mithi elandelayo: imishanguzo efana ne-dihydroergotamine (i-DHE 45, i-Migranal), i-ergotamine (i-Ergomar, eCafergot, eMigergot), i-ergonovine, ne-methylergonovine (i-Methergine); imishanguzo yokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile njenge-amiodarone (Cordarone, Nexterone, Pacerone), i-flecainide, i-propafenone (i-Rhythmol), ne-quinidine (e-Nuedexta); nama-sedatives noma amaphilisi okulala anjenge-midazolam (Versed) ne-triazolam (Halcion). Udokotela wakho mhlawumbe uzokutshela ukuthi ungathathi i-ritonavir uma usebenzisa noma iyiphi yale mithi.

I-Ritonavir isetshenziswa kanye neminye imithi yokwelapha ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculaza (i-HIV). I-Ritonavir isekilasini lemithi ebizwa nge-protease inhibitors. Isebenza ngokunciphisa inani le-HIV egazini. Yize i-ritonavir ingayelaphi i-HIV, ingahle inciphise amathuba akho okuba ne-immunodeficiency syndrome (i-AIDS) kanye nezifo ezihlobene ne-HIV ezinjengezifo ezibucayi noma umdlavuza. Ukuthatha le mithi kanye nokwenza ucansi oluphephile nokwenza ezinye izinguquko kwimpilo yakho kunganciphisa ingozi yokudlulisela igciwane lesandulela ngculaza kwabanye abantu.

I-Ritonavir iza njenge-capsule, ithebhulethi, nesisombululo (uketshezi) ukuthatha ngomlomo. Imvamisa kuthathwa kabili ngosuku ngokudla. Landela izinkomba ezikulebuli kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela, bese ubuza udokotela noma usokhemisi wakho ukuthi akuchaze nganoma iyiphi ingxenye ongayiqondi. Thatha i-ritonavir njengoba nje uqondisiwe. Ungayithathi kancane noma uyithathe kaningi kunokuyalelwa ngudokotela wakho.

Udokotela wakho kungenzeka akuqale ngomthamo ophansi we-ritonavir futhi akhuphule kancane umthamo wakho, hhayi kaningi ngaphezu kwesisodwa njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezi-3. Landela lezi zinkomba ngokucophelela.

Swallow ritonavir tablet whole. Musa ukuhlukanisa, ukuhlafuna, noma ukuchoboza.

Uma uthatha isisombululo somlomo, sebenzisa isipuni sokulinganisa umthamo, isirinji, noma inkomishi ukukala inani elifanele liketshezi elidingekayo kumthamo ngamunye. Ungasebenzisi isipuni sasendlini esijwayelekile. Ungasithatha isixazululo sisodwa, noma ungathuthukisa ukunambitheka ngokukuxuba ngama-ounces ayisishiyagalombili obisi lukashokoledi noma uqinisekise noma izithako zokudla zomkhiqizo we-Advera. Uma uhlanganisa umuthi nolunye lwalezi ziketshezi, kufanele uphuze lo mxube ungasadluli ehoreni elilodwa ngemuva kokuwuxuba.

Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha amaphilisi e-ritonavir bese uqala ukuthatha amaphilisi esikhundleni salokho, ungahle ube nemiphumela emibi efana nesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu, nohudo ngemuva nje kokushintsha. Lezi zimpawu zingathuthuka njengoba umzimba wakho ujwayela amaphilisi.

Qhubeka nokuthatha i-ritonavir noma ngabe uzizwa uphilile. Ungayeki ukuthatha i-ritonavir ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Uma uphuthelwa imithamo, thatha ngaphansi komthamo obekiwe, noma uyeke ukuthatha i-ritonavir, isimo sakho singaba nzima ukwelashwa.

Lo muthi ungabekelwa okunye ukusetshenziswa. Buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuthola eminye imininingwane.

Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-ritonavir,

• Tshela udokotela kanye nosokhemisi wakho uma une-aleji ku-ritonavir, noma imuphi omunye umuthi, noma iziphi izithako kumaphilisi e-ritonavir, amaphilisi, noma isisombululo. Buza usokhemisi wakho ukuthola uhlu lwezithako.
• Tshela udokotela wakho uma uphuza noma imuphi umuthi kusigaba ESIBALULEKILE SESEXWAYISO noma yikuphi okulandelayo: i-alfuzosin (Uroxatral), i-apalutamide (i-Erleada), i-cisapride (i-Propulsid) (ayitholakali e-US), i-colchicine (i-Colcrys, i-Mitigare) abantu abanesifo sezinso noma sesibindi, i-dronedarone (i-Multaq), i-lomitapide (i-Juxtapid), i-lovastatin (i-Altoprev), i-lurasidone (i-Latuda), i-pimozide (i-Orap), i-ranolazine (i-Ranexa), i-sildenafil (uphawu lwe-Revatio kuphela olusetshenziselwa isifo samaphaphu), i-simvastatin ( I-Zocor, eVytorin), iSt John's wort, noma i-voriconazole (Vfend). Udokotela wakho mhlawumbe uzokutshela ukuthi ungathathi i-ritonavir uma uphuza eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yale mithi.
• futhi utshele udokotela wakho kanye nosokhemisi ukuthi imiphi eminye imishanguzo kadokotela neyokungabhalisi, amavithamini, kanye nezithako zokudla okunomsoco ozithathayo noma ohlela ukuzithatha. Qinisekisa ukusho noma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo: ama-anticoagulants (’ama-thinner egazi’) njenge-warfarin (i-Coumadin, i-Jantoven) ne-rivaroxaban powder (i-Xarelto); imishanguzo efana ne-amitriptyline, bupropion (Aplenzin, Forfivo XL, Wellbutrin, Zyban, others), desipramine (Norpramin), fluoxetine (Prozac), nefazodone, nortriptyline, paroxetine (Paxil), ne-trazodone; i-atovaquone (iMepron, eMalarone); i-bedaquiline (Sirturo); ama-beta-blocker afana ne-metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL, eDutoprol, ku-Lopressor HCT) kanye ne-timolol; i-bosentan (iTracleer); buspirone; ama-calcium channel blocker afana ne-diltiazem (Cardizem, Cartia, Tiazac, others), nifedipine (Adalat, Afeditab CR, Procardia), kanye ne-verapamil (Calan, Covera, Verelan, eTarka); imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol efana ne-atorvastatin (Lipitor, eCaduet) ne-rosuvastatin (Crestor); i-clarithromycin (i-Biaxin, ku-PrevPac); i-clorazepate (uGen-Xene, iTranxene); i-colchicine (Colcrys, Mitigare); imishanguzo ethile yomdlavuza efana ne-abemaciclib (Verzenio), dasatinib (Sprycel), encorafenib (Braftovi), ibrutinib (Imbruvica), ivosidenib (Tibsovo), neratinib (Nerlynx), nilotinib (Tasigna), venetoclax (Venclextine), vin ; i-dexamethasone; diazepam (Diastat, Valium); i-digoxin (i-Lanoxin); i-dronabinol (Marinol); elagolix (Orilissa); estazolam; i-fentanyl (i-Duragesic, i-Subsys), i-fostamatinib (i-Tavalisse), imishanguzo ethile yegciwane le-hepatitis C (HCV) njenge-boceprevir (engasatholakali e-US; i-Victrelis), i-glecaprevir ne-pibrentasvir (i-Mavyret), ne-simeprevir (ayisatholakali e-US ; Olysio); itraconazole (Onmel, Sporanox); ketoconazole (Nizoral); i-lidocaine (i-Lidoderm; e-Xylocaine ne-Epinephrine); eminye imithi ye-HIV efana ne-atazanavir (Reyataz, e-Evotaz), darunavir (Prezista, e-Prezcobix), delavirdine (Rescriptor), fosamprenavir (Lexiva), indinavir (Crixivan), maraviroc (Selzentry), saquinavir (Invirasev), kanye ne-tip I-Aptivus); imishanguzo yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile njenge-avanafil (Stendra), sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Adcirca, Cialis), kanye ne-vardenafil (Levitra); imithi ecindezela amasosha omzimba njenge-cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune), sirolimus (Rapamune) kanye ne-tacrolimus (Astagraf XL, Prograf); imishanguzo ethile yokuquleka okufana ne-carbamazepine (Epitol, Equetro, Tegretol, abanye), clonazepam (Klonopin), divalproex (Depakote), ethosuximide (Zarontin), lamotrigine (Lamictal), ne phenytoin (Dilantin, Phenytek); i-meperidine (i-Demerol); i-methadone (i-Dolophine, i-Methadose); i-methamphetamine (i-Desoxyn); i-mexiletine; i-perphenazine; i-quetiapine (iSeroquel); i-quinine (i-Qualaquin); i-rifabutin (i-Mycobutin); i-rifampin (iRifadin, iRimactane, eRifamate, eRifater); i-risperidone; i-salmeterol (iSerevent, e-Advair); i-steroids yomlomo noma ehogelwayo efana ne-betamethasone, i-budesonide (i-Pulmicort), i-ciclesonide (i-Alvesco, i-Omnaris), i-dexamethasone, i-fluticasone (i-Flonase, i-Flovent, e-Advair), i-methylprednisolone (i-Medrol). i-mometasone (eDulera). i-prednisone, ne-triamcinolone; theophylline (Theo 24, Uniphyl, abanye); thioridazine; kanye ne-zolpidem (Ambien, Edluar, Intermezzo, abanye). Eminye imishanguzo eminingi ingaxhumana ne-ritonavir, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo, ngisho naleyo engabonakali kulolu hlu. Udokotela wakho angadinga ukushintsha imithamo yemithi yakho noma akuqaphele ngokucophelela ngemiphumela emibi.
• uma uthatha ukumiswa ngomlomo kwe-ritonavir, phinda utshele udokotela wakho uma uthatha i-disulfiram (Antabuse) noma i-metronidazole (i-Flagyl, i-Nuvessa, i-Vandazole).
• Tshela udokotela wakho uma uke waba nesikhawu eside se-QT (inkinga yenhliziyo engajwayelekile engadala ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, ukuquleka, noma ukufa ngokuzuma), isifo sikashukela, i-hemophilia, i-cholesterol ephezulu noma ama-triglycerides (amafutha) egazini, noma inhliziyo noma isifo sesibindi, kufaka phakathi i-hepatitis B noma i-C.
• utshele udokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe, hlela ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa. Uma ukhulelwa ngenkathi uthatha i-ritonavir, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Akufanele uncelise ibele uma utheleleke nge-HIV noma uma uthatha i-ritonavir.
• kufanele wazi ukuthi i-ritonavir inganciphisa ukusebenza kwezindlela zokuvimbela inzalo zamahomoni (amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, amabala, izindandatho, noma imijovo). Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokusebenzisa enye indlela yokulawula ukubeletha.
• kufanele wazi ukuthi amafutha omzimba wakho angakhuphuka noma ahambele ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba wakho, njengasemhlane wakho ongaphezulu, entanyeni (’’ inyathi ’), amabele, nasesizungeze isisu sakho. Ungaqaphela ukulahleka kwamafutha omzimba ebusweni bakho, emilenzeni nasezingalweni.
• kufanele wazi ukuthi ungathola i-hyperglycemia (iyanda kushukela wakho wegazi) ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi, noma ngabe awunaso vele isifo sikashukela. Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo ngenkathi uthatha i-ritonavir: ukoma ngokweqile, ukuchama kaningi, ukulamba ngokweqile, ukungaboni kahle, noma ubuthakathaka. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubiza udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ngoba ushukela wegazi ongelashwa ungadala isimo esibi esibizwa nge-ketoacidosis. I-Ketoacidosis ingasongela impilo uma ingelashwa kusenesikhathi. Izimpawu ze-ketoacidosis zifaka phakathi umlomo owomile, isicanucanu nokuhlanza, ukuphefumula okuncane, ukuphefumula okunuka izithelo, nokuncipha kokwazi.
• kufanele wazi ukuthi ngenkathi uthatha imishanguzo yokwelapha ukutheleleka nge-HIV, amasosha omzimba wakho angaqina futhi aqale ukulwa nezinye izifo ezazivele zisemzimbeni wakho. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi ube nezimpawu zalezo zifo. Uma unezimpawu ezintsha noma eziya ziba zimbi ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa nge-ritonavir, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho.

Ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho akusho okuhlukile, qhubeka nokudla okuvamile.

Thatha umthamo ongabanjwanga ngokushesha nje lapho uwukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo olandelayo, weqa umthamo ongabanjwanga bese uqhubeka neshejuli yakho ejwayelekile yokulinganisa. Ungathathi umthamo ophindwe kabili ukwenza okulahlekile.

I-Ritonavir ingadala imiphumela emibi. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezinzima noma ezingapheli:

• ukozela
• isifo sohudo
• igesi
• isilungulela
• shintsha emandleni okunambitha ukudla
• ikhanda
• ukuba ndikindiki, ukushiswa, noma ukuncinza kwezandla, izinyawo, noma indawo ezungeze umlomo
• ubuhlungu bemisipha noma bamalunga
• ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu nokuhlanza

Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uthole ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo:

• ukushwabana noma ukuxebuka kwesikhumba
• ukuqubuka
• isifuba
• ukuvuvukala kwamehlo, ubuso, ulimi, izindebe, noma umphimbo
• ukuqinisa umphimbo
• ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukugwinya
• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ubuhlungu besisu
• ukukhathala ngokweqile
• ukungabi namandla
• ukulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla
• ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu
• ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma kwamehlo
• isiyezi
• ubumhlophe
• ukulahlekelwa ukwazi
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile

Uma uthola imiphumela emibi kakhulu, wena noma udokotela wakho ungathumela umbiko kuhlelo lwe-Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting online (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) noma ngocingo ( 1-800-332-1088).

I-Ritonavir ingadala eminye imiphumela emibi. Shayela udokotela wakho uma unezinkinga ezingavamile ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi.

Gcina le mithi esitsheni efike ngayo, ivalwe ngokuqinile, futhi lapho izingane zingafinyeleleki khona. Gcina amaphilisi nesisombululo ekamelweni lokushisa. Ungasifaki isixazululo esiqandisini futhi ungasivumeli sishise kakhulu noma sibande kakhulu. Kungcono ukufaka esiqandisini ama-ritonavir capsules, kepha futhi ungawagcina ekamelweni lokushisa kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-30.

Kubalulekile ukugcina yonke imishanguzo ingabonakali futhi ifinyeleleke ezinganeni njengoba iziqukathi eziningi (njengezingqondo zamaphilisi zamasonto onke kanye nalawo amaconsi wamehlo, okhilimu, amabala, kanye nama-inhalers) azimeleki ezinganeni futhi izingane ezincane zingazivula kalula. Ukuvikela izingane ezisencane ekufakeni ubuthi, hlala uvala amakepisi okuphepha bese ubeka umuthi endaweni ephephile - eyodwa ephezulu futhi engekho futhi engabonakali kubo futhi efinyelela kuyo. http://www.upandaway.org

Imithi engadingeki kufanele ilahlwe ngezindlela ezikhethekile zokuqinisekisa ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo, izingane nabanye abantu abakwazi ukuzidla. Kodwa-ke, akufanele ukhiphe le mithi ethoyilethi. Esikhundleni salokho, indlela engcono kakhulu yokulahla imithi yakho ngohlelo lokubuyisa umuthi. Khuluma nosokhemisi wakho noma uthinte umnyango wangakini wokulahla udoti / wokusebenzisa kabusha ukuze ufunde ngezinhlelo zokubuyisa emphakathini wakho. Bheka iwebhusayithi yakwa-FDA's Safe Disposal of Medicines (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) ukuthola eminye imininingwane uma ungakwazi ukufinyelela kuhlelo lokubuyisa.

Uma kwenzeka ukweqisa ngokweqile, shayela ucingo losizo lokulawula ubuthi ku-1-800-222-1222. Imininingwane iyatholakala online ku-https: //www.poisonhelp.org/help. Uma isisulu siwile, saba nokuquleka, sinenkinga yokuphefumula, noma singakwazi ukuvuswa, shayela ngokushesha abezimo eziphuthumayo ku-911.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ingane iphuza ngaphezu komthamo ojwayelekile wesisombululo. Isixazululo siqukethe inani elikhulu lotshwala olungaba yingozi enganeni.

Izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile zingafaka okulandelayo:

• ukuba ndikindiki, ukushiswa, noma ukushaywa izandla noma izinyawo

Gcina wonke ama-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho kanye nelabhorethri. Udokotela wakho uzoku-oda izivivinyo ezithile zelebhu ukuze ahlole impendulo yakho ku-ritonavir.

Ungavumeli omunye umuntu ukuthi athathe imithi yakho. Buza usokhemisi wakho noma imiphi imibuzo onayo mayelana nokugcwalisa umuthi wakho.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ugcine uhlu olubhaliwe lwayo yonke imishanguzo oyisebenzisayo kadokotela kanye nokungabhaliswanga (ngaphezulu kokuthenga), kanye nanoma yimiphi imikhiqizo efana namavithamini, amaminerali, noma ezinye izithako zokudla. Kufanele uze nalolu hlu njalo uma uvakashela udokotela noma uma ungeniswa esibhedlela. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi nemininingwane ebalulekile ukuthi uphathe uma kwenzeka kunezimo eziphuthumayo.

• UNorvir^®

• I-RTV